Dickenson v. State

732 N.E.2d 238, 2000 Ind. App. LEXIS 1084, 2000 WL 1007001
CourtIndiana Court of Appeals
DecidedJuly 21, 2000
Docket12A02-9907-PC-489
StatusPublished
Cited by11 cases

This text of 732 N.E.2d 238 (Dickenson v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Indiana Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Dickenson v. State, 732 N.E.2d 238, 2000 Ind. App. LEXIS 1084, 2000 WL 1007001 (Ind. Ct. App. 2000).

Opinions

OPINION

BAILEY, Judge

Case Summary

Following a jury trial, Appellanh-Defen-dant James C. Dickenson (“Dickenson”) was convicted of Attempted Murder,1 a class A felony. This appeal arises following the denial of Dickenson’s petition for post-conviction relief. We reverse and remand.

Issue

Dickenson raises several issues for our review, one of which is dispositive. We restate that issue as: whether Dickenson is entitled to a new trial based on juror misconduct.

Facts and Procedural History

Dickenson was charged with the attempted murder of Jessie Stinnett. During voir dire, potential juror Tammy Stid-ham Lane (“Lane”) was asked whether she had a relationship with the defendant or potential witnesses in the case that would affect her ability to be an impartial juror. Lane did not acknowledge that she had such a relationship with Dickenson, who had been her neighbor during childhood. Lane stated that she knew a few of the potential witnesses, but that her ability to weigh the testimony of those witnesses would not be affected. Lane did not respond when the judge asked if any potential jurors had prior knowledge about the facts of the case. Lane was chosen as a juror.

During the examination of the jurors following the jury’s verdict of guilty, a family member of Dickenson’s, who had not been present during the evidentiary portion of the trial, recognized Lane. After further investigation, Dickenson filed a motion for an evidentiary hearing to determine juror misconduct and new trial, alleging that Lane had lied about her relationship to witness Karen Stinnett (“Karen”), who was the victim’s wife, and her pre-trial knowledge of the case. Along with his motion, Dickenson filed affidavits of persons who had seen Lane and Karen together, or who had overheard Lane and Karen discussing the incident prior to trial. At an evidentiary hearing to determine juror misconduct, the trial court questioned Lane about her answers on voir dire, and determined that Lane did not lie and was not biased or prejudiced against Dickenson. As a result, the trial court denied Dickenson’s motion for a new trial. The court refused Dickenson’s request to present witnesses who would testify to Lane’s relationship with Karen and her pre-trial knowledge of the case; however, Dickenson made an offer to prove, which consisted of testimony from four witnesses. The proffered testimony of those witnesses was subject to cross-examination by the prosecution.

Dickenson filed a praecipe and a record was prepared for direct appeal. However, this Court dismissed the appeal without prejudice so that Dickenson could pursue post-conviction relief. (P-C R. 19.) Dick-enson’s petition for post-conviction relief alleged several errors, but did not include Dickenson’s claim that the trial court erred by not finding juror misconduct and denying his motion for a new trial. (P-C R. 20-27.) Dickenson’s petition for post-conviction relief was denied. (P-C R. 59.) This appeal ensued.

Discussion and Decision

Dickenson contends that the trial court erred by not granting him a new trial on the basis of juror misconduct. Specifically, Dickenson argues that Lane lied in re[241]*241sponse to questions on voir dire, and during the hearing to determine juror misconduct. As a result, Dickenson argues that he was denied the opportunity to challenge the juror, and a new trial is warranted,

Initially, we note that Dickenson did not raise the issue of juror misconduct in his petition for post-conviction relief. Ordinarily, this would result in waiver of the issue. See Ind. Post-Conviction Rule 1(8). However, the right to an impartial jury is guaranteed by Article I, § 13 of the Indiana Constitution, and is an essential element of due process. Lahrman v. State, 465 N.E.2d 1162, 1169 (Ind.Ct.App.1984). Further, if it is established that a juror lied on voir dire, the defendant is entitled to a new trial. Lopez v. State, 527 N.E.2d 1119, 1130 (Ind.1988). Therefore, any error committed by the trial court in making a determination that there was no juror misconduct would substantially affect the due process rights of the defendant, and is therefore, fundamental. See Taylor v. State, 717 N.E.2d 90, 93 (Ind.1999) (holding that fundamental error doctrine applies only to violations of basic and elementary principles of due process, when harm or potential for harm cannot be denied). As a result, we will address the issue on appeal.

Standard of Review - Post-Conviction Relief

Our standard of review for cases where post-conviction relief has been denied by the post-conviction trial court is well settled. A post-conviction petition under Ind. Post-Conviction Rule 1 is a quasi-eivil remedy, and as such, the petitioner bears the burden to prove by a preponderance of the evidence that he or she is entitled to relief. McCurry v. State, 718 N.E.2d 1201, 1204 (Ind.Ct.App.1999). Upon review of a denial of post-conviction relief, the appellate court will not set aside the post-conviction court’s ruling unless the evidence is without conflict and leads solely to a result different from that reached by the post-conviction .court. Id. In making this determination, we consider only the evidence that supports the decision of the post-conviction court, together with any reasonable inferences to be drawn therefrom. Id.

Standard of Review - Juror Misconduct

It is misconduct for a juror to make false statements in response to questions on voir dire examination, and such is held to constitute reversible error because it impairs the right to challenge the juror, either peremptorily or for cause. Fuquay v. State, 583 N.E.2d 154, 157 (Ind.Ct.App.1991). Generally, proof that a juror was biased against the defendant or lied on voir dire entitles the defendant to a new trial. Lopez, 527 N.E.2d at 1130. A defendant seeking a hearing on juror misconduct must first present some specific, substantial evidence showing a juror was possibly biased. Id. In order to warrant a new trial, there must be a showing that the misconduct was gross, and that it probably harmed the defendant. Id. The issue of juror misconduct is a matter within the trial court’s discretion. Id.

Analysis

Following the jury’s verdict, Dickenson filed a Motion for Evidentiary Hearing for Juror Misconduct and New Trial. In his motion, Dickenson alleged that juror Lane lied on voir dire. Specifically, Dickenson alleged that Lane gave dishonest responses to inquiries regarding: (1) whether she had a special relationship with Dickenson that would make it difficult or impossible to be a fair and impartial juror; (2) whether she had any prior knowledge of the case; and (3) whether she knew any of the witnesses, including Karen, who were expected to testify at trial. At the evidentia-ry hearing to determine misconduct, the trial court again questioned Lane as to her relationship with Dickenson and Karen.

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Dickenson v. State
732 N.E.2d 238 (Indiana Court of Appeals, 2000)

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Bluebook (online)
732 N.E.2d 238, 2000 Ind. App. LEXIS 1084, 2000 WL 1007001, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/dickenson-v-state-indctapp-2000.