Commonwealth v. Irick

788 N.E.2d 573, 58 Mass. App. Ct. 129, 2003 Mass. App. LEXIS 548
CourtMassachusetts Appeals Court
DecidedMay 15, 2003
DocketNo. 01-P-188
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 788 N.E.2d 573 (Commonwealth v. Irick) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Massachusetts Appeals Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Commonwealth v. Irick, 788 N.E.2d 573, 58 Mass. App. Ct. 129, 2003 Mass. App. LEXIS 548 (Mass. Ct. App. 2003).

Opinion

Greenberg, J.

On the morning of a jury-of-six trial, defense [130]*130counsel moved to dismiss a disorderly conduct complaint,1 alleging that there had been no prior “show-cause” hearing as required by G. L. c. 218, § 35A.2 The motion was denied, and the defendant subsequently was tried and convicted of disorderly conduct. He now appeals, alleging both that the judge erred in denying his motion to suppress and that his trial counsel provided ineffective representation. We affirm.

On the basis of the trial evidence, the jury could have found as follows: about 11:40 p.m., Karen Deming, a twenty-four year old woman, stepped out of her shower and walked into her first-floor bedroom to prepare for bed. A window in the room faced the street, and the shade was not completely down, leaving a four-inch gap at the bottom. Lurking outside and unperceived by her, a man stood close to the window and peeped inside on two separate occasions. Serendipitously, Mar-tho Marvin, a next-door neighbor, glanced out of her kitchen window and saw the man, later identified as the defendant, standing with his back against the side of Deming’s house. Twice he turned and looked through the gap in the shade. Marvin called the police and described what she had seen. Within three to five minutes, a police officer spotted the defendant scurrying along Browne Street, a short distance from Deming’s apartment. The officer stopped the defendant and questioned him.

The defendant stated that, earlier in the evening, he had been practicing with a band near the New England Conservatory on Boylston Street, and that from there he had decided to visit a female friend who lived in an apartment off Commonwealth Avenue near the scene of the crime. When asked, he could not give the officer the address of his friend and made no mention of his female friend’s name. That inability, coupled with his anxious demeanor, was sufficient to arouse the officer’s suspicions. Marvin soon appeared and identified the defendant as the man whom she had seen. The officer took no further ac-[131]*131tian, and the parties left on their own. The next day, the police applied for a criminal complaint, which immediately issued.

1. General Laws c. 218, § 35A, requires a magistrate who receives an application for the issuance of criminal process to afford the accused an “opportunity to be heard in opposition” unless any of three enumerated exceptions applies. See Commonwealth v. Cote, 15 Mass. App. Ct. 229, 234-235 (1983).3 In the instant case, the government conceded that none of the exceptions are implicated. As a condition precedent, the language of the first paragraph of the statute requires that the accused make written request for a so-called “show-cause hearing.” The second paragraph delineates the mandatory nature of the hearing and makes a somewhat obtuse reference to the written request requirement by referring to “the issuance of process as provided in the first paragraph.” This may account for the confusion in the instant case where the defendant failed to request a show cause hearing. We may reject the defendant’s argument on that ground alone. So far as appears from the record, he made no written request for a hearing at any point before the complaint issued. We do, however, recognize that this could have been one of those instances where the alleged offender would have had no reason to anticipate that an applica-[132]*132tian for a complaint would be initiated and, therefore, had no reason to request a show cause hearing unless initially notified of the application by the court.4

We are handicapped — and so far as appears from the record, so was the trial judge — by not having been furnished with any explanation of the interactions of the police department and the clerk-magistrate. That, however, is a deficiency that also cuts against the Commonwealth, because, as we observed, this may have been an instance where the defendant had no idea that the criminal complaint machinery had been set into motion. The dilemma posed by this aspect of the case would have been obviated by the clerk-magistrate giving the defendant notice of his rights under § 35A.

We can see no compelling reason, however, to invalidate the complaint because, in any event, there was probable cause to believe that a crime had been committed and that the defendant may have committed it. See District Court Standards of Judicial Practice: The Complaint Procedure, standard 3:17 (1975). Here, the police had interviewed a witness who had first-hand knowledge of the events in question. Nothing that the defendant might have presented at a show cause hearing could have undercut the witness’s testimony. As stated in the commentary to the District Court standard 3:17, at a show cause hearing it is not enough for the accused to contradict, or even cast some doubt on, the complainant’s statements. Unlike the situation described in Commonwealth v. Tripolone, 44 Mass. App. Ct. 23, 27 (1997), cited by the defendant as support for his argument here, it does not appear that the magistrate’s indifference was deliberate. Further, a show cause hearing, under § 35A, is not constitutionally mandated, and the statute provides no remedy for unjustified denial of a hearing. See Commonwealth v. Lyons, 397 Mass. 644, 647 (1986). Consequently, we conclude, as we [133]*133did in Commonwealth v. Leger, 52 Mass. App. Ct. 232, 242 (2001), that had the defendant’s motion been “allowed ... he would be entitled, at most to a dismissal without prejudice, after which the complaint could be filed again and a show-cause hearing then provided.” See Commonwealth v. Lyons, supra at 648; Commonwealth v. Tripolone, supra at 28 n.10. Given the sparse allocation of judicial resources, no valid purpose would have been served by a dismissal. Here, the defendant had the benefit of a full trial with jury (and a hearing on his motion for a new trial) which was more than adequate to safeguard the defendant’s rights and to ensure that no mischief resulted from the government’s failure to comply with the statute. Nothing in the record indicates that the defendant was subjected to an unwarranted prosecution or that the offense could have been diverted by the magistrate to an informal dispute settlement process. See Gordon v. Fay, 382 Mass. 64, 69-70 (1980). See District Court Standards of Judicial Practice: The Complaint Procedure, standard 3:15 (1975).

2. Ineffective assistance of counsel. Contrary to the defendant’s claims, his counsel’s failure to interview two available witnesses and offer their testimony at trial did not fall below the minimum standard for attorney proficiency set out in Commonwealth v. Saferian, 366 Mass. 89, 96 (1974). Counsel decided that the defendant’s unvarnished testimony concerning his whereabouts on the evening in question would be sufficient without corroboration by two interested witnesses, neither of whom could add much to his explanation. One could argue that more meat on the bones of the defense would make it more palatable, but as defense counsel explained at the hearing on his motion for new trial, it would have done more harm than good. This is especially true where the defendant’s unsuccessful attempt to find his female friend (one of the witnesses he failed to call at trial) on the evening in question might have skewed the jury against him in this type of case.

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Bluebook (online)
788 N.E.2d 573, 58 Mass. App. Ct. 129, 2003 Mass. App. LEXIS 548, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/commonwealth-v-irick-massappct-2003.