J-A29022-18
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
ELLIOTT GREENLEAF, P.C. : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF : PENNSYLVANIA : v. : : : RICHARD DEMARCO : : Appellant : No. 1543 EDA 2018
Appeal from the Order Entered May 23, 2018 In the Court of Common Pleas of Montgomery County Civil Division at No(s): 2018-0557
BEFORE: OTT, J., DUBOW, J., and STEVENS*, P.J.E.
MEMORANDUM BY DUBOW, J.: FILED JANUARY 22, 2019
Appellant, Richard DeMarco, appeals from the May 23, 2018 Order
entered in the Montgomery County Court of Common Pleas granting Elliott
Greenleaf, P.C.’s (“Appellee law firm”) “Motion Pursuant to Pa.R.C.P. [No.]
213.1 for Coordination, Stay and Transfer of [Appellant’s] Overlapping and
Duplicative Philadelphia County Action.” After careful review, we affirm on the
basis of the trial court’s July 2, 2018 Pa.R.A.P. 1925(a) Opinion.
Underlying this appeal is a dispute between a lawyer and his former law
firm over who is entitled to a referral fee. The facts and procedural history
are as follows. Appellee law firm has its headquarters in Montgomery County.
Appellant is a lawyer who worked for Appellee from 2012 to December 2016.
During the time Appellee law firm employed him, Appellant obtained a
client who had suffered a catastrophic injury in Philadelphia County. Appellee
law firm and the client entered into a written fee agreement at Appellee law
____________________________________ * Former Justice specially assigned to the Superior Court. J-A29022-18
firm’s office in Montgomery County. Appellant is not a party to the fee
agreement.
Appellee law firm ultimately referred this client’s personal injury case to
Saltz Mongeluzzi Barrett & Bendesky, P.C. (“Referral Counsel”). On August 6,
2014, Appellee law firm and Referral Counsel entered into a written referral
agreement (“Referral Agreement”) in which Referral Counsel agreed to pay
Appellee law firm a percentage of any counsel fees that Referral Counsel
recovered in Philadelphia County on behalf of the client. Appellant is not a
party to the Referral Agreement.
Appellee law firm and Referral Counsel negotiated the terms of the
Referral Agreement in Appellee law firm’s Montgomery County office. The
Referral Agreement between Appellee law firm and Referral Counsel underlies
the instant litigation.
On April 25, 2018, Referral Counsel advised Appellee law firm that the
personal injury case had settled and confirmed the amount of the referral fee.
On April 27 2018, Appellant filed a praecipe for writ of summons in
Philadelphia County indicating his intent to initiate a lawsuit against Appellee
law firm seeking payment of the referral fee generated by Referral Counsel in
the personal injury action in Philadelphia County.1 On May 1, 2018,
Appellant’s counsel notified Appellee law firm via email of Appellant’s writ.
____________________________________________
1 See DeMarco v. Elliott Greenleaf, P.C., April Term, 2018 No. 004064.
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That same day, Appellee law firm initiated the instant declaratory
judgment action in Montgomery County seeking a determination that it is
entitled to the referral fee. Appellee law firm served its Complaint on Appellant
on May 2, 2018.
Also on May 2, 2018, Appellant filed his own declaratory judgment
Complaint in Philadelphia County.2
That same day, Appellee law firm filed a “Motion Pursuant to Pa.R.C.P.
[No.] 213.1 for Coordination, Stay and Transfer of [Appellant’s] Overlapping
and Duplicative Philadelphia County Action.”3 Appellant filed an Objection to
this Motion on May 11, 2018. Replies and Sur-replies from both parties
followed.4
2 Appellant alleged in the Complaint that, prior to his leaving Appellee law firm at the end of December 2016, the Philadelphia County personal injury client terminated Appellee law firm and expressly retained Appellant individually to continue litigating her case when he left Appellee law firm to practice law separately. See Complaint, 5/2/18, at ¶ 10. He also alleged that he continued to work on that case separately to the present time. Id. at ¶ 11.
3 When duplicative cases are filed in the same county a court may “consolidate” them for joint consideration. See Pa.R.C.P. No. 213(a). When duplicative cases are filed in different counties, the court “coordinates” them for disposition. See Pa.R.C.P. No. 213.1(a).
4 Additionally, on May 14, 2018, Appellant filed Preliminary Objections to the Appellee law firm’s Complaint on the basis of, inter alia, improper venue. The trial court did not rule on Appellant’s Preliminary Objections prior to Appellant taking this appeal.
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On May 23, 2018, the Montgomery County Court of Common Pleas
granted Appellee law firm’s Motion coordinating the Montgomery County and
Philadelphia county actions in Montgomery County.
This timely appeal followed. Both Appellant and the trial court complied
with Pa.R.A.P. 1925.
Appellant raises the following issues on appeal:
1. Whether the [t]rial [c]ourt erred in consolidating the Philadelphia action, DeMarco v. Elliott Greenleaf, P.C., No. 180404064, in Montgomery County where: (a) the Philadelphia action was first filed; (b) [Appellee law firm] was terminated as counsel in the underlying personal injury case; (c) the victim in the underlying personal injury action lives in Philadelphia and is seriously injured; (d) the matter may be more conveniently litigated in Philadelphia; (e) Philadelphia retains a stronger interest in the adjudication of a referral fee dispute in a Philadelphia case; (f) litigating the matter in Philadelphia reduces the possibility of contradictory rulings; (g) the likelihood of early resolution is greater by keeping the matter in Philadelphia; and (h) an open Philadelphia [o]rphans[’] [c]ourt matter is relevant to the instant case[?]
2. Whether the [t]rial court erred in consolidating the Philadelphia action, DeMarco v. Elliott Greenleaf, P.C., No. 180404064, in Montgomery County where: (a) venue does not lie against [Appellant] in Montgomery County because the victim in the underlying personal injury action giving rise to this fee dispute lives in Philadelphia; (b) the accident in the underlying personal injury action occurred and was litigated wholly in Philadelphia; (c) [Appellant] worked in the Philadelphia office of [Appellee law firm] when he originated the underlying personal injury action; (d) [Referral Counsel] for the underlying personal injury action [ ] is headquartered in Philadelphia and litigated the underlying case out of Philadelphia; (e) the [Fee Agreement] between the personal injury plaintiff and [Referral Counsel] was made in Philadelphia; (f) the alleged [Referral Agreement] between [Appellee law firm] and [Referral Counsel] was made in Philadelphia; (g) [Appellant] resides in Philadelphia; and (h) a Philadelphia County[o]rphans’
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[c]ourt matter concerning the settlement in the underlying personal injury action is (or will be) currently pending and directly relevant to the case[?]
Appellant’s Brief at 5-6 (reordered for ease of disposition).
In his first issue, Appellant claims the trial court abused its discretion in
coordinating the Philadelphia and Montgomery County actions in Montgomery
County.
Our standard of review for an order of coordination is whether the trial
court abused its discretion. Pa. Mfrs.’ Ass’n Ins. Co. v. Pa. State Univ.,
63 A.3d 792, 794 (Pa. Super. 2013). The following principles guide our
review.
Where the record provides a sufficient basis to justify the order of coordination, no abuse of discretion exists. Whether we would have reached the same conclusion is immaterial. In exercising its discretion, the trial court should receive guidance not only from the enumerated [Pennsylvania Rule of Civil Procedure 213.1(c)] criteria … but also from the explanatory comment to Rule 213.1(c), which explains that the ultimate determination that the court must make is whether coordination is “a fair and efficient method of adjudicating the controversy.”
Washington v. FedEx Ground Package Sys. Inc., 995 A.2d 1271, 1277
(Pa. Super. 2010) (citations omitted).
Further, Rule 213.1 provides, in part, as follows.
Rule 213.1 Coordination of Actions in Different Counties
(a) In actions pending in different counties which involve a common question of law or fact or which arise from the same transaction or occurrence, any party, with notice to all other parties, may file a motion requesting the court in which a complaint was first filed to order coordination of the actions. Any party may file an answer to the motion and the court may hold a hearing.
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…
(c) In determining whether to order coordination and which location is appropriate for the coordinated proceedings, the court shall consider, among other matters:
(1) whether the common question of fact or law is predominating and significant to the litigation;
(2) the convenience of the parties, witnesses and counsel;
(3) whether coordination will result in unreasonable delay or expense to a party or otherwise prejudice a party in an action which would be subject to coordination;
(4) the efficient utilization of judicial facilities and personnel and the just and efficient conduct of the actions;
(5) the disadvantages of duplicative and inconsistent rulings, orders or judgments;
(6) the likelihood of settlement of the actions without further litigation should coordination be denied
(d) If the court orders that actions shall be coordinated, it may
(1) stay any or all of the proceedings in any action subject to the order, or
(2) transfer any or all further proceedings in the actions to the court or courts in which any of the actions is pending, or
(3) make any other appropriate order. …
Pa.R.C.P. No. 213.1(a), (c)-(d).
In particular, Appellant alleges that the “manifest weight of the relevant
Rule 213.1 factors [] all favor coordination in Philadelphia.” Appellant’s Brief
at 19. In particular, Appellant claims that the following factors militate in
favor of coordinating the actions in Philadelphia County: (1) the Philadelphia
County action was the first-filed and this factor should be determinative; (2)
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Referral Counsel has submitted an application in Philadelphia County for
approval of the settlement and attorney’s fees in the personal injury action;
(3) forum shopping motivated Appellee law firm to file its action in
Montgomery County; (4) Montgomery County is an inconvenient forum for the
parties, counsel, and witnesses, including the plaintiff in the underlying
personal injury action; (5) Philadelphia County has a primary and fundamental
interest in the conduct of the underlying personal injury action and any
litigation arising out of the fee generated therein; and (6) keeping the
litigation in Philadelphia County avoids the disadvantages of duplicative and
inconsistent rulings. Id. at 19-22.
In considering whether to coordinate these actions in Montgomery
County, the trial court noted that the parties both sought coordination. Thus,
it concluded, that factors one, three, four, and five are irrelevant to
determining which county is more proper. Trial Ct. Op., 7/2/18, at 5.
Following its analysis of Appellant’s argument and the remaining two Rule
213.1(c) factors—the convenience of the parties, witnesses, and counsel, and
the likelihood of settlement—the court concluded that coordination of the
parties’ nearly identical actions was appropriate in Montgomery County. The
Honorable Garrett D. Page has authored a comprehensive, thorough, and well-
reasoned Opinion in addressing the application of the Rule 213.1(c) factors.
After a careful review of the parties’ arguments and the record, we adopt this
trial court’s Opinion as our own and conclude that the court did not abuse its
discretion in ordering coordination of the parties’ action in Montgomery
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County. See id. at 5-7 (concluding that: (1) the location of the plaintiff in the
underlying Philadelphia County personal injury action is irrelevant to the
parties’ dispute over the referral fee; (2) there is no longer a risk of
contradictory rulings as the court coordinated the cases; (3) the Montgomery
County court is just as capable of receiving and respecting rulings of the
Philadelphia orphans’ court, which is holding in escrow the proceeds of the
personal injury settlement, as a Philadelphia County Court of Common Pleas
judge would be; (4) there is no reason to believe that the possibility of
settlement is increased by keeping the matter in Philadelphia; (5)
Montgomery County has a greater interest than Philadelphia County in
enforcing agreements entered into within this county; (6) on balance,
Montgomery County is more convenient for the parties, witnesses, and
counsel). Accordingly, we affirm.5
Order affirmed.
5 To the extent that Appellant presents to this Court a challenge to the trial court’s determination that venue is proper in Montgomery County, we note that, generally, orders sustaining the venue of the matter are not immediately appealable. See Pa.R.A.P. 311(b) (explaining that a party may appeal an order sustaining venue only if “the plaintiff, petitioner or other party benefitting from the order files of record within ten days after the entry of the order an election that the order shall be deemed final” or “the court states in the order that a substantial issue of venue or jurisdiction is presented.”). Because neither of the enumerated exceptions to the general rule are present in the instant case, Appellant’s attempt to appeal from the determination that venue is proper in Montgomery County is premature. We, thus, decline to address it.
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Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq. Prothonotary
Date: 1/22/19
-9- Circulated Received 7/19/2018 4:19:27 PM Superior12/18/2018 02:52 Court Eastern PM District
Fil�/2018 4:19:27 PM Superior Court Eastern District 1543 EDA 2018 "t(
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF MO 2018-08557-0028 71212018 3:44 PM # 11850040 Rcpl#Z3429198 Fee$0.00 Opinion CIVIL DIVI� Main (Public) MonlCo Prothonotary
ELLIOTT GREENLEAF, P.C. LOWER COURT DOCKET: NO. 2018-08557
v. 1543 EDA 2018 RICHARD DEMARCO
OPINION
Page, J. July 2, 2018
Defendant appeals from this Court's Order granting Coordination, Stay and Transfer
pursuant to Pa. R.C.P. 213.1 on May 22, 2018. For the reasons set forth below, Defendant's
appeal is without merit. Therefore, any claim of error on the part of this Court should be
dismissed and the ruling should be affirmed.
FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
In this case, an action for declaratory judgment was filed in Montgomery County on May
I, 2018. See Docket Entry Seq. 0. On May 2, 2018, a "Motion Pursuant to Pa.R.C.P. 213.1 for
Coordination, Stay and Transfer of Defendant's Overlapping and Duplicative Philadelphia
County Action" was filed. See Docket Entry Seq. I. Thereafter, an Objection was filed on May
11, 2018 by Defendant, a Reply Memorandum of Law was filed by Plaintiff on May 15, 2018, a
Sur-Reply was filed on May 17, 2018, and a Sur-Sur-Reply was filed on May 22, 2018. See
Docket Entry Seq. 3, 6, 11, 13. This Court's Order granting Coordination, Stay, and Transfer was
docketed on May 23, 2018. See Docket Entry Seq. 14.
The declaratory judgment action arises out of a Referral Fee arrangement between Elliott
Greenleaf and another law firm. Elliott Greenleaf is headquartered in Montgomery County. Elliott Greenleaf entered a written fee agreement with their client at their office in Montgomery
County. See Motion Pursuant to Pa.R.C.P. 213.1 for Coordination, Stay and Transfer of
Defendant's Overlapping and Duplicative Philadelphia County Action ,r 3. The Fee agreement is
between the firm and the client, not between the Defendant and the client. Id. at ,r,r 4-6. It was
determined that it was in the client's best interest to refer the case to Saltz Mongeluzzi, Barrett &
Bendesky PC. Id. at ,r 7. Thereafter, on August 6, 2014, Referral Counsel confirmed in writing
that it would pay Elliott Greenleaf a percentage of any legal fees which were recovered. Id. This
negotiation occurred in the Montgomery County offices. Id. Thereafter, the Defendant left Elliott
Greenleaf. Id. at ,r 12.
Elliott Greenleaf was advised on April 25, 2018 by Referral Counsel that the case had
settled, and confirmed the amount of the referral fee. Id. at ,r 16. A copy of the referral agreement
was included. Id. Subsequently, Defendant asserted that he was entitled to the referral fee. Elliott
Greenleaf filed their declaratory judgment action in Montgomery County on May 1, 2018, and
served it on May 2, 2018 following discussions with Defendant's counsel. Id. at ,r 18-20.
Defendant filed an overlapping complaint in Philadelphia County on May 2, 2018. Id. at ,r 21. Defendant had filed a writ of summons in April of 2018, which was unknown to Elliott
Greenleaf before May 1, 2018. Id. at ,r 21 Fn. 2. Both complaints seek declaratory judgment that
the respective party is entitled to the referral fee at issue.
On May 24, 2018, the Defendant filed a timely Notice of Appeal.
ISSUES
Defendant's Concise Statement, received in chambers on June 26, 2018, raises the
following issues:
1. Whether the Court erred in consolidating the Philadelphia case, DeMarco v. Elliot Greenleaf LLC, No. 180404064, in Montgomery County where venue does not lie against
2 DeMarco in Montgomery County because the victim in the underlying personal injury action lives in Philadelphia, the accident in the underlying personal injury action occurred and was litigated wholly in Philadelphia, DeMarco worked in the Philadelphia office of Elliott Greenleaf when he originated the underlying personal injury action, litigation co- counsel for the underlying personal injury action (Saltz Mongeluzzi) is headquartered in Philadelphia and litigated the underlying case out of Philadelphia, the agreement between the personal injury plaintiff in the underlying case was made in Philadelphia, the alleged agreement between Elliot Greenleaf and Saltz Mongeluzzi was made in Philadelphia, DeMarco resides in Philadelphia, and an open Philadelphia Orphan's Court matter is relevant to the case. 2. Whether the Court erred in consolidating the Philadelphia case DeMarco v. Elliot Greenleaf LLC, No. 180404064, in Montgomery County where the Philadelphia action was first filed, Elliot Greenleaf was terminated as counsel in the underlying personal injury case, the victim in the underlying personal injury action lives in Philadelphia and is seriously injured, the matter may be more conveniently litigated in Philadelphia, Philadelphia retains a stronger interest in the adjudication of a referral fee dispute in a Philadelphia case, litigating the matter in Philadelphia reduces the possibility of contradictory rulings, the likelihood of settlement is greater by keeping the matter in Philadelphia, and an open Philadelphia Orphan's Court matter is relevant to the case.
ANALYSIS
I. Venue
First, the Defendant challenges venue as improper. He claims venue does not lie in
Montgomery County. The Defendant then goes on to list numerous connections he claims this
action has with Philadelphia County and lists facts about the underlying action. That is irrelevant.
Venue can be proper in more than one place. The only question is whether venue also lies in
Montgomery County. Initially, Defendant has Preliminary Objections pending in Montgomery
County challenging venue which have not been decided. This Court also did not explicitly rule
on venue. However, because venue must be proper in Montgomery County for this Court to
coordinate the cases, this Court will address the propriety of venue in Montgomery County.
"An action against an individual may be brought in and only in a county in which [ ... ] the
cause of action arose or where a transaction or occurrence took place out of which the cause of
action arose."Pa.R.C.P. No. 1006 (a) (1). Further, the Pennsylvania Superior Court has held that
3 "in the absence of an agreement to the contrary, 'payment is due at the plaintiffs residence or
place of business, and venue is proper there in a breach of contract action alleging failure to
make payment.' Scarlett v. Mason, 2014 PA Super 76, 89 A.3d 1290, 1293 (Pa. Super. Ct. 2014)
(citing Lucas Enterprises, Inc. v. Paul C. Harman Co., Inc., 273 Pa.Super. 422, 417 A.2d 720
( 1980)) (internal citations omitted). The cause of action at issue alleges the non-payment of a fee.
That payment is due at plaintiffs place of business, in Montgomery County. Thus, venue is
proper in Montgomery County.
II. Consolidation
Defendant also alleges error in this Court's consolidation of the two matters in Montgomery
County. Appellate Courts "review an order coordinating actions for abuse of discretion by the
trial court." Pennsylvania Manufacturers' Association Insurance Co. v. The Pennsylvania State
University, 63 A.3d 792, 794 (Pa.Super.2013). "In deciding whether and where to coordinate
actions, the court must consider the totality of the circumstances, and examine in particular the
factors enumerated in section (c). If the court then decides that coordination is appropriate, it
may do so in any court in which one or more of the actions is pending. The choice of venue, like
the decision to coordinate, is left to the sound discretion of the trial court, and [the Appellate
Courts] will not reverse absent an abuse of that discretion." Wohlsen/Crow v. Pettinato
Associated Contractors & Engineers, Inc., 446 Pa.Super. 215, 220, 666 A.2d 701, 704 (1995).
Pa.R.C.P. 213.1 provides:
(a) In actions pending in different counties which involve a common question of law or fact or which arise from the same transaction or occurrence, any party, with notice to all other parties, may file a motion requesting the court in which a complaint was first filed to order coordination of the actions. Any party may file an answer to the motion and the court may hold a hearing.
4 (b) The court in which the complaint was first filed may stay the proceedings in any action which is the subject of the motion. Pa.R.C.P. 213.1 (a)-(b).
Further, Pa.R.C.P. 213.1 subsection (c) sets forth various factors, which the trial court is to
consider in deciding whether coordination was proper:
( 1) whether the common question of fact or law is predominating and significant to the litigation; (2) the convenience of the parties, witnesses and counsel; (3) whether coordination will result in unreasonable delay or expense to a party or otherwise prejudice a party in an action which would be subject to coordination; ( 4) the efficient utilization of judicial facilities and personnel and the just and efficient conduct of the actions; (5) the disadvantages of duplicative and inconsistent rulings, orders or judgments; (6) the likelihood of settlement of the actions without further litigation should coordination be denied. Pa.R.C.P. 213.l(c).
Here, both parties sought coordination of the cases. The parties merely disagreed on which
county should coordinate the cases. Therefore, factors one, three, four, and five are not relevant
to determining which county is more proper in this case. Those factors clearly weigh in favor of
coordination where neither party disputes that both the Montgomery County and Philadelphia
County actions are identical causes of action.
Defendant argues that Philadelphia County is the more proper venue because the victim in
the underlying personal injury case subject to the referral fee is seriously injured and there is a
Philadelphia Orphan's Court matter related to that settlement. These arguments misunderstand
the question before this Court. While it is true that the underlying case arises in Philadelphia, the
question this Court must address is whether the declaratory judgment action regarding the
referral fee is more closely related to Philadelphia or Montgomery County. It is clear to this
Court that the referral fee arose in Montgomery County. Defendant argues that litigating this
matter in Philadelphia will reduce the possibility of contradictory rulings; however, there is no
5 longer a risk of contradictory rulings. The cases have been coordinated, and no contradictory
rulings will be issued in this case. If Defendant has concerns that the Philadelphia Orphan's
Court rulings will in some way affect this case, this Court is certain that it is just as capable of
respecting the ruling of Philadelphia Orphan's Court as a Philadelphia Court of Common Pleas
Judge would be. This Court is also equally capable of receiving rulings from the Philadelphia
Orphan's Court should that become relevant and necessary to this litigation.
Further, there is no reason to believe that the possibility of settlement is increased by keeping
the matter in Philadelphia. This Court is available for Settlement Conference if desired by the
parties. There is nothing particular about the Philadelphia Court system that weighs in favor of
transferring the case to Philadelphia County. Nor would the likelihood of settlement have been
increased by denying coordination, which as was mentioned supra, both parties sought.
Judicial resources are clearly most justly and efficiently used by litigating an identical action
only once. This factor is met by coordination. The main consideration before this Court was the
convenience of parties, witnesses, and counsel, and the appropriate venue. Defendant argues that
Philadelphia has a stronger interest in adjudicating a fee dispute in a Philadelphia case. However,
this Court believes that Montgomery County has a greater interest in enforcing agreements
entered into within this County.
Finally, this Court gave due consideration to the convenience of parties, witnesses, and
counsel in this litigation. Elliott Greenleaf is entirely based in Montgomery County. The attorney
from Elliott Greenleaf who entered into the Fee Agreement on Elliott Greenleaf' s behalf works
and resides in Montgomery County. Additionally, Saltz Mongeluzzi has an office in
Montgomery County, and Robert J. Mongeluzzi and Larry Bendesky, named partners of the firm
providing the referral fee, reside in Montgomery County. See Reply Memorandum of Law,
6 affidavit of Colin O'Boyle. While it is true that Defendant DeMarco resides in Philadelphia, in
the balance of the witnesses, and in the totality of the circumstances, it is more convenient to
litigate this case in Montgomery County. After a consideration of the enumerated factors, and the
totality of the circumstances, this Court determined that coordination was proper in Montgomery
County. Thus, this Court did not misapply the law or abuse its discretion, and this claim must
fail.
CONCLUSION
For all of the aforementioned reasons, this Court's decision and order should be
AFFIRMED.
BY THE COURT: