Fina v. Fina

737 A.2d 760, 1999 Pa. Super. 201, 1999 Pa. Super. LEXIS 2385
CourtSuperior Court of Pennsylvania
DecidedAugust 10, 1999
StatusPublished
Cited by30 cases

This text of 737 A.2d 760 (Fina v. Fina) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Superior Court of Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Fina v. Fina, 737 A.2d 760, 1999 Pa. Super. 201, 1999 Pa. Super. LEXIS 2385 (Pa. Ct. App. 1999).

Opinion

TAMILIA, J.

¶ 1 Appellant, Michele R. Fina, appeals from the November 2, 1998 Order adjudicating her Petition for Special Relief, Enforcement of Property Settlement Agreement and Contempt of Court. Appellant and appellee, James T. Fina, were married in 1974 and separated in 1987. They had four children, Danielle (1975), Greg (1978), Katherine (1981) and Thomas (1983). On July 21, 1989, the parties executed a Separation Agreement, which contains the following relevant provisions:

14. Child Support
a) Husband agrees to pay to Wife the sum of One Hundred Forty ($140) Dollars per week for each child residing with Wife which is currently all four children for a total of Five Hundred Sixty ($560) Dollars, to continue until each child shall attain the age of eighteen (18) years or shall have completed their undergraduate college education, but under no circumstances shall such obligation exceed four (4) calendar years after the graduation of each child from high school. If the child takes off one (1) year between high school and college, the support will cease for that year, but will be reinstated for four (4) years during the child’s undergraduate studies, provided he/she remains in school for the four (4) years....
b) In addition to the support as above, Husband agrees to be responsible for twenty-five (25%) of the cost of the college tuition and expenses of each minor child, if consulted concerning the choice of an undergraduate school and provided he agrees thereto, which agreement shall not be unreasonably withheld.
16. Medical Insurance. Husband shall maintain medical and dental insurance for the children to at least the extent which currently exists and further shall pay the cost of one-half of any uninsured or unreimbursed medical or dental expenses, provided he is notified of such in advance and is given the opportunity to participate in said decisions and agrees thereto. His agreement thereto, however, shall not be unreasonably withheld and, if it is, Wife has the right to seek reimbursement from Husband for half of such costs. Husband shall cover Wife’s medical/dental insurance until the issuance of a Divorce Decree.
24. Modification and Waiver: A modification or waiver of any of the provisions of this Agreement is effective only if made in writing and executed with the same formality as this Agreement....

A Divorce Decree was entered on October 20, 1989. The Separation Agreement was incorporated, but not merged, into the Decree.

¶2 On February 19, 1998, appellant filed her Petition for Special Relief, Enforcement of Property Settlement Agreement and Contempt of Court. The petition centered on alleged noncompliance by appellee in three areas: 1) nonpayment of the full support amount of $140 per week per child; 2) nonpayment of college tuition and expenses for Danielle and Greg; and 3) nonpayment of unreimbursed medical *763 and dental expenses for the children. Hearings on appellant’s petition were held on May 18, June 12 and September 11, 1998. The court heard testimony from both parties, two children, Danielle and Greg, and appellant’s present spouse, Thomas Weiner. Following the hearings, on November 2, 1998, the court entered an Order awarding appellee $3,640 as reimbursement for Greg’s past college expenses. The court, however, denied appellant’s claims for reimbursement of child support arrearages, Danielle’s college expenses and medical expenses. The court also refused to find that appellee breached the Agreement or to award counsel fees and interest to appellant. Appellant filed this timely appeal alleging trial court error in seven respects. 1

¶ 3 The first claim relates to the court’s refusal of appellant’s claim for alleged child support arrearages. At the hearings on appellant’s petition, the parties agreed that, beginning in April, 1992, appellee reduced the support payments contemplated in the Agreement ($140 per child per week) to $130 per child per week. Although the parties agreed the reduction had occurred, they differed as to whether it was agreed to by appellant.

¶ 4 Appellee, who was employed as a C.P.A. by Loomis Armored Car Company, testified that in early 1992, Loomis informed him that he must either move to California or lose his employment. Opting not to leave the area, appellee searched for another job and received an offer from Brooks Armored Car Company. The offer was for $66,000 per year, $13,000 less than he was earning at Loomis. As a result, in April, 1992, appellee called appellant and asked her to agree to a reduction of $10 per child per week so that he could take the position at Brooks. According to ap-pellee, appellant asked for time to decide and called him several days later to accept the reduced support payments. Although appellant acknowledged that appellee had called her regarding reduced support payments, she testified that appellee merely told her to “take it or leave it,” and that she did not agree to the reduction (N.T., 5/18/98, at 23).

¶ 5 It is undisputed that, following the phone call, appellee accepted the job offer with Brooks and lowered the support payments to $130 per child per week. The reduced support payments began in April, 1992. Appellant took no steps to enforce the Agreement provision calling for payments of $140. As appellant acknowledged, the support payments were raised to $132.50 per child per week in February, 1994, when appellee received a raise at Brooks. Appellant further testified that in May, 1997, when Danielle graduated from college, she called appellee and stated, “I think you’ve made a mistake on this. There’s one child less. Can you go to the $140 as per the Court Order?” (N.T. at 25.) Appellant acknowledged that appel-lee complied with her request and raised the support payments to $140.

¶ 6 In her petition, appellant sought to recover $8,528, the difference between the child support payments provided for in the 1989 Agreement and the amount actually paid between April, 1992, and May, 1997. In refusing this claim, the court found credible appellee’s testimony that appel *764 lant had expressly agreed to a reduction to $130 per child per week beginning in April, 1992. As a result, the court ruled the parties had orally modified their 1989 Agreement and appellant could not now recover the shortfall. In finding the parties had agreed to a modification, the court emphasized that appellant had not made a written demand on appellee or attempted to enforce the amount provided in the 1989 Agreement at any time between April, 1992 and the filing of her petition in February, 1998. On appeal, appellant challenges the court’s finding of an oral modification.

¶ 7 In Lipschutz v. Lipschutz, 391 Pa.Super. 537, 571 A.2d 1046 (1990), we considered the circumstances in which principles of contract law would be applied to property settlement agreements. We stated:

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Bluebook (online)
737 A.2d 760, 1999 Pa. Super. 201, 1999 Pa. Super. LEXIS 2385, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/fina-v-fina-pasuperct-1999.