Crawford v. State

597 S.E.2d 403, 278 Ga. 95, 2004 Fulton County D. Rep. 1911, 2004 Ga. LEXIS 455
CourtSupreme Court of Georgia
DecidedJune 7, 2004
DocketS04A0589
StatusPublished
Cited by23 cases

This text of 597 S.E.2d 403 (Crawford v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of Georgia primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Crawford v. State, 597 S.E.2d 403, 278 Ga. 95, 2004 Fulton County D. Rep. 1911, 2004 Ga. LEXIS 455 (Ga. 2004).

Opinions

Thompson, Justice.

In 1984 Eddie Crawford was convicted and sentenced to death for the murder of his 29-month-old niece, Leslie English. This first conviction was reversed on appeal to this Court based on an ambiguity in the jury’s verdict. Crawford v. State, 254 Ga. 435 (330 SE2d 567) (1985). Crawford was then retried in 1987, whereupon he was again convicted and sentenced to death. Crawford v. State, 257 Ga. 681 (362 SE2d 201) (1987). Crawford’s subsequent state and federal habeas petitions failed. See Crawford v. Head, 311 F3d 1288 (2002), cert. denied, 540 U. S. 956 (124 SC 408, 157 LE2d 293) (2003). On October 15, 2003, Crawford filed an extraordinary motion for new trial that included a request for DNA testing of certain items not [96]*96previously tested or used as evidence at his trial. For the reasons set forth below, we conclude that this appeal has been properly classified as an application for discretionary appeal, and we affirm the trial court’s denial of Crawford’s request for DNA testing.

1. Upon the denial of his extraordinary motion for new trial and the denial of his related motion for DNA testing, Crawford filed a notice of appeal in the trial court and a brief in this Court. This Court construed Crawford’s brief as an application for discretionary appeal, granted that application, and granted a stay of execution in order to consider, not only the merits of Crawford’s case, but also any questions concerning the proper form of appeal applicable in such cases.

At least prior to the 2003 amendment of OCGA § 5-5-41 which added subsection (c), the denial of an extraordinary motion for new trial unrelated to an original appeal could only be appealed by the filing of an application for discretionary appeal in the proper appellate court. OCGA § 5-6-35 (a) (7). Crawford argues, however, that he is entitled to a direct appeal of the trial court’s denial of his request for DNA testing based upon the following portion of the recent amendment to OCGA § 5-5-41:

The petitioner or the state may appeal an order, decision, or judgment rendered pursuant to this Code section.

OCGA § 5-5-41 (c) (13). We conclude that this language emphasizes the General Assembly’s intent that the denial of a motion seeking DNA testing made as part of an extraordinary motion for new trial be recognized as an appealable issue, but we also conclude that the filing of an application for discretionary appeal is the proper form of appeal in such a case. Concluding otherwise would yield the absurd result that the denial of an extraordinary motion for new trial would be appealable only as a discretionary appeal while the denial of a motion seeking DNA testing filed as part of that extraordinary motion for new trial would be appealable directly.

2. Crawford contends the trial court erred both by failing to conduct a hearing on his request for DNA testing and by denying that request for DNA testing. We disagree with both contentions.

(a) The newly-adopted DNA testing statute requires a trial court to conduct a hearing only if a defendant’s motion “complies with the requirements of paragraphs (3) and (4)” of the statute. OCGA§ 5-5-41 (c) (6) (A). The trial court found that Crawford had failed to comply with the requirement of paragraph (3) that a defendant must show in his or her motion for DNA testing that

[t]he requested DNA testing would raise a reasonable probability that the [defendant] would have been acquitted if the [97]*97results of DNA testing had been available at the time of conviction, in light of all the evidence in the case.

OCGA § 5-5-41 (c) (3) (D). Crawford argues that this requirement, along with the other requirements of paragraphs (3) and (4), may be satisfied by a mere assertion in a motion seeking DNA testing that the requirement has been met. Crawford is correct in this argument insofar as it regards paragraph (4), which requires merely that a petitioner “state” that his or her motion for DNA testing is not being made for the purpose of delay and that the request for DNA testing is either being made for the first time or, if made previously in another court, has never been granted previously. OCGA § 5-5-41 (c) (4). These two prerequisites in paragraph (4) are simple matters that require no detailed explanation in a petitioner’s motion. In contrast, however, paragraph (3) requires that the petitioner “show” certain things, including how the possible results of the requested DNA testing would in reasonable probability have led to the petitioner’s acquittal if those hypothetical results had been available at the time of the petitioner’s original trial. OCGA § 5-5-41 (c) (3). Requiring a petitioner to “show” a possible DNA testing result and to “show” the relevance of that hypothetical result is not tantamount to requiring the petitioner to “prove” the hypothetical result will be obtained through actual testing. However, if the DNA testing results hypothesized in a petitioner’s motion, even when assumed valid, would not in reasonable probability have led to the petitioner’s acquittal if those results had been available at trial, a hearing on the petitioner’s motion requesting DNA testing would be unnecessary.

(b) Upon our review of the trial record and the record of Crawford’s extraordinary motion for new trial, we conclude the trial court did not err in concluding that Crawford’s motion for DNA testing failed to set forth a showing that the requested DNA testing might have yielded results that in reasonable probability would have led to his acquittal if those results had been available at his original trial. We find that the trial court, after referencing discussions of Crawford’s requests for DNA testing in other courts under other legal standards, properly weighed Crawford’s hypothesized DNA testing results against the overwhelming evidence actually presented at Crawford’s trial under the proper Georgia statutory standard. See OCGA§ 5-5-41 (c) (3) (D).

The evidence at Crawford’s trial clearly supports the following synopsis of the events surrounding Leslie English’s murder. On the evening leading up to the murder, the victim and a number of her cousins were being watched by their grandfather as some of the adults in the family spent the evening at a social club. Crawford arrived at the social club and asked his estranged wife to dance with [98]*98him. When she refused, Crawford grabbed her shirt and was ejected from the club. Crawford then went to his father-in-law’s home at about 11:30 p.m. and bought and drank beer with the victim’s mother, who was one of his sisters-in-law.

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Bluebook (online)
597 S.E.2d 403, 278 Ga. 95, 2004 Fulton County D. Rep. 1911, 2004 Ga. LEXIS 455, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/crawford-v-state-ga-2004.