Gallego v. Purdy

415 So. 2d 166
CourtDistrict Court of Appeal of Florida
DecidedJune 23, 1982
Docket82-748
StatusPublished
Cited by10 cases

This text of 415 So. 2d 166 (Gallego v. Purdy) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court of Appeal of Florida primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Gallego v. Purdy, 415 So. 2d 166 (Fla. Ct. App. 1982).

Opinion

415 So.2d 166 (1982)

Mario GALLEGO, Petitioner,
v.
The Honorable H. Mark PURDY As Judge of the Circuit Court of the 17th Judicial Circuit in and for Broward County, Florida, Respondent.

No. 82-748.

District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.

June 23, 1982.

*167 Stephen J. Golembe of Law Offices of Mishkin & Golembe, Miami, for petitioner.

Jim Smith, Atty. Gen., Tallahassee, and Russell S. Bohn, Asst. Atty. Gen., West Palm Beach, for respondent.

HERSEY, Judge.

Mario Gallego was arrested on February 26, 1981, and on April 22, 1981, was charged by Information with trafficking in cocaine in an amount of 28 grams or more, but less than 200 grams. Subsequently, on one or more occasions, defense continuances were granted. On February 23, 1982, a motion by the state to amend the Information to charge trafficking in cocaine in an amount in excess of 400 grams was granted. It is undisputed that there were two separate amounts of cocaine and that they were involved in the same criminal episode.

Gallego's motion for discharge directed to the amended information and based upon a violation of the speedy trial rule was denied. By petition for writ of prohibition Gallego seeks to have this court oust the trial court of its jurisdiction to proceed on the enhanced charge.

As we did in Sherrod v. Franza, 396 So.2d 1136 (Fla. 4th DCA 1981), we deny the petition primarily on its merits but also on the grounds of the unavailability of prohibition to redress an alleged violation of the speedy trial rule.

Addressing, first, the merits, we find no violation of the speedy trial rule. A defense continuance constitutes a specific waiver of the speedy trial rule (or, more properly, an estoppel precluding reliance on the rule) as to all charges which emanate from a single criminal episode. State v. DeSimone, 386 So.2d 283 (Fla. 4th DCA 1980); State v. Corlew, 382 So.2d 787 (Fla. 2d DCA 1980).

Second, we adhere to our position in Sherrod that prohibition, and its counterpart mandamus, do not lie to review an alleged violation of the speedy trial rule. We differ in this view from the Fifth District, Bates v. Keating, 396 So.2d 1172 (Fla. 5th DCA 1981), but see Bouchacra v. Leffler, 413 So.2d 791, (Fla. 5th DCA, Case No. 82-151, opinion filed April 7, 1982); and the Third District, V.C. v. Ferguson (Fla. 3d DCA Case No. 82-323, opinion filed April 20, 1982).

The holding in Sherrod that prerogative writs are unavailable to remedy speedy trial rule violations is based upon (1) the fact that conceptually neither prohibition nor mandamus is appropriately invoked to redress the mere violation of a procedural *168 rule and (2) precedents in the case law from the Florida Supreme Court which support the use of these extraordinary remedies involve a violation of the constitutional right to speedy trial even when couched in terms of the speedy trial statute which preceded the speedy trial rule.

Both prohibition and mandamus are extraordinary remedies. They have been utilized interchangeably in the area of violations of the constitutional right to speedy trial. Use of the writ of prohibition stops the proceedings and prevents the inferior court from continuing to exercise its jurisdiction or from acting in excess of its jurisdiction. Mandamus, while accomplishing primarily the same result, by its nature is affirmative in operation and its most frequent consequence is discharge of the defendant and dismissal of the criminal charges. Neither writ is available to address a mere error of law or an abuse of discretion by the trial court.

In English v. McCrary, 348 So.2d 293, 296-298 (Fla. 1977), the supreme court said of the writ of prohibition:

Prohibition is an extraordinary writ, a prerogative writ, extremely narrow in scope and operation, by which a superior court, having appellate and supervisory jurisdiction over an inferior court or tribunal possessing judicial or quasi-judicial power, may prevent such inferior court or tribunal from exceeding jurisdiction or usurping jurisdiction over matters not within its jurisdiction.
... .
Prohibition lies to prevent an inferior tribunal from acting in excess of jurisdiction but not to prevent an erroneous exercise of jurisdiction.
... .
Abuse of discretion by the inferior tribunal acting within its jurisdiction is not a matter to be determined by prohibition. State v. Hunt, 70 So.2d 301 (Fla. 1954), State ex rel. Jacksonville Ice & Cold Storage Co. v. Gray et al., 130 Fla. 359, 177 So. 849 (1937). If the existence of jurisdiction depends on controverted facts which the inferior court has the jurisdiction to determine, and the court errs in the exercise thereof, prohibition is not available. State ex rel. Park v. H.T. Poindexter & Sons Merchandise Co., 149 Fla. 765, 7 So.2d 452 (1941), Burkhart v. Circuit Court of Eleventh Judicial Circuit [146 Fla. 457, 1 So.2d 872], supra, State ex rel. Schwarz v. Heffernan, 142 Fla. 137, 194 So. 313 (1940), State v. Drumright, 116 Fla. 496, 156 So. 721 (1934).
The suggestion for writ of prohibition must affirmatively show lack of jurisdiction in the lower court. Department of Public Safety v. Koonce, 147 Fla. 616, 3 So.2d 331 (1941), State v. Rowe, 104 So.2d 134 (Fla. 1st DCA 1958).

In Garrett v. Johnson, 112 Fla. 112, 113, 150 So. 239, 239 (1933), the court said of the writ of mandamus:

Mandamus is a remedy correlative to that of prohibition as a means of testing jurisdiction in pending cases.
If in this case prohibition would lie to restrain jurisdiction had the order been the reverse of what it was, that is to say, had the circuit court's order been that the cause should not be dismissed because the court did have jurisdiction, then mandamus as a corresponding remedy for a contrary order will lie to test the correctness of the order that was made, holding that the circuit court did not have jurisdiction, since both mandamus and prohibition are remedies available in an appellate court of superior jurisdiction to control and supervise the exercise of jurisdiction by courts having final appellate jurisdiction to decide the jurisdictional questions involved.

In State ex rel. Allen v. Rose, 123 Fla. 544, 167 So. 21 (1936), the parameters of the writ were carefully and fully explored. The court explained:

In one of our recent cases on this subject, State ex rel. Board of Commissioners v. Helseth et al., 104 Fla. 208, 140 So. 655, 660, Mr. Justice Davis, speaking for this court, said: "A writ of mandamus is issued only to require the performance of a plain official duty on the part of respondents. It is issued to require the person *169 to whom it is directed to perform some act which the law enjoins as a duty, and it confers no power and creates no duty of itself." And in State v. Richards, 50 Fla. 284, 39 So. 152, this court held that mandamus lies to compel the performance of a ministerial duty, where such duty does not involve the exercise of discretion or judgment by the officer, and the relator has a clear legal right to have such duty performed... . Where the duty is discretionary, mandamus does not lie.
... .

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415 So. 2d 166, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/gallego-v-purdy-fladistctapp-1982.