Dial v. Dial

44 S.W.3d 768, 74 Ark. App. 30, 2001 Ark. App. LEXIS 403
CourtCourt of Appeals of Arkansas
DecidedMay 23, 2001
DocketCA 00-864
StatusPublished
Cited by12 cases

This text of 44 S.W.3d 768 (Dial v. Dial) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Arkansas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Dial v. Dial, 44 S.W.3d 768, 74 Ark. App. 30, 2001 Ark. App. LEXIS 403 (Ark. Ct. App. 2001).

Opinion

Andre LAYTON ROAF, Judge.

In this case, we are asked to review the chancellor’s division of property pursuant to a divorce. Two particular matters are at issue: 1) whether appellant Marilyn Dial is entided to an interest in appellee Jesse Dial’s deferred retirement option plan, and 2) whether Marilyn Dial is entitled to an interest in a home owned by Jesse Dial prior to the marriage. We affirm the chancellor’s ruling with regard to the home, but reverse his ruling on the deferred retirement option plan.

Marilyn and Jesse Dial were divorced on April 5, 2000, after fourteen years of marriage. In the divorce decree, the chancellor divided the couple’s marital and nonmarital property in a relatively equal manner. Among the items designated as nonmarital property were a home owned by Mrs. Dial prior to marriage and a home owned by Mr. Dial prior to marriage. Each party was awarded his or her home, free and clear of the other’s interest. Most of the other property that had been owned by Mr. and Mrs. Dial was divided as marital property, including a checking account, certain funds in a credit union account, a certificate of deposit, a prepaid burial account, and each party’s retirement benefits. Mr. Dial was awarded a 50 percent interest in Mrs. Dial’s monthly retirement benefits, and Mrs. Dial was awarded a 22.5 percent interest in Mr. Dial’s monthly retirement benefits, which represented her one-half interest in those benefits that accrued during the marriage. However, Mrs. Dial was awarded no interest in Mr. Dial’s deferred retirement option plan (DROP) account. On appeal, she contends that the chancellor erred in failing to award her a share of the DROP account and that he erred in failing to award her any interest in the home Mr. Dial owned prior to marriage.

Before reaching the, merits of the case, we address the issues presented by appellee Jesse Dial’s motion to dismiss the appeal. According to Mr. Dial, Mrs. Dial has accepted certain benefits under the divorce decree, thereby rendering moot the issues she now raises on appeal. In particular, he refers to her receipt of $13,019.83, representing her share of the above-mentioned cash accounts, and her procurement of a qualified domestic relations order (QDRO) entitling her to 22.5 percent of his monthly retirement benefits.

In support of his motion, Mr. Dial cites the cases of Hendrix v. Winter, 70 Ark. App. 229, 16 S.W.3d 272 (2000), DeHaven v. T & D Dev., Inc., 50 Ark. App. 193, 901 S.W.2d 30 (1995), and Lyle v. Citizen’s Bank of Batesville, 4 Ark. App. 294, 630 S.W.2d 546 (1982), all of which stand for the proposition that if an appellant voluntarily pays a judgment, then an appeal from that judgment is moot. These cases are not applicable, however, because Mrs. Dial is not appealing from a judgment she has paid. More on point are those cases that recognize that an appellant waives her right to appeal once she accepts a benefit that is inconsistent with the relief she seeks on appeal. See Wilson v. Fullerton, 332 Ark. 111, 964 S.W.2d 208 (1998); Shepherd v. State Auto Prop. & Cas. Ins. Co., 312 Ark. 502, 850 S.W.2d 324 (1993); Thomas v. Thomas, 68 Ark. App. 196, 4 S.W.3d 517 (1999). The general purpose behind the rule set forth in Wilson, Shepherd, and Thomas is that a party should not be able to enjoy tbe fruits of a judgment and at the same time appeal that judgment. See Reynolds v. Reynolds, 861 S.W.2d 825 (Mo. App. 1993). However, courts have applied this rule less strictly in divorce cases. See id.; see also 5 Am. Jur. 2d Appellate Review § 636 (2d ed. 1995).

In Thomas v. Thomas, supra, we held that a person may accept part of the benefits of a divorce decree and appeal the remainder, if the part accepted and the part appealed from are independent. Here, the issues appealed from are undoubtedly independent of the cash benefits that Mrs. Dial has accepted as her share of certain marital accounts. The question is closer as to the retirement benefits awarded to her by the QDRO. Nevertheless, we do not find Mrs. Dial’s action in seeking the QDRO to be inconsistent with her arguments on appeal. There is no question that she is entitled to receive 22.5 percent of Mr. Dial’s general retirement benefits, no matter what the outcome of this appeal. Therefore, she was within her rights to ensure her ability to begin receiving those benefits upon Mr. Dial’s retirement.

Mr. Dial argues further that, by accepting benefits under the judgment, Mrs. Dial has restricted our ability and the chancellor’s ability to exercise flexibility in property division, should we determine that error occurred below. In reviewing this case, we have not found that to be a concern. The chancellor divided all marital property equally, returned to each party the property he or she owned prior to marriage, and awarded no alimony or child support that might be affected by a change in property division. Under the facts of this particular case, Mrs. Dial’s acceptance of benefits pending appeal has not impeded our ability, nor should it impede the chancellor’s ability, to effect an equitable division of property upon reversal. The motion to dismiss is denied.

Turning now to the merits of the case, the first issue concerns Mrs. Dial’s claim to a share of Mr. Dial’s DROP account. During the parties’ marriage, Mr. Dial was an employee of the Arkansas State Highway and Transportation Department. On October 21, 1998, after thirty years of service, Mr. Dial became eligible for retirement. However, instead of retiring, he continued to work for the Highway Department and began participating in the Arkansas State Highway Employees’ Deferred Retirement Option Plan. This plan allows an employee to continue working for up to five years while receiving retirement benefits as though he were retired. See Ark. Code Ann. §§ 24-5-201 to 204 (Repl. 2000). Those benefits are placed into an account and, when the employee actually retires, he may withdraw the accumulated benefits either as a lump sum or in annuity payments. Beginning in October 1998, monthly payments of $1,768.97 were placed into Mr. Dial’s DROP account. As of December 31, 1999, the balance in the account was $25,609.10.

With respect to the division of property in a divorce case, we review the chancellor’s findings of fact and affirm unless those findings are clearly erroneous. Jablonski v. Jablonski, 71 Ark. App. 33, 25 S.W.3d 433 (2000). A finding is clearly erroneous when, although there is evidence to support it, we are left, on the entire evidence, with a firm conviction that a mistake has been committed. Hooper v. Hoover, 70 Ark. App. 215, 16 S.W.3d 560 (2000).

In his initial letter ruling, the chancellor did not refer to the funds in Mr. Dial’s DROP account. Instead, he simply divided Mr.

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Bluebook (online)
44 S.W.3d 768, 74 Ark. App. 30, 2001 Ark. App. LEXIS 403, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/dial-v-dial-arkctapp-2001.