Fox v. State ex rel. Office of State Finance

2005 OK CIV APP 57, 120 P.3d 1217, 2005 Okla. Civ. App. LEXIS 48, 2005 WL 2155589
CourtCourt of Civil Appeals of Oklahoma
DecidedJuly 25, 2005
DocketNo. 100,165
StatusPublished

This text of 2005 OK CIV APP 57 (Fox v. State ex rel. Office of State Finance) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Civil Appeals of Oklahoma primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Fox v. State ex rel. Office of State Finance, 2005 OK CIV APP 57, 120 P.3d 1217, 2005 Okla. Civ. App. LEXIS 48, 2005 WL 2155589 (Okla. Ct. App. 2005).

Opinion

Opinion by

KENNETH L. BUETTNER, Chief Judge.

T1 Permanent, classified, merit employee Terry M. Fox was discharged from employment with the Oklahoma State Finance Agency (OSF) for misconduct and conduct unbecoming a state employee for verbally threatening bodily harm to a fellow employee. Fox appealed his discharge to the Oklahoma Merit Protection Commission (MPC), which reinstated him on the ground that OSF had not conducted Fox's annual work performance evaluation. OSF appealed that decision to district court. The court asked MPC for clarification, which MPC provided in an addendum order stating that the evidence was sufficient to support discharge and the discharge would have been affirmed except for the failure to conduct the evaluation. In the meantime, OSF conducted an evaluation and discharged Fox again. Fox appealed that termination which MPC dismissed. [1218]*1218Fox appealed that decision which the District Court consolidated with the prior case. The District Court noted compliance with the evaluation statute, the addendum order and affirmed the initial discharge. We affirm.

12 Terry Fox worked at the data center for the Office of State Finance. About 2:80 p.m., March 28, 2002, he was walking to the restroom when he met a fellow employee on a ramp. The other man had a rolling cart which Fox stated he pushed in front of him in an aggressive manner. Fox stepped around to avoid him, but the other man pushed the cart in front of him again. Fox got into his face, called him some names, and told him he would "whip his ass." Another employee witnessed the incident and called for intervention. The men separated. Fox was asked to leave the workplace, which he did. After investigation, OSF conducted a pretermination hearing, then discharged Fox from employment.

T3 Fox appealed his discharge to the Merit Protection Commission, which reinstated him because it found that OSF had failed to conduct an employment evaluation within the previous year.1 OSF appealed2 that order to the District Court which asked for clarification and temporarily enjoined OSF from proceeding with disciplinary action against Fox. The District Court dissolved the temporary injunction February 27, 2008. OSF, having thereafter performed an annual employment evaluation, signed by Fox, discharged him again and held a second pretermination hearing March 24, 2003. On April 29, 2003, the District Court issued its clarification order to the Merit Protection Commission, remanding for a determination whether, but for the failure to comply with the evaluation requirement, it would have upheld the discharge. MPC answered in the affirmative May 5, 2008. The District Court recited the history of the procedure of the case and stated that it reviewed initial and supplemental briefs and issued its final order November 25, 2008. "Based upon its review, the Court finds that the first discharge of Respondent Fox would have been affirmed except for the Petitioner's failure to comply with 74 O.S. § 840-4.17. The Petitioner has complied with the statute and the evidence presented supports discharge of the Respondent, therefore, the discharge is approved and affirmed."

[ 4 The reviewing court affirms the agency order if it is found to be valid and if the proceedings are free from prejudicial error to the appellant. 75 O.S.2001 § 322(3). Pursuant to 75 O.S.2001 $ 322(1), in the exercise [1219]*1219of proper judicial discretion or authority, the reviewing court

. may set aside or modify the order, or reverse it and remand it to the ageney for further proceedings, if it determines that the substantial rights of the appellant or petitioner for review have been prejudiced because the agency findings, inferences, conclusions or decisions, are:
(a) in violation of constitutional provisions; or
(b) in excess of the statutory authority or jurisdiction of the agency; or
(c) made upon unlawful procedure; or
(d) affected by other error of law; or
(e) clearly erroneous in view of the reliable, material, probative and substantial competent evidence, as defined in Seetion 10 of this act, including matters properly noticed by the agency upon examination and consideration of the entire record as submitted; but without otherwise substituting its judgment as to the weight of the evidence for that of the agency on question of fact; or
(f) arbitrary or capricious; or
(g) because findings of fact, upon issues essential to the decision were not made although requested.

T5 Fox contends that (1) his second discharge was barred by res judicata; (2) OSF violated his rights to equal protection and due process by not treating him similarly to two other employees who he claims behaved worse but got lighter disciplinary treatment; and (8) OSF did not perform his employment evaluation in a timely fashion nor use progressive discipline, contrary to the Oklahoma Personnel Act.

16 With respect to the res judicata claim, the District Court held that the first discharge was effective.3 - Consequently, there is only one final order from the Merit Protection Commission, and one final order from the District Court. Res Judicata is not an applicable legal concept to the facts at bar. Further, although fully litigated administrative decisions, which hold the possibility of appeal, may be subject to res judicata (see State ex rel. Department of Transportation v. Little, 2004 OK 74, 100 P.3d 707), there is no authority cited for the proposition that an agency discharge of an employee meets the criteria.

17 However, the initial error which occurred in this case was MPC's holding that OSF could not discharge Fox because it had failed to perform the Oklahoma Personnel Act's mandatory performance evaluation. OSF admittedly failed to do this, and, in fact, had failed for several preceding years.4 OSF's dereliction, however, is a matter for itself and the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) to correct.

T8 To read 74 O.S.2001 § 840-4.17(E) as a condition precedent to discharge is inconsistent with 74 O.S.2001 § 840-6.3(B), "Progressive discipline" and can result, as it did in the case at bar, in holdings the Legislature cannot have intended. It certainly makes sense to use evaluations in employment decisions such as promotions, appointments, demotions, performance pay increases, and discharges when the appointing authority is basing a decision over a span of time. With respect to discharge, an evaluation might be pertinent when an employee had been subject to corrective action for unsatisfactory conduct or substandard employment performance. However, an employee may have a superlative employment evaluation, yet be discharged from employment for one egregious episode of misconduct in the workplace. Title 74 O.S.2001 § 840-6.3(B), "Progressive discipline," states:

Progressive discipline is a system designed to ensure not only the consistency, impartiality and predictability of discipline, but also the flexibility to vary penalties if justified by aggravating or mitigating condi[1220]*1220tions. Typically, penalties range from verbal warning ... suspension or demotion. Absent mitigating cireumstances, repetition of an offense is accompanied by a generally automatic progression to the next higher level of discipline.

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Related

Cox v. STATE EX REL. OKLAHOMA DHS
2004 OK 17 (Supreme Court of Oklahoma, 2004)
State Ex Rel. Department of Transportation v. Little
2004 OK 74 (Supreme Court of Oklahoma, 2004)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
2005 OK CIV APP 57, 120 P.3d 1217, 2005 Okla. Civ. App. LEXIS 48, 2005 WL 2155589, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/fox-v-state-ex-rel-office-of-state-finance-oklacivapp-2005.