Frederick v. Ieyoub

762 So. 2d 144, 2000 WL 583939
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedMay 12, 2000
Docket99 CA 0616
StatusPublished
Cited by21 cases

This text of 762 So. 2d 144 (Frederick v. Ieyoub) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Frederick v. Ieyoub, 762 So. 2d 144, 2000 WL 583939 (La. Ct. App. 2000).

Opinion

762 So.2d 144 (2000)

James FREDERICK
v.
Richard IEYOUB, Attorney General; State of Louisiana.

No. 99 CA 0616.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, First Circuit.

May 12, 2000.

*145 James Frederick, Appellant, Pro-se.

*146 William Kline, Baton Rouge, Counsel for Defendant-Appellee, Richard Ieyoub, Attorney General; State of Louisiana.

Before BROWN, GASKINS and PEATROSS, JJ. (PRO TEMPORE).

BROWN, J. Pro Tempore.

James Frederick, a prison inmate, brought an action challenging the constitutionality of La.R.S. 15:571.5 on substantive due process and equal protection grounds.

In his petition, plaintiff states that he was convicted of attempted second degree murder and sentenced on September 21, 1993 to 15 years at hard labor. Plaintiff signed a "Good Time Rate Option and Approval Form" to become eligible for good time, that is, 30 days for every 30 days in custody. In the document plaintiff recognizes that if he is approved for this rate of good time, he would not receive incentive wages or be deemed indigent. He was approved and his adjusted release date was computed to be July 5, 2000. He was advised that he must sign a certificate agreeing to all the conditions listed and that if he refused to sign that, he would have to serve until April 2, 2008, his full term date. Plaintiff objected, however, to the parole conditions.

La.R.S. 15:571.5 provides:

A. (1) When a prisoner committed to the Department of Public Safety and Corrections is released because of diminution of sentence pursuant to this Part, he shall be released as if released on parole.
(2) At least three months prior to the anticipated release due to diminution of sentence, the secretary of the department shall notify the parole board and provide such information as is necessary to allow the board to establish such conditions as provided in R.S. 15:574.4(H) as may be reasonably necessary to facilitate supervision. If diminution of sentence is not prohibited by R.S. 15:571.3(C)(1) and the sentence is for a sexual offense as enumerated in R.S. 15:574.4(H)(2), then the provisions of R.S. 15:574.4(H)(2)(a) and (b) and (3) apply.
B. (1) Before any prisoner is released on parole upon diminution of sentence, he shall be issued a certificate of parole that enumerates the conditions of parole. These conditions shall be explained to the prisoner and the prisoner shall agree in writing to such conditions prior to his release on parole.
(2) The person released because of diminution of sentence pursuant to this Part shall be supervised in the same manner and to the same extent as if he were released on parole. The supervision shall be for the remainder of the original full term of sentence. If a person released because of diminution of sentence pursuant to this Part violates a condition imposed by the parole board, the board shall proceed in the same manner as it would to revoke parole to determine if the release upon diminution of sentence should be revoked.
C. If such person's parole is revoked by the parole board for violation of the terms of parole, the person shall be recommitted to the department for the remainder of the original full term. (Emphasis added.)

Plaintiff's demand that he be released without parole was denied by the Department of Public Safety under its administrative remedy procedure. On October 23, 1998, plaintiff filed a petition in the district court for judicial review of that decision pursuant to La. R.S. 15:1177. Plaintiff claims in his petition that La. R.S. 15:571.5 is unconstitutional in that the parole requirement deprives him of his liberty and property interests without a valid and legitimate state interest or purpose in violation of the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution and Article 1, § 2 of the Louisiana Constitution. Plaintiff further claims that the state has no legitimate interest or purpose in subjecting him to the parole mandates of La. R.S. 15:571.5 because "numerous habitual, sexual *147 and violent offenders are released ... every year without any type of parole supervision." Plaintiff also claims that the good time he has earned and paid for is protected by the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution. Plaintiff further complains that good time credits should reduce the length of his original sentence.

The Prison Litigation Reform Act ("PLRA") requires the district court to "screen" such filings prior to service of the petition to determine whether they present a cause of action or "cognizable claim." The trial court adopted the written recommendation of the screening commissioner and dismissed plaintiff's petition with prejudice as frivolous and for its failure to state a cognizable claim or action. The trial court ordered the judgment to be considered a "strike" as provided in La.R.S. 15:1187. Plaintiff appeals from this judgment. For the following reasons, we affirm in part and reverse in part.

DISCUSSION

Constitutional Claims

In the screening process, the court must accept the well-pleaded allegations as true, and the issue is whether, based on the allegations presented in the petition alone, the plaintiff is entitled to the relief sought. La.C.C.P. art. 927(A)(4); Thomas v. Armstrong World Industries, Inc., 95-2222 (La.App. 1st Cir.06/28/96), 676 So.2d 1185, writ denied, 96-1965 (La.11/01/96), 681 So.2d 1272. Any reasonable doubt concerning the sufficiency of the petition must be resolved in favor of finding that a cause of action has been stated. Thomas, supra. Thus, the issue is whether plaintiff is entitled to have La.R.S. 15:571.5 declared unconstitutional on the allegations presented in his petition.

In determining the validity of plaintiff's constitutional claims, we begin with the well-settled principle that all statutory enactments are presumed to be constitutional. Polk v. Edwards, 626 So.2d 1128 (La.1993). The party challenging the constitutionality of a statute bears the burden of proving the statute to be unconstitutional. State v. Chester, 97-2790 (La.12/01/98), 724 So.2d 1276; State v. Wilson, 96-1392, 96-2076 (La.12/13/96), 685 So.2d 1063. Statutes are presumed valid and their constitutionality should be upheld whenever possible. State v. Byrd, 96-2302 (La.03/13/98), 708 So.2d 401. Because of these rules of construction, the party attacking the act must establish clearly and convincingly that the constitutional aim was to deny the legislature the power to enact the statute. Polk, supra.

Substantive Due Process

Plaintiff urges that La.R.S. 15:571.5 constitutes an unreasonable use of the legislature's police powers and, as such, is arbitrary, capricious and in violation of substantive due process under the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution and Article I, § 2 of the Louisiana Constitution. He further contends that La.R.S. 15:571.5 deprives him of his property rights and liberty interests with regards to the good time credit that he has earned and paid for by giving up incentive wages.

Louisiana Constitution Article I, § 2 provides that no person shall be denied life, liberty, or property without due process of law. The substantive component of the federal due process clause prohibits a governmental entity from enacting legislation which bears no relationship to the "public health, safety, morals, or general welfare," and thus is beyond the government's police power. See

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Bluebook (online)
762 So. 2d 144, 2000 WL 583939, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/frederick-v-ieyoub-lactapp-2000.