Feltman v. Feltman

434 N.W.2d 590, 1989 S.D. LEXIS 13, 1989 WL 1263
CourtSouth Dakota Supreme Court
DecidedJanuary 11, 1989
Docket16168
StatusPublished
Cited by24 cases

This text of 434 N.W.2d 590 (Feltman v. Feltman) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering South Dakota Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Feltman v. Feltman, 434 N.W.2d 590, 1989 S.D. LEXIS 13, 1989 WL 1263 (S.D. 1989).

Opinions

HEEGE, Circuit Judge.

Richard Feltman and Richard and Paula Feltman as guardians for their children attack SDCL 25-7-7 (child support guidelines) as violating their constitutional equal protection rights. The trial court held that the Feltmans failed to establish that SDCL 25-7-7 was unconstitutionally discriminatory. We affirm.

FACTS

Richard and Sandra Feltman were married in 1969. They were divorced on March 25, 1974. Two children were born of the marriage. As part of a separation agreement, the parties agreed that Sandra Felt-man would have custody and Richard Felt-man would pay monthly child support of $75.00 per child, for a total of $150.00 per month for both children. The terms of this agreement were accepted by the court and included in the divorce decree.

Both parties remarried, but Sandra Felt-man is now divorced from her second husband. In his second marriage, Richard and his wife, Paula, have two children. These two children are minors and reside with Richard and Paula.

Sandra Feltman petitioned the Department of Social Services to conduct a hearing for the purpose of increasing Richard’s monthly child support obligation. In applying SDCL 25-7-7, the Department of Social Services, as affirmed by the circuit court, followed this approach: (1) They determined Richard Feltman’s net monthly income to be $1,379.71; (2) They determined that there were two children from the previous marriage; and (3) They then determined the proper support amount as $435 per month as specified for two children in the chart in SDCL 25-7-7.

Both the department and the circuit court considered the children of the second family, but concluded that the guidelines chart amount for two children was proper.

CLAIMS RAISED

In this appeal, the Feltmans raise two claims in their argument that SDCL 25-7-7 violates Article VI, Section 18 of the South Dakota Constitution and the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. First, they claim that SDCL 25-7-7 violates the equal protection rights of their children because the statute gives child support priority to the children of Richard Feltman’s first marriage. As a result, the children of Richard Feltman’s second marriage may not receive the same amount of economic support as the children of his first marriage. Their second claim is that SDCL 25-7-7 violates the equal protection rights of children in subsequent relationships because their needs are not taken into consideration when determining the amount of child support for children of a prior relationship. We deal with their claims separately.

I.

We apply the rational basis standard of review to Feltman’s claim that SDCL 25-7-7 violates the equal protection rights of children because the statute gives child support priority to the children of the first marriage. No suspect classification nor fundamental right is involved and therefore the strict scrutiny standard is inapplicable. Under the rational basis standard, this court will uphold a statute if the statutory classification bears some rational relationship to a legitimate state purpose. Weber v. Aetna Casualty & Surety Co., 406 U.S. 164, 92 S.Ct. 1400, 31 L.Ed.2d 768 (1972); Dandridge v. Williams, 397 U.S. 471, 90 S.Ct. 1153, 25 L.Ed.2d 491 (1970). The United States Supreme Court has also stated the test inversely when it held in Frontiero v. Richardson, 411 U.S. 677, 93 S.Ct. 1764, 36 L.Ed.2d 583 (1973) that a statute is valid “unless it is ‘patently arbitrary’ and bears no rational relationship to a legitimate governmental interest.” 411 U.S. at 684, 93 S.Ct. at 1768, 36 L.Ed.2d at 589 (emphasis added). See also Birchfield v. Birchfield, 417 N.W.2d 891 (S.D.1988).

[592]*592The burden of proving SDCL 25-7-7 unconstitutional rests with the Feltmans. A statute is presumed constitutional and the party attacking its constitutionality “has the burden of proving beyond a reasonable doubt that the classification violates equal protection rights.” Birchfield, supra at 894; In re Marriage of Urban, 293 N.W.2d 198 (Iowa 1980); see also In re Certification of a Question of Law, 372 N.W.2d 113 (S.D.1985); State v. Brown, 296 N.W.2d 501 (S.D.1980); State Theatre Co. v. Smith, 276 N.W.2d 259 (S.D.1979).

The Feltmans have failed to carry their burden of proving that SDCL 25-7-7 bears no rational relationship to a legitimate state interest. The opposite is true. Every parent is required to support their children. SDCL ch. 25-7, 25-7A. To assure that absent and noncustodial parents contribute to the support of all their children, the legislature passed SDCL 25-7-7. Under this statute, a noncustodial parent’s monthly child support payment is determined primarily by his or her net monthly income and the number of children from the prior marriage.

The guidelines used in SDCL 25-7-7 for determining a noncustodial parent’s monthly child support obligation reflect this court’s policy that “the amount of child support depends on the reasonable expenditures suitable to the child’s circumstances at the time of divorce and the payor’s financial means and ability to pay.” Saint-Pierre v. Saint-Pierre, 357 N.W.2d 250 (S.D.1984); Barrett v. Barrett, 308 N.W.2d 884, 885 (1981); Wallahan v. Wallahan, 284 N.W.2d 21 (S.D.1979). This state has an interest in protecting the welfare of its children which includes their standard of living.

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Feltman v. Feltman
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Bluebook (online)
434 N.W.2d 590, 1989 S.D. LEXIS 13, 1989 WL 1263, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/feltman-v-feltman-sd-1989.