3 Angel Michael Crockford, 2:25-cv-00917-JAD-MDC 4 Plaintiff(s), ORDER 5 vs. Clark County Department of Family Services, et 6 al., 7 Defendant(s). 8 Pending before the Court are various motions. For the reasons stated below, the 9 • Motion for Pro Se Litigant to File Electronically (ECF No. 6) is GRANTED. 10 • Motion for Appointment of Counsel (ECF No. 15) is DENIED without prejudice. 11 • Motion to Extend Time (ECF No. 16) is GRANTED in part. 14 This is a case arising from alleged constitutional violations during a child custody dispute. 15 Plaintiff alleges that his Fourteenth Amendment Due Process rights were violated. Plaintiff brings his 16 case under 42 U.S.C. § 1983. 17 II. MOTION TO FILE ELECTRONICALLY (ECF No. 6) 18 Pending before the Court is plaintiff’s Motion for Pro Se Litigant to File Electronically (ECF 19 No. 6). Plaintiff seeks permission to “electronically file documents through the Court’s CM/ECF system 20 for efficiency and convenience.” Id. at 2. Plaintiff asserts that he is “familiar with the CM/ECF system 21 and will comply with all electronic filing rules and requirements.” Id. Local Rule IC 2-1(b) provides that 22 “[a] pro se litigant may request the court’s authorization to register as a filer in a specific case.” Plaintiff 23 appears to have a word processing program, therefore the Court grant’s the motion to file electronically. 24 // 25 // 1 III. MOTION FOR APPOINTMENT OF COUNSEL (ECF No. 15) 2 Pending before the Court is pro se defendant Alicia Renee Cuscianna/Crockford’s Motion for 3 Appointment of Counsel (ECF No. 15). For the reasons stated below, the Court denies the motion 4 without prejudice. 5 A. Legal Standard 6 A litigant does not have a constitutional right to appointed counsel in 42 U.S.C. § 1983 civil 7 rights claims. Storseth v. Spellman, 654 F.2d 1349, 1353 (9th Cir. 1981). While federal courts are 8 empowered to request an attorney to represent an indigent civil litigant under 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(1), 9 the court can only grant such requests under extraordinary circumstances. United States v. 30.64 Acres 10 of Land, 795 F.2d 796, 799-800 (9th Cir. 1986); Wilborn v. Escalderon, 789 F.2d 1328, 1331 (9th Cir. 11 1986). A finding of such exceptional circumstances requires that the court evaluate both the likelihood 12 of plaintiff's success on the merits and the pro se litigant's ability to articulate his claims in light of the 13 complexity of the legal issues involved. A court may find that “exceptional circumstances” exist if a 14 claim is either factually or legally complex. See, e.g., McElyea v. Babbitt, 833 F.2d 196, 200 n.3 (9th 15 Cir. 1987) (per curiam) (suggesting that a plaintiff's claim concerning the provision of religious books in 16 prison raises “complicated constitutional issues”). Neither factor is controlling; both must be viewed 17 together in making the finding. Terrell v. Brewer, 935 F.2d 1015. 1017 (9th Cir. 1991), citing Wilborn, 18 supra, 789 F.2d at 1331. 19 B. Analysis 20 The Court finds that defendant Cusciana/Crockford has failed to show that exceptional 21 circumstances exist to warrant appointment counsel. Defendant states she “is currently without legal 22 representation and is unable to afford an attorney.” ECF No. 15 at 2. Neither the lack of adequate legal 23 knowledge, lack of resources, nor desire to ensure justice are exceptional circumstances warranting the 24 appointment of counsel. Zamaro v. Moonga, 656 Fed. Appx. 297, 299 (9th Cir. 2016); Wood v. 25 Housewright, 900 F.2d 1332, 1335 (9th Cir. 1990); see also Sands v. Lewis, 886 F.2d 1166, 1169 (9th 1 Cir. 1989) ("[T]he Constitution does not require the elimination of all economic, intellectual, and 2 technological barriers to litigation."). Therefore, defendant’s motion for appointment of counsel is 3 denied without prejudice. 4 IV. MOTION TO EXTEND TIME (ECF No. 16) 5 The Court notes that defendant Cusciana/Crockford’s Motion to Extend Time (ECF No. 16) is the 6 same document as her Motion for Appointment of Counsel (ECF No. 15). It appears that defendant has 7 file a motion, seeking two forms of relief on one document. Pursuant to LR IC 2-2(b), a separate 8 document must be filed for each type of relief sought. Defendant is cautioned that in the future she must 9 comply with the local and federal rules. Carter v. Comm'r of Internal Revenue, 784 F.2d 1006, 1008 (9th 10 Cir. 1986) (pro se litigants expected to abide by the rules of the court in which litigation proceeds). 11 Pursuant to Rule 12(a) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, “a defendant must serve an 12 answer within 21-days after being served with the summons and complaint” or “within 60 days” if it has 13 “timely waived service.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(a)(1). Defendant was served on June 2, 2025. See ECF No. 14 10. There is no indication that defendant waived service. Therefore, the time to file an answer was 21- 15 days from the date of service. 16 Defendant Cusciana/Crockford seeks a 90-day extension to file a proper response to plaintiff’s 17 Complaint. See ECF No. 16 at 2. Defendant has failed to provide any points and authorities in support of 18 her relief. Specifically, defendant has not shown that a 90-day extension to file a response to the 19 complaint is warranted. LR 7-2(d) (“The failure of a moving party to file points and authorities in 20 support of the motion constitutes a consent to the denial of the motion.”). However, the Court 21 acknowledges that defendant’s pro se status may require additional time to file a response, and grants in 22 part the motion for extension of time. The Court will grant defendant 45-days to file a response to 23 plaintiff’s complaint. 24 25 2 IT IS ORDERED that: 3 1. The Motion for Pro Se Litigant to File Electronically (ECF No. 6) is GRANTED with the 4 following provisions: 5 a. Plaintiffis authorized to register as a filer in this case. LR IC 2-1(b) 6 b. Plaintiff must submit a completed registration form available on the court’s 7 website at https://www.nvd.uscourts.gov/e-filing-permission/. 8 c. Once registered, plaintiff must comply with all Local Rules, especially LI IC 2-2. 9 2. The Motion for Appointment of Counsel (ECF No. 15) 1s DENIED without prejudice. 10 3. The Motion for Extension of Time (ECF No. 16) is GRANTED in part as follows: " a. Defendant Cusciana/Crockford shall respond to the complaint within 45-days 12 form the date of this Order. 13 4 DATED this 15th day of July 2025.
IT IS SO ORDERED. Ba 6 LE f / 7 Hon. Maximiliang/®.
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3 Angel Michael Crockford, 2:25-cv-00917-JAD-MDC 4 Plaintiff(s), ORDER 5 vs. Clark County Department of Family Services, et 6 al., 7 Defendant(s). 8 Pending before the Court are various motions. For the reasons stated below, the 9 • Motion for Pro Se Litigant to File Electronically (ECF No. 6) is GRANTED. 10 • Motion for Appointment of Counsel (ECF No. 15) is DENIED without prejudice. 11 • Motion to Extend Time (ECF No. 16) is GRANTED in part. 14 This is a case arising from alleged constitutional violations during a child custody dispute. 15 Plaintiff alleges that his Fourteenth Amendment Due Process rights were violated. Plaintiff brings his 16 case under 42 U.S.C. § 1983. 17 II. MOTION TO FILE ELECTRONICALLY (ECF No. 6) 18 Pending before the Court is plaintiff’s Motion for Pro Se Litigant to File Electronically (ECF 19 No. 6). Plaintiff seeks permission to “electronically file documents through the Court’s CM/ECF system 20 for efficiency and convenience.” Id. at 2. Plaintiff asserts that he is “familiar with the CM/ECF system 21 and will comply with all electronic filing rules and requirements.” Id. Local Rule IC 2-1(b) provides that 22 “[a] pro se litigant may request the court’s authorization to register as a filer in a specific case.” Plaintiff 23 appears to have a word processing program, therefore the Court grant’s the motion to file electronically. 24 // 25 // 1 III. MOTION FOR APPOINTMENT OF COUNSEL (ECF No. 15) 2 Pending before the Court is pro se defendant Alicia Renee Cuscianna/Crockford’s Motion for 3 Appointment of Counsel (ECF No. 15). For the reasons stated below, the Court denies the motion 4 without prejudice. 5 A. Legal Standard 6 A litigant does not have a constitutional right to appointed counsel in 42 U.S.C. § 1983 civil 7 rights claims. Storseth v. Spellman, 654 F.2d 1349, 1353 (9th Cir. 1981). While federal courts are 8 empowered to request an attorney to represent an indigent civil litigant under 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(1), 9 the court can only grant such requests under extraordinary circumstances. United States v. 30.64 Acres 10 of Land, 795 F.2d 796, 799-800 (9th Cir. 1986); Wilborn v. Escalderon, 789 F.2d 1328, 1331 (9th Cir. 11 1986). A finding of such exceptional circumstances requires that the court evaluate both the likelihood 12 of plaintiff's success on the merits and the pro se litigant's ability to articulate his claims in light of the 13 complexity of the legal issues involved. A court may find that “exceptional circumstances” exist if a 14 claim is either factually or legally complex. See, e.g., McElyea v. Babbitt, 833 F.2d 196, 200 n.3 (9th 15 Cir. 1987) (per curiam) (suggesting that a plaintiff's claim concerning the provision of religious books in 16 prison raises “complicated constitutional issues”). Neither factor is controlling; both must be viewed 17 together in making the finding. Terrell v. Brewer, 935 F.2d 1015. 1017 (9th Cir. 1991), citing Wilborn, 18 supra, 789 F.2d at 1331. 19 B. Analysis 20 The Court finds that defendant Cusciana/Crockford has failed to show that exceptional 21 circumstances exist to warrant appointment counsel. Defendant states she “is currently without legal 22 representation and is unable to afford an attorney.” ECF No. 15 at 2. Neither the lack of adequate legal 23 knowledge, lack of resources, nor desire to ensure justice are exceptional circumstances warranting the 24 appointment of counsel. Zamaro v. Moonga, 656 Fed. Appx. 297, 299 (9th Cir. 2016); Wood v. 25 Housewright, 900 F.2d 1332, 1335 (9th Cir. 1990); see also Sands v. Lewis, 886 F.2d 1166, 1169 (9th 1 Cir. 1989) ("[T]he Constitution does not require the elimination of all economic, intellectual, and 2 technological barriers to litigation."). Therefore, defendant’s motion for appointment of counsel is 3 denied without prejudice. 4 IV. MOTION TO EXTEND TIME (ECF No. 16) 5 The Court notes that defendant Cusciana/Crockford’s Motion to Extend Time (ECF No. 16) is the 6 same document as her Motion for Appointment of Counsel (ECF No. 15). It appears that defendant has 7 file a motion, seeking two forms of relief on one document. Pursuant to LR IC 2-2(b), a separate 8 document must be filed for each type of relief sought. Defendant is cautioned that in the future she must 9 comply with the local and federal rules. Carter v. Comm'r of Internal Revenue, 784 F.2d 1006, 1008 (9th 10 Cir. 1986) (pro se litigants expected to abide by the rules of the court in which litigation proceeds). 11 Pursuant to Rule 12(a) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, “a defendant must serve an 12 answer within 21-days after being served with the summons and complaint” or “within 60 days” if it has 13 “timely waived service.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(a)(1). Defendant was served on June 2, 2025. See ECF No. 14 10. There is no indication that defendant waived service. Therefore, the time to file an answer was 21- 15 days from the date of service. 16 Defendant Cusciana/Crockford seeks a 90-day extension to file a proper response to plaintiff’s 17 Complaint. See ECF No. 16 at 2. Defendant has failed to provide any points and authorities in support of 18 her relief. Specifically, defendant has not shown that a 90-day extension to file a response to the 19 complaint is warranted. LR 7-2(d) (“The failure of a moving party to file points and authorities in 20 support of the motion constitutes a consent to the denial of the motion.”). However, the Court 21 acknowledges that defendant’s pro se status may require additional time to file a response, and grants in 22 part the motion for extension of time. The Court will grant defendant 45-days to file a response to 23 plaintiff’s complaint. 24 25 2 IT IS ORDERED that: 3 1. The Motion for Pro Se Litigant to File Electronically (ECF No. 6) is GRANTED with the 4 following provisions: 5 a. Plaintiffis authorized to register as a filer in this case. LR IC 2-1(b) 6 b. Plaintiff must submit a completed registration form available on the court’s 7 website at https://www.nvd.uscourts.gov/e-filing-permission/. 8 c. Once registered, plaintiff must comply with all Local Rules, especially LI IC 2-2. 9 2. The Motion for Appointment of Counsel (ECF No. 15) 1s DENIED without prejudice. 10 3. The Motion for Extension of Time (ECF No. 16) is GRANTED in part as follows: " a. Defendant Cusciana/Crockford shall respond to the complaint within 45-days 12 form the date of this Order. 13 4 DATED this 15th day of July 2025.
IT IS SO ORDERED. Ba 6 LE f / 7 Hon. Maximiliang/®. Copvittier III Unit States Mayistrate Judge NOTICE fy! 9 Pursuant to Local Rules IB 3-1 and IB 3-2, a party may object to orders and reports and recommendations issued by the magistrate judge. Objections must be in writing and filed with the Clerk of the Court within fourteen days. LR IB 3-1, 3-2. The Supreme Court has held that the courts of appeal 22 may determine that an appeal has been waived due to the failure to file objections within the specified Il time. Thomas v. Arn, 474 U.S. 140, 142 (1985). “4 This circuit has also held that (1) failure to file objections within the specified time and (2) °5 failure to properly address and brief the objectionable issues waives the right to appeal the District
1 Court's order and/or appeal factual issues from the order of the District Court. Martinez v. Ylst, 951 F.2d 2 1153, 1157 (9th Cir. 1991); Britt v. Simi Valley United Sch. Dist., 708 F.2d 452, 454 (9th Cir. 1983). 3 Pursuant to LR IA 3-1, the plaintiff must immediately file written notification with the court of any 4 change of address. The notification must include proof of service upon each opposing party’s attorney, 5 or upon the opposing party if the party is unrepresented by counsel. Failure to comply with this rule may 6 result in dismissal of the action.
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