Draper v. N. Am. Science Assocs., Inc.

2017 Ohio 2811

• Court: Ohio Court of Appeals
• Decided: May 12, 2017
• Docket: WD-16-041
• Status: Published

Opinion

[Cite as Draper v. N. Am. Science Assocs., Inc., 2017-Ohio-2811.]

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO SIXTH APPELLATE DISTRICT WOOD COUNTY

Crystal E. Draper Court of Appeals No. WD-16-041

Appellant Trial Court No. 16 CV 181

v.

North American Science Associates, Inc., et al. DECISION AND JUDGMENT

Appellees Decided: May 12, 2017

*****

Marc G. Williams-Young and William R. Menacher, for appellant.

Matthew O. Hutchinson and Eric W. Komuniecki, for appellee North American Science Associates, Inc.

Mike DeWine, Ohio Attorney General, and Anastasia K. Hanson, Assistant Attorney General, for appellee Administrator, Bureau of Workers’ Compensation.

PIETRYKOWSKI, J.

{¶ 1} Appellant, Crystal Draper, appeals from the July 12, 2016 judgment of the

Wood County Court of Common Pleas granting summary judgment to appellees, North

American Science Associates, Inc. (Draper’s employer) and the Administrator of the Bureau of Workers’ Compensation, and dismissing Draper’s appeal on the ground that

the trial court did not have subject-matter jurisdiction to consider Draper’s appeal. For

the reasons which follow, we affirm. On appeal, appellant asserts the following single

assignment of error:

The trial court erred in granting summary judgment in favor of

Appellees North American Science Associates, Inc., and the Administrator

of the Bureau of Workers’ Compensation.

{¶ 2} The trial court converted a motion to dismiss into a motion for summary

judgment, because the parties submitted affidavits with their motions and granted

summary judgment to appellees and dismissed the appeal on the ground that the trial

court lacked subject-matter jurisdiction. We note the trial court did not have to convert

appellees’ Civ.R. 12(B)(1) motion to dismiss into a Civ.R. 56(C) motion for summary

judgment since a “trial court has authority to consider any pertinent evidentiary materials

when determining its own jurisdiction.” Nemazee v. Mt. Sinai Med. Ctr., 56 Ohio St.3d

109, 111, fn. 3, 564 N.E.2d 477 (1990), citing Southgate Development Corp. v. Columbia

Gas Transmission Corp., 48 Ohio St.2d 211, 214, 358 N.E.2d 526 (1976), paragraph one

of the syllabus.

{¶ 3} On appeal, we review the trial court’s decision to grant or deny a Civ.R.

12(B)(1) motion under a de novo standard of review if we agree the facts are undisputed.

Smith v. White, 2014-Ohio-130, 7 N.E.3d 552, ¶ 25 (2d Dist.); Jenkins v. Eberhart, 71

Ohio App.3d 351, 355, 594 N.E.2d 29 (4th Dist.1991). In this case, while the trial court

2. considered the affidavits of the staff counsel at the Workers’ Compensation Bureau and

counsel for plaintiff during the administrative hearings, those affidavits merely

authenticated copies of the prior filings with and orders of the Industrial Commission and

there were no disputed facts regarding the court’s jurisdiction. Therefore, we consider

whether the trial court had subject-matter jurisdiction based on the undisputed facts of

this case.

{¶ 4} Draper filed a workers’ compensation claim on April 1, 2013, stating her

injury as: “checking incubators, picking up jars and pain started shooting through

hand/wrist area” and the injury was to her “right hand/wrist.” Draper’s application

further indicated that she was diagnosed by T. E. Lieser, M.D. with the condition of

“right thumb extensor tendonitis” and he indicated the injury was “causally related to the

industrial injury.”

{¶ 5} Draper’s application was disallowed on April 22, 2013, for “TENOSYNOV

HAND/WRIST NEC RIGHT WRIST” and “TENOSYNOV HAND/WRIST NEC

RIGHT THUMB.” Furthermore, the denial order noted that:

Medical documentation indicates the mechanism of injury is unclear. ER

report indicates the claimant actually had been experiencing pain with the

right wrist after being involved in a car accident on 03-01-13. Dr. Lieser,

M.D. notes it is clear the current right thumb and wrist complaints stem

from the 03-01-13 motor vehicle accident injuries.

3. Therefore, the commission found Draper “has not met * * * her burden of proof.” Draper

did not appeal this order.

{¶ 6} Approximately one year later, on July 8, 2014, Draper filed a second

workers’ compensation claim describing an injury of “repetitive motion involving both

hands opening between 200 to 400 jars a day.” The type of injury was noted as “bilateral

hands/wrists.” Draper asserts in her brief that her appeal from the order disallowing this

claim is still pending.

{¶ 7} In the following year, on October 20, 2015, Draper filed a C86 motion with

respect to the first claim seeking to have the Industrial Commission exercise its

continuing jurisdiction over the first claim, pursuant to R.C. 4123.52. She sought to have

the Industrial Commission vacate the April 22, 2013 order and reconsider her claim on

the ground that it contained two clear mistakes of fact. She asserted that: (1) the

Industrial Commission had disallowed her claim for a medical condition she had not

asserted and did not consider her claim for “right thumb extensor tendonitis” and

(2) Dr. Lieser reviewed the emergency Center report related to Draper’s March 1, 2013

automobile accident, a copy of which was not filed in the instant claim, and which noted

on page two that: “patient denies elbow pain, * * * wrist pain, * * * hand pain, * * *

finger pain.”

{¶ 8} On November 20, 2015, the district hearing officer denied Draper’s motion

for continuing jurisdiction on the ground of collateral estoppel finding that the “claim has

been previously disallowed.” Furthermore, the hearing officer held: “[T]he Staff

4. Hearing Officer decision in [the second claim] ruled on the issue of mistake of fact,

stating that the opinion of Thomas Lieser M.D. was an opinion that was not appealed, not

a mistake of fact. Therefore, [Draper] is precluded from asserting this defense in the

instant claim.”

{¶ 9} Draper appealed this order to the staff hearing officer, who on January 8,

2016, modified the order to state, in pertinent part:

The [first] claim was denied * * * based upon the medical evidence

on file. That order was not appealed. In addition, a subsequent claim was

filed * * * where the issue of the mistake of fact in Dr. Lieser’s order was

addressed. There was found to be no error * * * based upon the Staff

Hearing Officer order in that claim issued November 29, 2014. As a result

of the above, the Hearing Officer finds that this claim is res judicata. The

claim was not appealed from the Administrative order which cited specific

supporting medical, and the same supporting medical was not found to be

mistaken by subsequent order in a separate claim with the same individual.

Therefore, the staff hearing officer denied Draper’s requests.

{¶ 10} Draper appealed the staff hearing officer’s order to the Industrial

Commission and on February 3, 2016, it refused to hear the appeal. On March 28, 2016,

Draper appealed the order of the staff hearing officer to the Wood County Court of

Common Pleas pursuant to R.C. 4123.512. Appellees moved for dismissal of the appeal

pursuant to Civ.R. 12(B)(1), asserting that the trial court lacked subject-matter

5. jurisdiction and that the order of the staff hearing officer could only be challenged

through a mandamus action, not an appeal.

{¶ 11} The trial court found the issue raised in the motion for continuing

jurisdiction was unrelated to Draper’s right to participate in the workers’ compensation

fund. Instead, the trial court concluded that Draper should have appealed the original

April 22, 2013 order disallowing the claim on the basis that she asserted a specific

condition of tendonitis and the Industrial Commission disallowed the specific condition

of tenosynovitis. By the time of the October 19, 2015 motion, the trial court concluded,

Draper’s right to participate had already been denied. The trial court found that the staff

hearing officer’s additional finding that the claim was disallowed was “surplusage”

because the officer had already denied continuing jurisdiction. Draper sought an appeal

of the trial court’s judgment to this court.

{¶ 12} The jurisdiction of the common pleas court to hear appeals from an order of

the Industrial Commission is conferred solely under the Workers’ Compensation Act.

Benton v. Hamilton Cty. Educ. Serv. Ctr., 123 Ohio St.3d 347, 2009-Ohio-4969, 916

N.E.2d 778, ¶ 7, quoting Jenkins v. Keller, 6 Ohio St.2d 122, 216 N.E.2d 379 (1966),

paragraph four of the syllabus. Orders of the Industrial Commission which involve “the

claimant’s right to participate or continue to participate in the fund” are appealable to the

common pleas court. R.C. 4123.512(D). Bennett v. Adm., Ohio Bureau of Workers’

Comp., 134 Ohio St.3d 329, 2012-Ohio-5639, 982 N.E.2d 666, ¶ 17. After the right to

participate for a specific condition has been determined by the Industrial Commission, no

6. subsequent ruling is appealable unless it impacts the right to participate. Felty v. AT&T

Techs., Inc., 65 Ohio St.3d 234, 236, 602 N.E.2d 1141 (1992), paragraph two of the

syllabus.

{¶ 13} When the Industrial Commission has disallowed a claim, all compensation,

expenses, and awards of every kind must be denied because the commission has no

jurisdiction in such cases. State ex rel. Liposchak v. Indus. Comm., 90 Ohio St.3d 276,

279, 737 N.E.2d 519 (2000), citing Lewis v. Trimble, 79 Ohio St.3d 231, 244, 680 N.E.2d

1207 (1997), citing 3 Larson, Workmen’s Compensation Law (1996) 15-959 to 15-961,

Section 80.41. Except, R.C. 4123.52(A) grants the Industrial Commission the discretion

to exercise continuing jurisdiction to modify a prior order within a certain period of time.

That jurisdiction may be invoked by a party if one of five preconditions exists: “(1) new

and changed circumstances, (2) fraud, (3) clear mistake of fact, (4) clear mistake of law,

or (5) error by an inferior tribunal.” State ex rel. Gobich v. Indus. Commn., 103 Ohio

St.3d 585, 2004-Ohio-5990, 817 N.E.2d 398, ¶ 14, citing State ex rel. Nicholls v. Indus.

Comm., 81 Ohio St.3d 454, 459, 692 N.E.2d 188 (1998). “[A] motion for the exercise of

continuing jurisdiction cannot be used as a substitute for an appeal.” State ex rel. Blaine

v. Indus. Comm. of Ohio, 10th Dist. Franklin No. 14AP-689, 2015-Ohio-3568, ¶ 38. See

Benton v. Hamilton Cty. Educ. Serv. Ctr., 123 Ohio St.3d 347, 2009-Ohio-4969, 916

N.E.2d 778, ¶ 9-12 (“refusal of the Industrial Commission to discontinue a claim does not

involve the right of the claimant to participate” and the employer cannot “stand in the

position it would have if it had alleged fraud on appeal of the allowance of the claim”).

7. {¶ 14} Any order issued by the Industrial Commission relating to the statute of

limitations to exercise its continuing jurisdiction is reviewable on appeal to the common

pleas court pursuant to R.C. 4123.512 when that ruling impacts the right to participate or

to continue to participate. R.C. 4123.52(A), State ex rel. Hinds v. Indus. Comm., 84 Ohio

St.3d 424, 425, 704 N.E.2d 1222 (1999); State ex rel. Superior’s Brand Meats, Inc. v.

Indus. Comm. of Ohio, 63 Ohio St.3d 277, 280, 586 N.E.2d 1077 (1992); Afrates v.

Lorain, 63 Ohio St.3d 22, 584 N.E.2d 1175 (1992), paragraph one of the syllabus.

{¶ 15} However, a motion to have the Industrial Commission exercise its

continuing jurisdiction to modify a prior order based upon one of the criteria noted above

(a mistake of fact as alleged in this case), involves a discretionary determination of

whether the Industrial Commission should exercise its continuing jurisdiction to modify

the prior order. State ex rel. Saunders v. Metal Container Corp., 52 Ohio St.3d 85, 86,

556 N.E.2d 168 (1990) (mandamus is the appropriate remedy to challenge an order of the

Industrial Commission clarifying an allowed condition as a more specific condition than

that asserted by the claimant and found by the staff hearing officer). Such an order

cannot be challenged on appeal because it is unrelated to the right to participate or

continue to participate and, therefore, may only be challenged by filing an application for

a writ of mandamus. Id. See also State ex rel. Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati

Highway Co. v. Indus. Comm., 70 Ohio App.2d 41, 42, 434 N.E.2d 279 (10th Dist.1980);

Lane v. Bureau of Workers’ Comp., 2d Dist. Montgomery No. 24618, 2012-Ohio-209,

8. ¶ 31; Hudson v. Tomkins Indus., 118 Ohio App.3d 131, 138-140, 691 N.E.2d 1146 (2d

Dist.1997).

{¶ 16} It is clear from the orders of the district hearing officer and staff hearing

officer that neither officer considered the allegation that the prior order made an

erroneous reference to the specific condition asserted by the claimant. Because the claim

was disallowed for the reason that no occupational injury was suffered by Draper, any

error in stating the specific condition is moot. Draper could have raised the issue of

whether an occupational injury had occurred in an appeal of the prior order, and she

could have also argued that the specific condition denied was not the same as what was

asserted, but she did not. Without an occupational injury to a body part, there is no need

to determine if there is a causal relationship between the claimant’s specific condition

and the alleged injury. R.C. 4123.68; Paschall v. Mayfield, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No.

58748, 1991 Ohio App. LEXIS 3308, *4 (July 3, 1991).

{¶ 17} Both officers considered only the allegation that the claim had been

previously disallowed based on a mistake of fact as to Dr. Lieser’s medical opinion.

Both officers found that this issue was not an issue of a “mistake of fact,” which would

warrant the exercise of continuing jurisdiction to correct the error. Rather, both officers

concluded this was an issue of whether there had been an error in disallowing the claim

based on evidence in the record, and it was an issue which could only have been raised on

appeal from the prior order disallowing the claim. We agree that because no appeal was

taken, the issue is now res judicata.

9. {¶ 18} Accordingly, we find Draper’s single assignment of error not well-taken.

{¶ 19} Having found that the trial court did not commit error prejudicial to

appellant and that substantial justice has been done, the judgment of the Wood County

Court of Common Pleas is affirmed. Appellant is ordered to pay the costs of this appeal

pursuant to App.R. 24.

Judgment affirmed.

A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to App.R. 27. See also 6th Dist.Loc.App.R. 4.

Mark L. Pietrykowski, J. _______________________________ JUDGE Arlene Singer, J. _______________________________ Thomas J. Osowik, J. JUDGE CONCUR. _______________________________ JUDGE

10.