Commonwealth v. Strickland

452 A.2d 844, 306 Pa. Super. 516, 1982 Pa. Super. LEXIS 5760
CourtSuperior Court of Pennsylvania
DecidedNovember 19, 1982
Docket1611
StatusPublished
Cited by24 cases

This text of 452 A.2d 844 (Commonwealth v. Strickland) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Superior Court of Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Commonwealth v. Strickland, 452 A.2d 844, 306 Pa. Super. 516, 1982 Pa. Super. LEXIS 5760 (Pa. Ct. App. 1982).

Opinions

CIRILLO, Judge:

This is an appeal from an Order of the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County, denying the appellant’s Petition for Relief under the Post Conviction Hearing Act.1

On April 5, 1971, the appellant, Charles Strickland, was arrested by Philadelphia police and charged with the murder of one George Smith. The appellant confessed the murder to police shortly after his arrest. Subsequently, the appellant’s trial counsel, A. Benjamin Johnson, filed a Motion to Suppress the confession as involuntary. On September 27, [520]*5201971, following an evidentiary hearing, the motion was denied by the Honorable James T. McDermott.

The appellant’s trial before the Honorable Gregory G. Lagakos and a jury commenced on June 23, 1972. At the trial the Commonwealth introduced the appellant’s confession as well as a letter written by the appellant to his uncle, in which he expressed concern about the police locating a .25 caliber gun. On July 7, 1972 the jury returned a verdict of guilty of murder in the first degree.2 Motions for a New Trial and in Arrest of Judgment were filed and argued before a court en banc. These post-trial motions were denied and thereafter the court imposed a sentence of life imprisonment upon the appellant.3

The appellant, represented by trial counsel, filed a direct appeal to the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania.4 That Court found that the trial court had employed an improper standard in determining whether the appellant had standing to contest the admissibility of the self-incriminating letter. Therefore, the Supreme Court remanded the case to the trial court for an evidentiary hearing consistent with its opinion. Commonwealth v. Strickland, 457 Pa. 631, 326 A.2d 379 (1974).

In accordance with the mandate of the Supreme Court, an evidentiary hearing was held before the Honorable David N. Savitt on January 17, 1975. The appellant was represented at the hearing by Mr. Johnson. On January 23, 1975 Judge [521]*521Savitt denied the appellant’s Motion to suppress the letter. No appeal was taken from that decision.

On December 6, 1979 the appellant, represented by Joel S. Moldovsky, filed a Petition for Relief under the Post Conviction Hearing Act. On May 28, 1981, following a hearing before the Honorable Edward J. Blake, relief was denied. New counsel was appointed and this appeal followed.

The appellant’s first contention on appeal is that the assistant district attorney made prejudicial and improper remarks to the jury during his closing argument. .

Our Supreme Court has stated:

Even where the language of the prosecuting attorney is intemperate, uncalled for and improper, a new trial is not required unless “its unavoidable effect would be to prejudice the jury, forming in their minds fixed bias and hostility toward the defendant, so that they could not weigh the evidence and render a true verdict.”

Commonwealth v. Burton, 491 Pa. 13, 22, 417 A.2d 611, 615 (1980), Commonwealth v. Stoltzfus, 462 Pa. 43, 61, 337 A.2d 873, 882 (1975).

Specifically, the assistant district attorney remarked in his closing argument to the jury:

And this human life wasn’t taken as in sickness. It was taken by a self-appointed executioner sitting in this courtroom. He has judged and decreed who is going to live and who is going to die.

This reference to the appellant as an “executioner”, though improper, was supported by the evidence and was not so prejudicial as to make it impossible for the jury to render a true and proper verdict. See: Commonwealth v. Fultz, 478 Pa. 207, 386 A.2d 513 (1978); also, Commonwealth v. Brown, 490 Pa. 560, 417 A.2d 181 (1980).

The assistant district attorney further stated in his closing argument at trial:

I’ll tell you at least my feelings as to motive... He was probably dealing in drugs at the time this homicide took place. And what happened was he probably sold some bad [522]*522narcotics to George Smith. . . Maybe he did go back to this defendant’s grandmother’s apartment. Maybe he did say something about drugs. This defendant saw him on the street a couple months later. Nobody threatens anybody, so he shot him.

The prosecutor is permitted to argue facts of record and legitimate inferences therefrom. Commonwealth v. Glass, 486 Pa. 334, 405 A.2d 1236 (1979). Appellant’s counsel, in his closing argument, devoted considerable time to the issue of drugs, including the relationship of drugs to the instant murder. The assistant district attorney’s remarks were merely a rebuttal to opposing counsel’s statements, and therefore were proper. See: Commonwealth v. Rigler, 488 Pa. 441, 412 A.2d 846 (1980).

Moreover, after objection by defense counsel, the trial judge immediately cautioned the jury that their recollection of the evidence would control. Later, the court instructed the jury to disregard anything they may have heard about drugs. It is well-settled that juries can be trusted to follow the trial court’s instructions. Parker v. Randolph, 442 U.S. 62, 75, fn. 7, 99 S.Ct. 2132, 2140, fn. 7, 60 L.Ed.2d 713 (1979). Thus, the cautionary instructions of the trial judge were sufficient to assure the appellant a fair and impartial trial. E.g., Commonwealth v. Rawls, 276 Pa.Super. 89, 419 A.2d 109 (1980).

The prosecutor also made the following comment in his address to the jury:

You have Louise Stratford who . . . points out the defendant as the one that opened the door, made a comment, fired the shot that killed George Smith, and came outside and saw nothing. I don’t think there’s any problem as to the guilt of the defendant.

The appellant contends that this statement constituted error because it conveyed the notion that Louise Stratford saw the appellant fire a shot. However, the trial judge corrected any misapprehension that the jury might have had when he told the jury that Louise Stratford had not seen the appellant fire the fatal shot and, in fact, there were no eyewit[523]*523nesses. See: Commonwealth v. Rawls, supra; Commonwealth v. Rough, 275 Pa.Super. 50, 418 A.2d 605 (1980).

We therefore conclude that this argument of the appellant is without merit.

The appellant next contends that the lower court improperly admitted an incriminating letter that he wrote to his uncle while he was incarcerated, awaiting trial in the instant case. In the letter the appellant stated, “. . . I cannot afford to have that ’25 automatic in the wrong hands which would be the police.”5

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Commonwealth v. Strickland
452 A.2d 844 (Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 1982)

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Bluebook (online)
452 A.2d 844, 306 Pa. Super. 516, 1982 Pa. Super. LEXIS 5760, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/commonwealth-v-strickland-pasuperct-1982.