First National Bank of Fargo v. Ketcham

336 N.W.2d 140
CourtNorth Dakota Supreme Court
DecidedJune 24, 1983
DocketCiv. 10312
StatusPublished
Cited by5 cases

This text of 336 N.W.2d 140 (First National Bank of Fargo v. Ketcham) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering North Dakota Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
First National Bank of Fargo v. Ketcham, 336 N.W.2d 140 (N.D. 1983).

Opinions

PEDERSON, Justice.

This is an appeal from a judgment for the First National Bank notwithstanding a jury verdict for Ketcham. The Bank sued Ketc-ham on note number 96142, dated February 2, 1979, in the amount of $13,415.62 plus 10% interest, secured by a second mortgage on Ketcham’s home. After the Bank proved a prima facie ease, which was in effect conceded, the Bank rested and the trial proceeded with Ketcham attempting to prove her counterclaim that the note and mortgage were void and of no legal effect.

At the close of Ketcham’s evidence, the Bank moved for “dismissal”1 [of Ketcham’s counterclaim] or, in the alterna[142]*142tive, for a “directed verdict”2 on grounds which could be characterized as (1) insufficiency of the evidence, and (2) no right to relief as a matter of law.3 The Bank’s motion was not granted. The jury returned a verdict for Ketcham and judgment was entered on the verdict. In accordance with Rule 50(b), NDRCivP, the Bank then moved for vacation of the judgment and for judgment in accordance with its motion for a directed verdict.4 A new trial was prayed for in the alternative.5

The trial court granted those parts of the Bank’s motion seeking the vacation of the judgment and entry of judgment for the Bank notwithstanding the verdict. The trial court denied the alternative motion for new trial. Only Ketcham appealed; however the Bank, without cross-appealing, asserts error in the denial of the motion for new trial, which it can do under Rule 50(c)(1).6 We affirm the judgment entered notwithstanding the verdict.

[143]*143Eileen Ketcham, formerly Eileen Gross, and her former husband, James C. Gross, obtained numerous individual and joint, short-term, unsecured, commercial loans from First National Bank, starting in 1971, continuing after Eileen and James were divorced in 1978, and ending upon James’s death on December 21, 1979.

Eight of the notes introduced were for less than $4,000. Seven of these were for terms of six months or less, and one was an installment loan for 18 months. All eight were unsecured and all were covered by Credit Life Insurance.

Four of the notes were for sums over $12,000, and all were converted from single payment to installment payments. Note number 76577, dated January 30, 1973, was a $17,000 note at 8% interest for a term of one year, was unsecured but was co-signed by James Gross’s parents and Eileen’s father. The note contained an election of insurance coverage and was marked as follows:

“(X) I DO NOT want Credit Life or Sickness & Accident Insurance.”

Note number 83557, dated February 13, 1975, for $15,121.10 at 9¾⅛% interest for a term of one year, was unsecured but was co-signed by Eileen’s father. This note also contained the election:

“(X) I DO NOT want Credit Life or Sickness & Accident Insurance.”

An unnumbered note, dated April 11, 1977, for $12,929.66 at 9V2% interest for a term of one year, was unsecured and apparently was not co-signed. (The original note was not introduced — the original may have borne a number and co-signers.) This note also contained the election:

“(X) I DO NOT want Credit Life or Sickness & Accident Insurance.”

Note number 96142, the subject of this suit, dated February 2, 1979, for $13,415.62 at 10% interest, due on June 20, 1985, was secured by a second mortgage on the Gross home in Fargo. This note also contained the election:

“(X) I DO NOT want Credit Life or Sickness & Accident Insurance.”

The evidence discloses that when note number 76577 was executed in January 1973, there was a discussion with Bank officials about term life insurance on both James and Eileen. The evidence is confusing. A Bank notation states: “We have sold $100,000 life insurance to Jim and his wife.” The testimony, however, discloses that coverage was rejected and James and Eileen purchased term life insurance in the amount of $50,000 and $25,000, respectively, from an independent insurance agency and, at least insofar as the $50,000 policy on James’s life is concerned, the Bank was named as sole beneficiary and the policy was delivered to the Bank. There is no claim made that the same or any similar discussion of insurance took place when the three subsequent notes were negotiated.

The record discloses further that subsequent to the divorce in 1978 James, without the knowledge or consent of the Bank or of Eileen, first changed the beneficiary on the $50,000 policy to his son and, thereafter, quit paying premiums and the coverage was cancelled prior to James’s death in December 1979. Eileen also terminated or converted her policy without notice to or consent of the Bank.

Generally, the borrower on a note contracts to repay the loan according to the terms of the instrument. See Farmers & Merchants National Bank of Hatton v. Lee, 333 N.W.2d 792 (N.D.1983). In this case, Eileen’s counterclaim to the Bank’s suit alleged that, in spite of the terms of the note, she was “lead to believe” that the Bank would see to it that the loan was covered by insurance on James’s life, that she “relied” thereon, and thus the note and mortgage were “void and of no legal effect.”

Because it may be useful to clarify the application of the rule in the trial courts, we believe that it is in the interest of judicial economy that we discuss, first, the Bank’s assertion that “the trial court abused its discretion by concluding that the [144]*144evidence warranted a judgment notwithstanding the verdict, but did not warrant the conditional grant of a new trial.” Cited in support of this assertion is Okken v. Okken, 325 N.W.2d 264 (N.D.1982), in which Justice VandeWalle analyzed the relationship between alternative motions for judgment notwithstanding the verdict and for a new trial. Although a motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict is to be measured both in the trial court and in this court “by a far more rigorous standard”7 than a motion for a new trial, it does not necessarily follow that a motion for a new trial should always be assumed to be a “lesser included” remedy. If the judgment notwithstanding the verdict is granted on strictly a question of law, having no relationship whatsoever to sufficiency of the evidence, it is entirely possible that judgment notwithstanding the verdict may be entirely justified but a new trial would not be. We believe that this is such a case, even though the opposite is ordinarily true.

Rule 59(b) motions for a new trial are addressed to the sound discretion of the trial court. Okken v. Okken, supra, 325 N.W.2d at 269. The denial of a new trial in this instance has not been shown to be unreasonable, arbitrary, or unconscionable. A new trial would serve no useful purpose unless the parties changed their strategy, which is not allowed. Waletzko v. Herdegen, 226 N.W.2d 648, 653 (N.D.1975). No manifest abuse of discretion occurred.

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First National Bank of Fargo v. Ketcham
336 N.W.2d 140 (North Dakota Supreme Court, 1983)

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Bluebook (online)
336 N.W.2d 140, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/first-national-bank-of-fargo-v-ketcham-nd-1983.