Faerman v. State

966 S.W.2d 843, 1998 Tex. App. LEXIS 2127, 1998 WL 161364
CourtCourt of Appeals of Texas
DecidedApril 9, 1998
Docket14-96-00112-CR
StatusPublished
Cited by22 cases

This text of 966 S.W.2d 843 (Faerman v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Faerman v. State, 966 S.W.2d 843, 1998 Tex. App. LEXIS 2127, 1998 WL 161364 (Tex. Ct. App. 1998).

Opinions

OPINION

HUDSON, Justice.

Appellant, Gerard Irving Faerman (“Faer-man”), was charged by indictment with possession of less than 28 grams of cocaine. Although Faerman entered a plea of guilty, the trial court deferred a finding of guilt and placed him under the terms and conditions of probation for a period of five years in accordance with the terms of a plea bargain agreement. Two years later, the trial court adjudicated Faerman’s guilt for failing to abide by the conditions of probation and sentenced him to confinement in the Institutional Division of the Texas Department of Criminal Justice for 12 years and assessed a $500 fine. Faerman raises five points of error regarding the omission of a formal punishment hearing, the denial of an effective appeal, and the trial court’s refusal to set an appeal bond. We affirm the judgment of the trial court.

In his first and second points of error, Faerman complains (1) the trial court erred in failing to conduct a punishment hearing before sentencing him to the penitentiary; and (2) his counsel was ineffective when he failed to object to the absence of a punishment hearing. The record reflects that both sides presented evidence at the hearing on the State’s motion to adjudicate guilt. After the parties had rested and presented argument, the trial court found the allegations in [846]*846the State’s motion to be trae, adjudicated Faerman’s guilt, and immediately assessed punishment. The trial court then inquired whether Faerman had anything to say, and when he had nothing to say, the court remanded him to the custody of the sheriff.

The Court of Criminal Appeals has held that “when a trial court finds that an accused has committed a violation as alleged by the State and adjudicates a previously deferred finding of guilt, the court must then conduct a second phase to determine punishment.” Issa v. State, 826 S.W.2d 159, 161 (Tex.Crim.App.1992).1 Here, the trial court failed to conduct a “second phase.” The State contends that Faerman waived the error by failing to object. However, in Issa, the court observed that where there is no opportunity to object, ie., when the trial court adjudicates guilt and immediately assesses punishment, the error can be preserved by a motion for new trial. See id. Here, the trial judge immediately proceeded to assess appellant’s punishment after adjudicating his guilt, but he also asked Faerman if he had any response.2 Moreover, Faer-man did not file a motion for new trial. Accordingly, the error, if any, has not been preserved for review.

Faerman also argues, however, that his attorney provided ineffective assistance of counsel by failing to preserve the issue for review. The standard of review is whether, after examining the totality of the representation, appellant received reasonably effective assistance of counsel. Ex parte Walker, 794 S.W.2d 36, 37 (Tex.Crim.App.1990). Counsel does not mean errorless counsel, nor does it mean counsel judged ineffective by hindsight, but counsel reasonably likely to render and rendering reasonably effective assistance. Ex parte Duffy, 607 S.W.2d 507, 514 n. 14 (Tex.Crim.App.1980); Caraway v. State, 417 S.W.2d 159, 162 (Tex.Crim.App. 1967).

The record reflects that Faerman’s attorney called numerous witnesses at the adjudication hearing who testified that (1) Faerman was previously employed in the installation of laminates using glues and solvents which affected his memory; (2) he is a hard worker; (3) he has an alcohol problem; (4) his alcohol problem will not likely be corrected in the penitentiary; (6) his alcohol addiction could be remedied by attending an alcohol abuse program known as Houston Recovery; (7) he contributes $400 a month to the support of his minor son; and (8) family members would provide employment and supervision for Faerman. Accordingly, it appears that counsel effectively presented evidence that was aimed at mitigating Faerman’s punishment. Faerman does not contend there was additional evidence which could have been presented at a formal punishment hearing. Appellant’s first and second points of error are overruled.

In his third and fourth points of error, Faerman contends the statutory scheme which prevents him from appealing the trial court’s adjudication of guilt violates the equal [847]*847protection clause of both the federal and state constitutions. The legislature has provided:

On violation of a condition of community supervision under Subsection (a) of this section, the defendant may be arrested and detained as provided in Section 21 of this article. The defendant is entitled to a hearing limited to the determination by the court of whether it proceeds with an adjudication of guilt on the original charge. No appeal may be taken from this determination.

Tex.Code Crim. Proc. Ann. art. 42.12, § 5(b) (Supp.1998) (emphasis added). Faerman argues that because this prohibition applies to those defendants who are granted deferred adjudication, but does not apply to those who have their sentences suspended, the statute creates an unjustifiable distinction that renders it unconstitutional.

It is well settled that the Equal Protection Clause allows the Legislature considerable leeway to enact legislation that may appear to affect similarly situated people differently. Clark v. State, 665 S.W.2d 476, 480 (Tex.Crim.App.1984). Absent an interference with the exercise of a “fundamental” right or a burden on a “suspect” class, classifications will not be set aside on equal protection grounds if they are rationally related to a legitimate state interest. Id. The right to appeal does not create a suspect class or infringe on a fundamental right. Burger v. State, 920 S.W.2d 438, 437 (Tex.App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 1996, pet. ref'd). Unlike a defendant who is placed on community supervision after his guilt has been adjudicated and his sentence suspended, a defendant who is granted deferred adjudication will have no record of conviction if he successfully completes the term of community supervision. This is a valuable benefit, and the legislature could rationally have chosen to condition the award of such a benefit on the relinquishment of a right to appeal, thereby conserving the judicial and prosecutorial resources of the State. Rocha v. State, 903 S.W.2d 789, 791 (Tex.App.—Dallas 1995, no pet.); Burger, 920 S.W.2d at 438.

Finding that there is a rational and legitimate state interest in curtailing appeals from hearings where guilt is adjudicated under Article 42.12, § 5(b), we conclude the statute is not unconstitutional under the Equal Protection Clause of either the federal or state constitutions. Accordingly, Faerman’s third and fourth points of error are overruled.

In his final point of error, Faerman claims the trial court erred in refusing to set an appeal bond. After his guilt was adjudicated, Faerman requested the trial court set bond pending appeal in his Written Notice of Appeal.

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Faerman v. State
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Bluebook (online)
966 S.W.2d 843, 1998 Tex. App. LEXIS 2127, 1998 WL 161364, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/faerman-v-state-texapp-1998.