Opinion issued August 3, 2021
In The
Court of Appeals For The
First District of Texas ———————————— NO. 01-19-00781-CR ——————————— DEPHNE NGUYEN WRIGHT, Appellant V. THE STATE OF TEXAS, Appellee
On Appeal from Criminal District Court No. 3 Tarrant County, Texas Trial Court Case No. 1581714R
MEMORANDUM OPINION
A jury convicted appellant, Dephne Nguyen Wright, of capital murder and
assessed her punishment at imprisonment for life without the possibility of parole.
In two issues, she argues that there was insufficient evidence to corroborate accomplice-witness testimony and that the evidence was insufficient to support her
conviction for capital murder.
We affirm.
Background
The complainants in this case were Huong Ly and Long Nguyen, an elderly
married couple who owned a sewing shop in Arlington, Texas, where they lived.1
On June 10, 2012, their son-in-law, Chau Tran, called police to conduct a welfare
check on them, and their bodies were found in the closet. They had been bound,
beaten in the head, and had their faces taped with duct tape so that they ultimately
died of suffocation. Police developed an individual named Willie Guillory as a
suspect in the murders, and subsequent investigation eventually led them to Wright.
She was indicted for the murders based on allegations that she and Chau Tran
planned to get the complainants’ life insurance payout by paying Willie Guillory’s
uncle, Bobby Guillory, to commit the murders.
At Wright’s trial, the responding police officer testified that, when officers
arrived on the scene to do a welfare check, they discovered the complainants’ bodies
in a closet. The complainant’s hands had been duct-taped, as had their mouths and
1 Pursuant to its docket equalization authority, the Supreme Court of Texas transferred this appeal to this Court from the Court of Appeals for the Second District of Texas. See Misc. Docket No. 19–9091 (Tex. Oct. 1, 2019); see also TEX. GOV’T CODE § 73.001 (authorizing transfer of cases). 2 head. The apartment had been ransacked, and police found a marijuana cigarette and
beer bottle wrapped in a blue bandana at the scene. Investigators found DNA on the
marijuana cigarette, but they did not find a DNA match until several years later
when, in 2015, Willie Guillory was arrested in an unrelated case. He provided a
statement that in turn lead the police to other people involved in the murders of
Huong Ly and Long Nguyen.
Detective B. Stewart testified about his investigation into the murders in
Arlington. He questioned Chau Tran and other members of the family at the time of
the murders in 2012. Chau Tran initially cooperated with the investigation, but he
did not provide the police with any information or leads regarding who could have
murdered the complainants. Detective Stewart initially did not have any suspicions
that Tran may have been involved in the murders. After police traced the DNA from
the scene to Willie Guillory, Willie Guillory gave a statement that led police to
investigate his uncle, Bobby Guillory, also referred to at times as Bobby James
Guillory. Around the time of the murders in 2012, Guillory was engaged in a
relationship with a woman named Vy Nguyen, who had lived with Wright in
Houston at one time. The police questioned Wright, and, after that, Chau quit
cooperating.
Detective Stewart traveled to Houston to interview Wright. In a recorded
conversation, Wright denied knowing anyone named Bobby Guillory, but she
3 testified that she knew a man named James who told her he was a colonel in the
military and that he worked at Fort Hood. She stated that she was angry if someone
named Bobby was accusing her of something, and she expressed an intention to go
to Fort Hood to speak with the man she knew as James and figure out what was
going on. She also acknowledged knowing Chau Tran, who she stated was a former
client. She stated that she met Chau Tran in 2005 or 2006, and the last time she talked
to him was when he experienced his family tragedy. He stopped being her client at
that time. She testified that Chau Tran did not owe her any money currently, and she
stated that she usually charges in advance. When asked, “What happens if he doesn’t
pay you,” she responded, “I can’t even tell what’s going to happen. But usually, it’s
not going to be a nice thing to happen. I don’t have to do anything to them, things
just happen on its own.”
After Detective Stewart received information leading to the arrest of Bobby
Guillory, he was also able to obtain a warrant to search Wright’s home. During that
search, which was executed more than four years after the murders occurred, police
found a ledger or address book with a label stating “all customers sign in” on the
cover. It listed Chau Tran’s name and address as a customer, and the same book
included a list of names and birthdays, including those of Bobby Guillory and Vy
Nguyen. The address listed for Chau Tran was for a home he had moved into four
or five years after the murders. In Wright’s office, Police also found copies of Bobby
4 Guillory’s driver’s license and concealed handgun permit, a photo collage that had
multiple images of Chau Tran, and pages covered in cropped photos and symbols
that included Tran’s and Guillory’s images and names on the same pages.2 Police
also found “a multitude” of credit cards and “cash money.”
Danny Tran, the son of Chau Tran, testified that his grandparents, the
complainants, had been at his house in Arlington for a birthday celebration on June
9, 2012, the night of the murders. His grandparents left after dinner. The next
morning, on June 10, his other grandmother—who was Chau Tran’s mother and
lived in the same apartment complex as the complainants—called Chau to tell him
that a window screen was out of place at the complainants’ apartment. Danny stated
that Chau and his other family members drove to the apartment complex to check
the situation and that Chau ultimately called 9-1-1. Police searched the apartment
and then informed his family that his grandparents had been murdered.
Danny Tran further testified that he recognized Wright. He had visited her
house “a couple of times” with his father, Chau Tran, on trips to Houston that
occurred before his grandparents’ murders. He got the impression that Wright was
involved in “voodoo” because there were “a lot of charms and a lot of statues” and
things that he thought were “pretty weird” in her home. He knew that his father was
also “superstitious” and believed in voodoo as well. Danny knew that his father was
2 A sample of the documents recovered are included in an appendix to this opinion. 5 doing business of some kind with Wright, but he did not know the nature of their
business. Danny stated that the complainants owned a sewing shop and that his dad,
Chau, helped them run it.
Willie Guillory, who had also been charged with capital murder of the same
complainants, testified at Wright’s trial.3 He testified that, at the time of the murders,
he lived with his uncle, Bobby Guillory, who was abusive toward him. They lived
in the Houston area. Willie further testified that Bobby would pretend to be in the
military and would wear a military uniform, even though he had never served, so
that he could impress women and get discounts on meals. Willie testified that around
the time the murders occurred, Bobby had had an affair with Vy Nguyen, who lived
with Wright, so Willie had visited Wright’s house with Bobby on multiple occasions.
Willie stated that Wright was “like a mom” to him and treated him well.
On one occasion, while he was at Wright’s house, Willie heard her talking on
the phone to someone with a “really light” voice. Wright and this person were talking
about wanting two people dead, and Wright said that “they owed her some money
and that—that if [they] didn’t pay up, [she] wanted them dead . . . so they can collect
insurance money.” Willie testified that Bobby was in the room with Wright while
3 Willie Guillory, who was 16 years old at the time these murders occurred, was certified to stand trial as an adult. He waived his Fifth Amendment right not to testify in exchange for the State’s agreeing not to pursue capital murder charges against him and instead to prosecute him for first-degree aggravated robbery. 6 she had this phone conversation, and he had heard Bobby and Wright discuss killing
people on other occasions as well. Wright told Bobby that “she wanted them to pay
up or she wanted them dead.” Willie further testified that he recognized Chau Tran
as someone he saw one time at Wright’s house, but he did not know his name or
have any conversations with him.
Willie testified that he and Bobby committed the murders.4 He stated that
Wright did not want him to be involved in committing the murders—she had told
Bobby that Willie was too young and “too slow” to participate—but Bobby took him
anyway because he did not have anyone else to help him. He and Bobby went to the
complainants’ apartment twice. The second time, they entered the apartment using
a key that Bobby got from Wright, who in turn had gotten it from the man with the
“squeaky voice.” Willie testified that no one else was there when they first entered
the apartment, so they threw stuff around the apartment and searched for money,
jewelry and “stuff that [Wright] wanted,” including a gold chain and three Louis
Vuitton purses. They “staged” the apartment with the marijuana and the bandana to
make it look like a gang was involved. Willie testified that, after they waited a while,
Bobby got a message on one of his phones that the people were on the way home.
Willie also observed that Bobby received at least one text message from Vy Nguyen
4 The record indicated that Bobby Guillory had been tried separately for the murders and had been convicted. He was not called to testify in Wright’s case. 7 while they were at the complainants’ apartment. He described the murders in detail,
stating that he and Bobby struck both complainants, then bound them with duct tape
and put them in the closet. Willie stated that the woman, Huong Ly, did not seem to
know what was happening, cried out when he struck her, and tried to kick him.
Bobby called Wright on the way back to Houston to let her know it was done. The
next morning, he and Bobby burned the clothes they had worn during the murders
and then later went to Wright’s house to give her the stuff they had taken from the
apartment.
Chau Tran testified5 that he first contacted Wright when he and Huong Ly (his
mother-in-law and one of the complainants in the case) saw a newspaper
advertisement that Wright had “some kind of magic or voodoo to help with the
business.” He and Ly thought Wright could help with the family’s failing sewing
business, which Ly owned and Tran ran. They believed that the business might have
been cursed, and they paid Wright to remove the curse and give them other help.
Tran testified that they paid Wright using a credit card issued to the sewing company
and in cash for a few months. Business continued going down, and they sought
5 The State filed a “Motion to Grant Use Immunity to Witness Chau Tran,” stating that the State “hereby agrees and requests the court to order that [Chau Tran] be granted use immunity and that any evidence and testimony adduced through this witness or information derived therefrom may not be used against this witness in any adjudicatory proceeding” except for prosecution for perjury or for contempt of court. The trial court granted the motion. 8 additional help from Wright. Tran would take cash to her in Houston from time to
time, but he eventually owed her $280,000 for the services she provided over several
years. Tran testified that, when they realized they could not pay Wright, Ly was the
first one to suggest that they “let her die so we can use the [insurance] money to pay”
Wright.
Tran stated that he then told Wright about Ly’s insurance policy, and Wright
found somebody to kill Ly “so she can die and then we can get the money.” Wright
told him that she knew someone in the military who would do it, and he and Wright
spoke “several times” about the plan. Wright told him that if he agreed to pay her “a
certain amount, then [she] would . . . activate the plan for them to kill [Ly].” Tran
testified that Wright was also the person who decided that both Huong Ly and Long
Nguyen needed to die, because “they live together.” Tran met Bobby Guillory
through Wright and saw him at her house several times, but he never had any
conversations with him beyond general greetings.
Chau Tran further testified that, on June 9, 2012, the day of the murders, the
complainants were at his house for a birthday celebration. When they left, he
telephoned Wright to let her know that they were leaving. Tran testified that he made
the call using a prepaid cellphone with a SIM card that would not be traced back to
him. Tran testified that he told Wright where to find the key for the apartment, and
she told the killers where to find it. He knew when the complainants left the party
9 that they would die when they got home, but he did not know any of the details
regarding how the murders would occur.
After the murders, Chau Tran collected the insurance money and traveled to
Houston to pay Wright what he owed in cash. He testified that the bank did not allow
him to withdraw the entire $280,000 at one time, so he “had to take like $50,000
here and there until we had enough” to pay what he owed Wright. He lied to police
when they questioned him after the murders because he was scared of being harmed
by Wright’s voodoo and he believed Wright might be controlling him.
The State also presented some documentary evidence. District attorney
investigator M. Brown testified about various sets of phone records, stating that the
pattern of communication between Wright and both Chau Tran and Bobby Guillory
tended to connect her to the parties involved at the time of the murders. He stated
that he gathered phone numbers based on police interviews with various witnesses,
school records, and other transactions, but the process of procuring all of the records
was difficult because several years had passed. For example, Brown testified that
Bobby Guillory purchased two new vehicles in the months after the murders, and
Brown was able to track down the records for the phone number associated with the
financing documents for that purchase. Brown provided a summary of his findings,
indicating that Wright had been in regular contact with Bobby Guillory and with
Chau Tran around the time of the offense. There was no direct contact between Chau
10 Tran and Bobby Guillory. There was likewise no contact between the complainants
and Wright or between the complainants and Guillory.
Specifically, the phone records demonstrated that Wright made multiple
phone contacts to Vy Nguyen and to someone in the Arlington area on June 9, 2012,
the day the murders occurred. Some of the contacts between Wright and the
Arlington number occurred around 5:00 pm and then around 9:00 pm, which,
according to Brown, corresponded with the four-hour travel time between Guillory’s
home in the Houston area and the Arlington/Fort Worth area where the murders
occurred. Chau Tran’s phone records showed that he contacted Wright twice on the
morning of June 10, 2012—the morning that the complainants’ bodies were
discovered—and that they had phone contact several more times throughout the day.
There were also phone calls or texts between Wright and Bobby Guillory the day the
bodies were discovered and over the next few days.
Brown also testified that he noticed the pattern of the calls shifted around the
time of the murders. He testified that Bobby Guillory and Vy Nguyen called or texted
each other numerous times per day leading up to the day before the murders. But on
the day of the murders, there was no phone contact between the two on their regular
numbers, and normal phone contact between the two did not resume until the
evening of the day after the murders. This led him to conclude that, if they called or
texted one another, they used different phone numbers to do so. The regular phone
11 contact then picked up again after the murders. There was a similarly unusual pattern
of calls originating from a number that he could not identify, ending “713-261-
0000,” that made repeated contact with Wright through her business line only around
the time of the murders. Some of the calls between the “713-261-0000” number and
Wright’s business line occurred at the same time Chau Tran’s phone records showed
that he was calling Wright on her cell.6
Justin Driscoll, a forensic accountant for the prosecution, testified about the
financial records. The records for the sewing business’s account had some modest
income from clients but that business dropped off in the months leading up to the
murders. Instead, the majority of the payments made from the account went toward
premiums on life insurance policies. Driscoll also testified that records showed that
Bobby Guillory put $500 in cash down payments to purchase two brand new
vehicles. One vehicle was purchased the month after the life insurance policies paid
out to Chau Tran. The other was purchased five months later, again with a cash down
payment. These two purchases committed Guillory to payments for approximately
$53,000 worth of vehicles. Driscoll testified, however, that the cashflow in Bobby
Guillory’s accounts did not support such a purchase, and Driscoll did not believe
that Guillory could have saved the money for the down payments, nor could he have
6 Brown testified, “So on Chau Tran’s records, it would show Chau Tran calling DMC [Wright’s business number]. But oddly enough on this [record of DMC’s phone call history] it’s showing as a different number.” 12 covered the monthly payments, based on what his bank records showed. Driscoll
also testified that three different insurance policies made payments to Tran’s wife’s
account over several months, totaling approximately $800,000. The records show
that large amounts of money were likewise withdrawn from the account into which
the insurance payments had been deposited.
The jury was given an accomplice-witness instruction with regard to two
accomplice witnesses—Willie Guillory and Chau Tran—instructing that Wright
could not be convicted based upon Guillory’s or Tran’s testimony unless the jury
found the testimony true and unless their testimony “is corroborated by other
evidence tending to connect [Wright] with the offense charged.” The jury charge
further instructed the jury to make findings on two counts alleged in the indictment:
whether Wright was guilty as a party to capital murder of the two complainants in
the same transaction and whether she was guilty of solicitation of capital murder.
The jury found Wright guilty on both counts and assessed her punishment at
imprisonment for life without parole. This appeal followed.
Accomplice-Witness Testimony
In her first issue, Wright argues that the State failed to present any evidence
to corroborate the accomplice-witness testimony of Chau Tran and Willie Guillory.
She argued that while there was some evidence connecting her to the accomplices,
there was no evidence connecting her to the murders themselves.
13 A. Standard of Review and Relevant Law
An accomplice is a person who participates with a defendant in the charged
offense before, during, or after its commission with the requisite mental state. Smith
v. State, 332 S.W.3d 425, 439 (Tex. Crim. App. 2011). “A conviction cannot be had
upon the testimony of an accomplice unless corroborated by other evidence tending
to connect the defendant with the offense committed; and the corroboration is not
sufficient if it merely shows the commission of the offense.” TEX. CODE CRIM. PROC.
art. 38.14.
“When evaluating the sufficiency of corroboration evidence under the
accomplice-witness rule, we ‘eliminate the accomplice testimony from
consideration and then examine the remaining portions of the record to see if there
is any evidence that tends to connect the accused with the commission of the crime.’”
Malone v. State, 253 S.W.3d 253, 257 (Tex. Crim. App. 2008) (quoting Solomon v.
State, 49 S.W.3d 356, 361 (Tex. Crim. App. 2001)). We view corroborating evidence
in the light most favorable to the jury’s verdict. Brown v. State, 270 S.W.3d 564, 567
(Tex. Crim. App. 2008). If there are two views of the evidence, one tending to
connect the accused to the offense and the other not, we defer to the jury’s view.
Smith, 332 S.W.3d at 442. “[I]t is not appropriate for appellate courts to
independently construe the non-accomplice evidence.” Id.
14 “[T]he corroborating evidence need not prove the defendant’s guilt beyond a
reasonable doubt by itself.” Malone, 253 S.W.3d at 257. Nor is it necessary “that the
corroborating evidence directly connect the defendant to the crime[.]” Cathey v.
State, 992 S.W.2d 460, 462 (Tex. Crim. App. 1999). Instead, the corroborating
evidence must only link the defendant in some way to the commission of the crime
and show that “rational jurors could conclude that this evidence sufficiently tended
to connect [the accused] to the offense.” Malone, 253 S.W.3d at 257 (quoting
Hernandez v. State, 939 S.W.2d 173, 179 (Tex. Crim. App. 1997)). The
corroborating evidence need only “connect the defendant to the crime, not to every
element of the crime.” Joubert v. State, 235 S.W.3d 729, 731 (Tex. Crim. App.
2007); see State v. Ambrose, 487 S.W.3d 587, 598 (Tex. Crim. App. 2016) (“The
corroboration requirement in Article 38.14 does not apply separately to each element
of the offense charged or to each aspect of the accomplice’s testimony.”).
Although a defendant’s mere presence at the scene of the crime, by itself, is
not sufficient to corroborate accomplice testimony, such evidence “when coupled
with other suspicious circumstances, may tend to connect the accused to the crime
so as to furnish sufficient corroboration to support a conviction.” Malone, 253
S.W.3d at 257 (quoting Brown v. State, 672 S.W.2d 487, 489 (Tex. Crim. App.
1984)). The corroborating evidence may be direct or circumstantial. See Smith, 332
S.W.3d at 442. “If the combined weight of the non-accomplice evidence tends to
15 connect the defendant to the offense, the requirement of Article 38.14 has been
fulfilled.” Cathey, 992 S.W.2d at 462.
B. Analysis
Wright argues that “the only evidence presented at trial was the testimony of
two [accomplice] witnesses” and that the State presented no corroborating evidence
tending to connect her to the offense. This misrepresents the record. Excluding the
testimony of the two accomplices, we are left with the following evidence:
Police found the complainants murdered in their apartment in Arlington after
receiving a call from their son-in-law, Chau Tran. There was no indication that any
of the family members, including Chau Tran, had been present in the apartment at
the time of the murder. However, the police recovered a marijuana cigarette from
the murder scene that had Willie Guillory’s DNA. According to the testimony of
Detective Stewart, his investigation into Willie Guillory led police to also investigate
Willie’s uncle, Bobby James Guillory, both of whom lived in Houston at the time of
the murders. Detective Stewart also interviewed Wright and executed a search
warrant at her home in Houston. In her interview, Wright acknowledged knowing
someone named James, and she also admitted that Chau Tran had been one of her
customers. She testified that he had hired her for a problem with his business, which
Danny Tran testified was owned by the complainants. She testified that Chau Tran
did not owe her any money, but she also made threatening statements when asked
16 what would happen if someone owed her money: “I can’t even tell what’s going to
happen. But usually, it’s not going to be a nice thing to happen. I don’t have to do
anything to them, things just happen on its own.” Wright told Detective Stewart that
the last time she spoke to Chau Tran was around the time of the complainants’ death,
but her address book contained an address that was much more recent. Similarly, her
book contained several different references to Bobby Guillory.
Danny Tran likewise confirmed that Wright and Chau Tran knew each other,
were conducting some kind of business together, and that he had been in Wright’s
house multiple times. Danny Tran testified that he saw “a lot of charms and a lot of
statues” and things that he thought were “pretty weird” in Wright’s home, and he
testified that his father, Chau Tran, was similarly superstitious and believed in
voodoo. In Wright’s office, police found unusual drawings covered in writing,
symbols, and cropped photos that combined the names and images of Chau Tran and
Bobby Guillory. They also found copies of Bobby Guillory’s concealed handgun
license and driver’s license.
Finally, the State presented evidence that Chau Tran and his wife received the
insurance payout on several policies, the premiums for which had been paid through
the sewing business owned by the complainants and run by Chau Tran. The State
also presented phone records indicating that Wright had regular communications
with both Chau Tran and Bobby Guillory, but there were no connections directly
17 between Tran and Guillory or between the complainants and Guillory. Furthermore,
the phone records demonstrated a pattern of calls between Wright and Chau and
Guillory around the time the murders occurred.
Considering this non-accomplice evidence, we conclude that the State
presented sufficient evidence that tends to connect Wright to the charged offense of
capital murder. See Malone, 253 S.W.3d at 257; see also Smith v. State, 436 S.W.3d
353, 369–70 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2014, pet. denied). The State
presented evidence that Wright was the connection between Guillory—who directly
committed the murders—and Chau Tran—who received the insurance proceeds
following the complainants’ deaths. She had drawings, pictures, and other
documents linking Guillory and Chau in her office, and she was in phone contact
with both of them at the time the murders occurred.
Wright argues that this evidence “did nothing more than corroborate that [she]
was connected to the genuine murderers,” but this disregards the nature of the
evidence. She was not merely connected to either Bobby Guillory or Chau Tran; she
was the person who knew both Guillory and Tran, and she was the person in regular
contact with both at the time the murders occurred. See Smith, 436 S.W.3d at 370
(holding that sufficient corroboration was shown, in part, by appellant’s presence in
accomplice’s company at or near place of crime). She also complains that the
financial records “only show that accomplice Chau Tran acquired approximately
18 $850,000,” but “[n]one of the records show any funds being provided to [Wright],
not even a cent.” We conclude, however, that the State was not required to provide
corroboration of every detail or elements of the offense. See Ambrose, 487 S.W.3d
at 598 (“The corroboration requirement in Article 38.14 does not apply separately
to each element of the offense charged or to each aspect of the accomplice’s
testimony.”); Malone, 253 S.W.3d at 257 (corroborating evidence need not prove
defendant’s guilt beyond reasonable doubt by itself); Cathey, 992 S.W.2d at 462
(corroborating evidence need not directly connect defendant to crime).
Wright further argues that there was no evidence that Bobby Guillory received
any of the insurance money for his role in the crime because the two vehicles he
purchased after the fact were financed with very small down payments. And Wright
asserts that the phone records are not sufficient because it was undisputed that
Guillory was having an affair with Vy Nguyen, who lived with Wright at the time,
and thus the phones at Wright’s residence could have been used by someone other
than Wright. We are mindful, however, that if there are two views of the evidence,
one tending to connect the accused to the offense and the other not, we defer to the
jury’s view. See Smith, 332 S.W.3d at 442 (“[I]t is not appropriate for appellate
courts to independently construe the non-accomplice evidence.”).
We conclude that Wright’s connection to Bobby Guillory and Chau Tran,
other “suspicious circumstances” like the timing and nature of her phone contacts
19 with Guillory and Tran, and the direct and circumstantial evidence gathered at the
murder scene and from her office, support the jury’s determination that the combined
weight of this evidence tended to connect her to the offense. See Smith, 332 S.W.3d
at 442; Malone, 253 S.W.3d at 257; Cathey, 992 S.W.2d at 462; see also Trevino v.
State, 991 S.W.2d 849, 852 (Tex. Crim. App. 1999) (“Even apparently insignificant
incriminating circumstances may sometimes afford satisfactory evidence of
corroboration.”) (quoting Dowthitt v. State, 931 S.W.2d 244, 249 (Tex. Crim. App.
1996)).
We hold that, because a rational factfinder could have concluded that the
combined force of the non-accomplice evidence tended to connect Wright to the
offense, the State presented sufficient evidence to corroborate the accomplice
testimony. See Malone, 253 S.W.3d at 257.
We overrule Wright’s first issue.
Sufficiency of the Evidence
In her second issue, Wright argues that the evidence was insufficient to
support her conviction for capital murder because the State failed to provide
sufficient corroboration of the accomplice-witness testimony of Willie Guillory and
Chau Tran. See, e.g., TEX. CODE CRIM. PROC. art. 38.17; Munoz v. State, 853 S.W.2d
558, 560 (Tex. Crim. App. 1993) (holding that if non-accomplice evidence does not
connect appellant to offense, evidence to support conviction is insufficient resulting
20 in acquittal); Snyder v. State, 68 S.W.3d 671, 677 (Tex. App.—El Paso 2000, pet.
ref’d) (holding same). Because we have concluded that the evidence supported the
jury’s conclusion that the non-accomplice testimony and evidence tended to connect
Wright to the offense, we likewise find this argument unavailing.
To the extent that Wright argues that the evidence, including the accomplice
witness testimony of Willie Guillory and Chau Tran, was insufficient to support her
conviction, we disagree. We review the sufficiency of the evidence to support a
conviction by considering all of the record evidence in the light most favorable to
the verdict and determining whether any rational fact-finder could have found that
each essential element of the charged offense was proven beyond a reasonable doubt.
See Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 319 (1979); Adames v. State, 353 S.W.3d
854, 859–60 (Tex. Crim. App. 2011). We presume that the fact-finder resolved any
conflicting inferences in favor of the verdict, and we defer to that resolution. See
Jackson, 443 U.S. at 326; Clayton v. State, 235 S.W.3d 772, 778 (Tex. Crim. App.
2007). A person commits the offense of capital murder if “the person murders more
than one person during the same criminal transaction.” TEX. PENAL CODE
§ 19.03(a)(7)(A); id. § 19.02(b)(1) (providing that person commits offense of
murder if she intentionally or knowingly causes death of individual). Wright’s
conviction can be upheld if there was sufficient evidence that a capital murder was
committed by a principal actor other than Wright, and that Wright solicited,
21 encouraged, directed, aided, or attempted to aid that principal actor with the intent
to promote or assist in the commission of the capital murder. See id. § 7.02(a)(2).
In addition to the non-accomplice evidence set out in our analysis above, the
State presented the testimony of Willie Guillory and Chau Tran. Their testimony
indicated that Wright found Guillory to commit the murders so that Tran could
collect the insurance money. They both testified that she directed and aided in the
commission of the murders by making plans, providing communication between
Tran and Guillory, and otherwise encouraging the commission of the crime. Wright
argues that the character of the accomplices discredits their testimony and
undermines the sufficiency of the evidence to support her conviction. She points to
Willie Guillory’s other criminal history and his repeated lies during the course of the
police investigation; to aspects of Chau Tran’s testimony that seemed “ludicrous”;
and to Bobby Guillory’s actions impersonating a military officer. The issues,
however, go to the weight and credibility of Willie Guillory’s and Chau Tran’s
testimony. We defer to the jury’s credibility and weight determinations because
jurors are the sole judges of the witnesses’ credibility and the weight their testimony
is to be afforded. Winfrey v. State, 393 S.W.3d 763, 768 (Tex. Crim. App. 2013).
Furthermore, we must presume that the jury resolved any conflicts in the evidence
in favor of the verdict, and we defer to that resolution. See Jackson, 443 U.S. at 326;
Clayton, 235 S.W.3d at 778.
22 We thus conclude that the evidence was sufficient, in light of all the evidence,
that the jury rationally could have found each essential element of the offense of
capital murder beyond a reasonable doubt. See Jackson, 443 U.S. at 319.
We overrule Wright’s second issue.
Conclusion
We affirm the judgment of the trial court.
Richard Hightower Justice
Panel consists of Justices Kelly, Landau, and Hightower.
Do not publish. TEX. R. APP. P. 47.2(b).
23 Appendix
24 25