Gary v. Nichols

447 F. Supp. 320, 1978 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 19137
CourtDistrict Court, D. Idaho
DecidedMarch 9, 1978
DocketCiv. 1-75-122
StatusPublished
Cited by11 cases

This text of 447 F. Supp. 320 (Gary v. Nichols) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, D. Idaho primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Gary v. Nichols, 447 F. Supp. 320, 1978 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 19137 (D. Idaho 1978).

Opinion

MEMORANDUM DECISION

McNICHOLS, Chief Judge:

Plaintiff worked as a general maintenance man for Western Beverage Corporation in Twin Falls, Idaho, until October 5, 1974, on which date his employment terminated. On February 10, 1975, he applied for and was subsequently granted unemployment compensation benefits by the Idaho Department of Employment in accordance with the Idaho Employment Security Law, Idaho Code §§ 72-1301 to -1379, and the regulations promulgated thereunder. Weekly benefits were paid in the sum of $60.00 per week for the weeks ending February 22, 1975, and March 1, 1975.

On February 26, 1975, the employer filed a timely request for a redetermination of plaintiff’s eligibility for benefits, alleging that the plaintiff had voluntarily terminated his employment without good cause. A form-letter notice, with the employer’s request attached, was duly sent to Gary at his Twin Falls address, advising him of the employer’s request for redetermination and requiring him to reply “as soon as possible”. The form was designed to be completed and returned to the agency office prior to March 10, 1975.

Unfortunately, the plaintiff was away from his home seeking employment and his reply was not received at the agency office until March 18, 1975. On March 13, 1975, a redetermination was made, holding Gary ineligible for benefits and requiring reimbursement to the agency for the two initial payments.

A timely appeal from the initial redetermination was filed on March 20,1975, and a final redetermination hearing before a senior appeals examiner was set for April 18, 1975. After several continuances, the appeal hearing was held on June 3, 1975, at which all parties were in attendance and represented by counsel. On June 13, 1975, the appeals examiner issued his decision, affirming the initial redetermination of ineligibility; he found that the claimant had indeed left his employment voluntarily and without good cause. This holding is not now under attack, and for our purposes is considered to be a correct determination of the issue.

Although additional administrative appeal to the Idaho Industrial Commission was available to the plaintiff, he did not pursue the same, and on July 23, 1975, filed this action, alleging jurisdiction by virtue of 28 U.S.C. §§ 1343(3) and (4), and seeking *322 inter alia: (1) relief under 28 U.S.C. §§ 2201 and 2202 declaring the Department’s rules and regulations relating to re-determination unconstitutional; (2) convention of a three-judge panel pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 2281 and 2284 1 in order to enjoin enforcement of the Department’s rules and regulations relating to redetermination; and (3) an order requiring defendant to pay plaintiff the sum of $480 in damages, costs and attorney’s fees. 2

The requisite notification and certificate for a multijudge panel was filed, and an order constituting the panel was entered. Subsequently, the plaintiff dismissed the following allegations and causes of action:

1. All claims for money damages;
2. All claims in the Second Cause of Action, Paragraph 26, regarding failure to provide a hearing before an impartial tribunal;
3. All claims in the Third Cause of Action, Paragraph 29, regarding failure to provide a fair hearing before an impartial tribunal; and
4. All allegations and claims in the Fifth Cause of Action.

In the present posture of the case, the plaintiff’s causes of action are respectively: (1) that the redetermination procedures are in violation of the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution and 42 U.S.C. § 1983, in that they provide for termination of unemployment benefits without first affording the recipient a pretermination evidentiary hearing; (2) that the delay from the time of termination to the date of the final redetermination hearing, approximately 87 days, violates the due process clause of the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments and 42 U.S.C. § 1983; (3) that the termination of benefits prior to a hearing violates 42 U.S.C. § 503(a)(1) and 42 U.S.C. § 1983, in that the administration of claims is not calculated to insure full payment of benefits when due; and (4) that the granting of repeated continuances of the final redetermination hearing was unreasonable, arbitrary and a violation of 20 C.F.R. § 650.1(b) and 42 U.S.C. § 1983!

As jurisdiction was properly invoked under 28 U.S.C. §§ 1343(3) and (4), as a three-judge court was properly convened, and as the plaintiff’s claims are not moot, we directly address the plaintiff’s specific constitutional and statutory claims.

I.

A. Plaintiff’s first cause of action comprises essentially two issues: (1) whether due process requires a pretermination evidentiary hearing before the recipient of unemployment benefits may no longer receive those benefits; and (2) if not, whether due process mandates more than an oral interview before an unemployment claimant may have his benefits terminated. We decide both issues in the negative.

The analysis of a due process challenge is two-fold: First, whether the interest asserted is within the Fourteenth Amendment’s protection of “liberty” or “property”; and if so, what process is “due” in the particular context. Smith v. Organization of Foster Families, 431 U.S. 816, 838-39, 847, 97 S.Ct. 2094, 53 L.Ed.2d 14 (1977).

It is clear and virtually conceded that the claimant’s asserted interest in continuing to receive unemployment benefits is a protected one. See Graves v. Meystrik, 425 F.Supp. 40, 47 (E.D.Mo.1977), aff’d without opinion, 431 U.S. 910, 97 S.Ct. 2164, 53 L.Ed.2d 220 (1977). Not unlike wages and welfare benefits, unemployment benefits are specific, more than expectational, and conferred by existing statutes, rules *323

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
447 F. Supp. 320, 1978 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 19137, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/gary-v-nichols-idd-1978.