Dixon v. State

358 S.W.3d 250, 2011 WL 839689
CourtCourt of Appeals of Texas
DecidedDecember 14, 2011
Docket01-09-00340-CR
StatusPublished
Cited by21 cases

This text of 358 S.W.3d 250 (Dixon v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Dixon v. State, 358 S.W.3d 250, 2011 WL 839689 (Tex. Ct. App. 2011).

Opinion

OPINION

ELSA ALCALA, Justice.

Appellant, Anthony James Dixon, appeals a judgment convicting him for attempted aggravated assault with a deadly weapon. See Tex. Penal Code Ann. § 22.02(a)(2) (West Supp. 2008); Burke v. State, 28 S.W.3d 545, 548 (Tex.Crim.App.2000) (person commits aggravated assault by threatening imminent bodily injury and using or exhibiting deadly weapon during commission of assault); Tex. Penal Code Ann. § 15.01 (West 2003) (attempt is more *254 than mere preparation, and it tends but fails to effect commission of offense intended). In four issues, appellant contends the trial court erred by using a single verdict form, by failing to require unanimity in the acquittal of the greater offense before consideration of the lesser offense, by failing to instruct the jury on lesser-included offenses of deadly conduct and reckless driving, and by admitting out-of-court hearsay statements and a 911 call. Determining the trial court did not err in its jury charge and admission of evidence, we affirm the judgment.

Background

Shortly before 2:00 a.m. one night in May 2008, the complainant, Cherlyn Kelly, was a passenger in a truck driven by appellant, whom she lived with in Orange, Texas. Kelly was a drug addict who had relapsed by using crack cocaine and marijuana that night. Appellant, upset with Kelly for not sharing her drugs with him, refused to allow her out of the truck.

When he was about three blocks from the house where he lived with Kelly, appellant stopped the truck due to a problem with the gearshift. Kelly left the truck, angering appellant. They argued, with appellant shouting expletives as her. Kelly ran twice around one house and then around a green house at 504 Park. Appellant chased her in his truck while revving the engine loudly. He drove on the lawn of the green house, striking it and taking bark off a tree. Kelly stated that had she not fallen under the house, he would have run over her when he struck the house and tree, and she would have been killed or seriously injured. She stated that she feared for her life during the chase. The chase ended when the truck stalled in the middle of the road. Kelly was then able to call 911 by using the cell phone of a man who stopped to help. After that, she ran to her apartment, called 911 again, and within a short amount of time, saw the police arrest appellant.

Pamela Brown saw most of these events from her house across the street. Brown saw appellant arguing with Kelly before Kelly ran from the truck when it was stopped on the corner of Park and Fourth. Brown saw the truck chase Kelly, who ran screaming. Brown observed the truck follow Kelly and leave the roadway. Kelly ran around the green house and then between a tree and the house, before taking a right turn towards Fifth Street. Brown stated the truck followed Kelly while the engine was revved up high. Brown, however, expressed no opinion whether appellant was actually trying to run over Kelly.

Officers responding to the scene noticed that the truck had damage on the driver’s side with green paint that appeared to have been transferred from the green-colored house. A tree near the house had bark missing from being struck with the truck. Appellant denied striking the house, claiming he had dropped off Kelly at their apartment.

The complainant called 911 twice. The first 911 call was not admitted into evidence. The second 911 call was admitted over appellant’s hearsay objection. In the call, complainant is emotional with a quivering voice. She begins by giving her name and address, stating “Anthony James Dixon just tried to run me over again.” The 911 operator states, “Okay, someone is on the way.” Complainant then states, “I am at home, I made it home, somebody’s probably home.” The 911 operator asks if the complainant is hurt and she responds that she is not, explaining that she got away and made it through the houses. The rest of the call consists of the 911 operator obtaining the address and phone number of the com *255 plainant, and telling her that the police are on the way.

At 1:54 a.m., Officer Kemp was dispatched to the scene, where she stayed for about 20 minutes, until she went to Kelly’s apartment to speak with her. Officer Kemp described Kelly as “very visibly shaken, very upset, scared, excited, and crying.” When Officer Kemp asked her what happened, Kelly described in detail how appellant tried to kill her by running over her. Appellant’s attorney lodged a hearsay objection at trial to Officer Kemp’s description of Kelly’s statements.

A single indictment charged appellant with two paragraphs. The first paragraph charged aggravated assault by intentionally or knowingly threatening to cause bodily injury with the truck that was used as a deadly weapon. The second paragraph charged the lesser-included offense of attempted aggravated assault. The attempted aggravated assault alleged:

[Appellant] with the specific intent to commit the offense of aggravated assault, did then and there intentionally and knowingly use a deadly weapon, to wit: a truck, that in the manner of its use and intended use was capable of causing death and serious bodily injury, and did then and there intentionally and knowingly attempt to cause bodily injury to Cherlyn Kelly by trying to run over said Cherlyn Kelly with said truck, that amounted to mere preparation that tends but fails to effect the commission of the offense intended.

The jury charge included a single verdict form that allowed the jury three options: (1) to find appellant guilty of aggravated assault; (2) if it had a reasonable doubt about that offense, to find appellant guilty of attempted aggravated assault; or (3) if it had a reasonable doubt about any offense, to find him not guilty. Appellant’s attorney requested lesser-included offenses of deadly conduct, which he referred to as reckless conduct, 1 and reckless driving. The trial court denied the request.

During deliberations, the jury sent a written note asking, “If the panel is not unanimous on the first count but is unanimous on the second count, do we have to be unanimous on acquittal of first count before voting on second?” Appellant told the court to answer “yes.” Overruling appellant’s objection, the trial court answered the question, stating, “No. You may find him guilty on Count One or Count Two or find him not guilty.” The jury found appellant guilty of attempted aggravated assault and assessed punishment at 10 years in prison and a $5,000 fine.

Lesser-included Offenses

In his first issue, appellant contends the trial court erred by failing to instruct the jury on lesser-included offenses of deadly conduct and reckless driving. A defendant is entitled to a jury charge on a lesser-included offense if two prongs are met. Flores v. State, 245 S.W.3d 432, 439 (Tex.Crim.App.2008).

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Bluebook (online)
358 S.W.3d 250, 2011 WL 839689, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/dixon-v-state-texapp-2011.