Fargo Biltmore Motor Hotel Corp. v. Best Western International, Inc.

742 F.2d 459, 16 Fed. R. Serv. 1271
CourtCourt of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit
DecidedAugust 29, 1984
DocketNos. 83-1981, 83-2009
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 742 F.2d 459 (Fargo Biltmore Motor Hotel Corp. v. Best Western International, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Fargo Biltmore Motor Hotel Corp. v. Best Western International, Inc., 742 F.2d 459, 16 Fed. R. Serv. 1271 (8th Cir. 1984).

Opinion

BOWMAN, Circuit Judge.

Plaintiffs, the Fargo Biltmore Motor Hotel Corporation (Fargo Biltmore) and John C. Olness, brought this action against Best Western International, Inc. (Best Western) alleging violations of the North Dakota Franchise Investment Law, N.D.Cent.Code § 51-19-01 to § 51-19-17 (hereinafter NDFIL), and seeking rescission and restitution or damages.1 Best Western denied [461]*461plaintiffs’ allegations, asserted equitable defenses, and counterclaimed for breach of contract because of plaintiffs’ failure to pay for services and equipment rental. After trial, the District Court2 dismissed plaintiffs’ cause of action and entered judgment for Best Western on its counterclaim. See 563 F.Supp. 1022 (D.N.D.1983).

On appeal, plaintiffs argue that the District Court should have decided whether Best Western membership was a franchise under the NDFIL. Plaintiffs also argue that the equitable defenses raised by Best Western do not defeat their right to rescission. They contend that the District Court erroneously excluded evidence showing that Best Western failed to provide Olness with material facts at the time of the sale of the membership. Best Western has filed a cross-appeal contending that it is entitled to attorneys’ fees for defending the action and for pursuing its counterclaim and to have costs taxed against plaintiffs. We affirm the District Court’s judgment, but remand for further proceedings with regard to an award of attorneys’ fees.

Best Western offers memberships to individuals. If the hotel property is owned by a corporation, then the corporation designates an individual to be a member. Membership is automatically terminated when fifty percent or more of the stock of a corporation owning the hotel property is transferred. Members use the Best Western name and registered marks and receive room reservations through Best Western’s reservations center.

On December 22, 1978 Olness acquired ninety-five percent of the stock in Fargo Biltmore. The hotel owned by Fargo Biltmore was the subject of Best Western membership. Best Western informed Olness that the change in ownership resulted in automatic termination of Best Western membership and that Olness would have to apply for membership. Olness submitted a membership application and fee agreement to Best Western on December 23, 1978. He paid the application fee in January 1979.

In March 1979, Best Western notified Olness that his application had been accepted but informed him that certain deficiencies in the hotel should be corrected within ninety days in order to bring it up to Best Western’s standards. After a second inspection in June 1979, Best Western told Olness that the hotel was still below standard and gave him another ninety days. Meanwhile, Olness signed the 1980 membership certification and paid his yearly application fee. A third inspection in October 1979 and a fourth in January 1980 revealed that the hotel remained deficient in a number of areas.

In early March 1980, Olness’ attorney, David Maring, contacted the North Dakota Securities Commission in order to determine if Best Western was registered to sell franchises in North Dakota. The Franchise Examiner advised Maring that Best Western was not registered. Without revealing Maring’s interest, the Commission began investigating Best Western’s status under the NDFIL. At the same time, however, Maring responded' to Best Western’s criticisms of his client’s hotel by informing Best Western that steps were being taken to improve the hotel. . He also suggested that all parties work together to continue the operation of the hotel as a Best Western.

After another inspection, conducted in June 1980, Best Western apprised Olness that the hotel still had serious problems and that he was entitled to appear before Best Western’s board of directors to show why his membership should not be canceled. In response to this, plaintiffs stopped paying for services from Best Western, although they continued to take full advantage of such services, including several hundred room reservations. They did not tell Best Western that they intended to rescind the agreement or that they [462]*462did not intend to pay for services received under the agreement.

In September 1980, after a hearing and another inspection, Best Western cancelled Olness’ membership. Maring then contacted Best Western, stated that the North Dakota Securities Commissioner had determined that Best Western membership was an illegal franchise, asked that the cancellations be reconsidered, and threatened suit. When Best Western failed to reconsider the decision, plaintiffs filed suit in December 1980. They alleged that Best Western had violated the NDFIL by selling an unregistered franchise, by failing to provide Olness with a prospectus, by failing to have registered sales persons, and by not disclosing necessary facts.

I. Equitable Defenses

The District Court ruled that plaintiffs were not entitled to relief because they failed to overcome Best Western’s equitable defenses of waiver, estoppel, and failure to restore Best Western to the status quo ante.3 Plaintiffs insist that the District Court initially should have determined if Best Western was covered by the NDFIL. They emphasize that if Best Western was so covered then it clearly violated the NDFIL by failing to register, thereby rendering the membership agreement void.

There is no merit to plaintiffs’ argument. The North Dakota Supreme Court has held that failure to register does not make the contract between the alleged franchiser and franchisee automatically void. See Country Kitchen of Mount Vernon, Inc. v. Country Kitchen of Western America, Inc., 293 N.W.2d 118 (N.D.1980). It also recognizes “that, at a minimum, before a franchisee may rescind a franchise agreement under [the NDFIL], [the franchisee] must overcome any equitable defenses raised by the franchiser.” Peck of Chehalis, Inc. v. C.K. of Western America, Inc., 304 N.W.2d 91, 100 (N.D.1981). Therefore, if Best Western’s equitable defenses barred plaintiffs’ claims under the NDFIL, then the District Court was correct in concluding that it need not determine if Best Western membership constituted a franchise.

The record supports the District Court’s conclusion that plaintiffs should be estopped from asserting their claims under the NDFIL. Plaintiffs learned in March 1980 that Best Western had not registered pursuant to the NDFIL. Nevertheless, they did not seek rescission at that time nor did they divulge their role in initiating the investigation by the North Dakota Securities Commission. Instead, they informed Best Western that they had begun and intended to continue improving the hotel. Olness’ attorney urged Best Western to work with them towards this goal. For several months, Best Western, relying on these representations, provided membership benefits to the plaintiffs including the use of its name and its room reservation service. When Best Western notified Olness in June 1980 that it was considering cancellation of the membership, plaintiffs still failed to rescind the agreement and continued to take advantage of membership benefits even though they stopped paying for them.

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
742 F.2d 459, 16 Fed. R. Serv. 1271, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/fargo-biltmore-motor-hotel-corp-v-best-western-international-inc-ca8-1984.