Commonwealth v. Brimage

580 A.2d 877, 398 Pa. Super. 134, 1990 Pa. Super. LEXIS 2647
CourtSupreme Court of Pennsylvania
DecidedSeptember 7, 1990
Docket00124
StatusPublished
Cited by12 cases

This text of 580 A.2d 877 (Commonwealth v. Brimage) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Commonwealth v. Brimage, 580 A.2d 877, 398 Pa. Super. 134, 1990 Pa. Super. LEXIS 2647 (Pa. 1990).

Opinions

[136]*136TAMILIA, Judge:

On November 1, 1979, appellant was convicted by a jury of first degree murder and violating the Uniform Firearms Act and sentenced to imprisonment for the rest of his natural life. On April 2, 1982, the Supreme Court affirmed the judgment of sentence per curiam. Commonwealth v. Brimage, 497 Pa. 589, 442 A.2d 693 Appellant subsequently filed a Post Conviction Hearing Act (PCHA) petition, counsel was appointed and hearings were held on December 20, 1982 and June 24, 1983. On October 28, 1983, the petition was denied after the court found appellant’s claims of ineffective assistance of trial counsel to be without merit, and no appeal was taken.

The issue before us concerns appellant’s second petition for post-conviction collateral relief, this time under the Post Conviction Relief Act (PCRA).1 In his petition, appellant alleges ineffectiveness of PCHA counsel for failure to file an appeal from the denial of his PCHA petition. The trial court denied appellant’s PCRA petition without a hearing, finding appellant is not entitled to relief under the PCRA and further proceedings would serve no purpose. Appellant appeals from this Order2 arguing his absolute right to appeal from the original PCHA denial should be reinstated and the court erred in dismissing his PCRA petition without a hearing.

The Pennsylvania Constitution provides a right of appeal to criminal defendants:

[137]*137§ 9. Right of appeal
There shall be a right of appeal in all cases to a court of record from a court not of record; and there shall also be a right of appeal from a court of record or from an administrative agency to a court of record or to an appellate court, the selection of such court to be as provided by law; and there shall be such other rights of appeal as may be provided by law.

Article 5, § 9. The courts of this Commonwealth have long held that this right of appeal is absolute to criminal defendants where it is a direct appeal from the judgment of sentence. In Commonwealth v. Hoyman, 385 Pa.Super. 439, 561 A.2d 756 (1989), the defendant was found guilty of rape and terroristic threats. His post-trial motions were denied, he was sentenced and no appeal was taken from the judgment of sentence. Through new counsel, appellant subsequently filed a PCRA petition alleging his trial counsel was ineffective for failing to file a direct appeal, and appellant requested the court to allow an appeal nunc pro tunc. The trial court found trial counsel had, in fact, failed to file the appeal but did not find ineffectiveness because the court found the underlying issues to be without merit. On appeal, this Court found it was error to deny a defendant’s right to appeal from the judgment of sentence.

“[A]n accused has an absolute right to appeal, Pa. Constitution, Article V, § 9, and counsel can be faulted for allowing that right to be waived unless the accused himself effectively waives the right, i.e. for not protecting the accused’s right in the absence of an effective waiver.”

Id., 385 Pa.Superior Ct. at 444, 561 A.2d at 759, quoting Commonwealth v. Wilkerson, 490 Pa. 296, 299, 416 A.2d 477, 479 (1980).

The appellate courts have never dealt directly, however, with the issue in the instant case, i.e. whether a defendant has an absolute right to appeal from an Order denying a first-time petition for post-conviction collateral relief. The issue was hinted at in Hoyman where we said:

[Commonwealth v. Ciotto, 382 Pa.Super. 458, 555 A.2d 930 (1989)] indicates that the right of direct appeal is superior to that of an appeal in collateral proceedings [138]*138because appellant need not establish the merit of the issues he seeks to raise. The Court in [Commonwealth v. Wilkerson, 490 Pa. 296, 416 A.2d 477 (1980)] recognized as much when it noted, “[the] requirement that counsel protect the appellate right of an accused extends even to circumstances where the appeal is ‘totally without merit.’ ” Wilkerson, supra, 490 Pa. at 299, 416 A.2d at 479.
Nor do the decisions in Commonwealth v. Lawson, [519 Pa. 504, 549 A.2d 107 (1988)] and [Blackwell v. Commonwealth, 124 Pa.Cmwlth. 9, 555 A.2d 279 (1989) ] command a contrary result. Although Lawson and Blackwell have some similarities to the case before us, there is a critical distinction between them. Mr. Lawson was the beneficiary of one (1) direct appeal and Mr. Blackwell was the beneficiary of two (2) direct appeals. Mr. Hoyman, through no fault of his own, has had none. Thus, Mr. Lawson’s and Mr. Blackwell’s constitutional rights to take a direct appeal were not violated and the only remaining source of relief was in a collateral proceeding where the underlying substantive issues were presented in the context of ineffective counsel. Here, Mr. Hoyman having established that an important state constitutional right has been denied him is entitled to have that right reinstated and to proceed with a direct appeal. In the case at bar, appellant told the Assistant Public Defender who had represented him at trial he wanted to take a direct appeal, and it was determined at the PCRA hearing that she knew of appellant’s request that a direct appeal was to be filed on his behalf. Through no fault of his own a direct appeal was not filed. Because a miscarriage of justice has occurred in the case at bar, appellant is entitled to the relief he seeks in this PCRA proceeding, i.e., a direct appeal.

Id., 385 Pa.Superior Ct. at 445, 561 A.2d at 759 (emphasis in original).

Although Commonwealth v. Lawson, 519 Pa. 504, 549 A.2d 107 (1988), like Hoyman, supra, does not specifically address the question at issue here, a careful reading [139]*139of Lawson leads us to the conclusion that an appeal from an Order denying post-conviction relief is not an absolute right, even when it is the first petition for relief. In Lawson, the defendant was tried by the court sitting without a jury and convicted of first degree murder on September 10, 1974. Trial counsel filed boilerplate post-trial motions which were denied and no appeal was taken. The defendant, with new counsel, filed a petition for post-conviction relief alleging ineffectiveness of trial counsel, and the court granted leave for defendant to file post-trial motions nunc pro tunc. The court heard argument on the motions, denied them and defendant took appeals to this Court and the Supreme Court, all without obtaining the desired relief. A petition for writ of certiorari to the United States Supreme Court was also denied.

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Com. v. Payne, J.
Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 2023
Com. v. Bittinger, R.
Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 2019
Com. v. Hathaway, B.
Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 2017
Commonwealth v. Jordan
772 A.2d 1011 (Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 2001)
Commonwealth v. Mays
675 A.2d 724 (Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 1996)
Commonwealth v. Loach
618 A.2d 463 (Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 1992)
Commonwealth v. Van Allen
597 A.2d 1237 (Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 1991)
Commonwealth v. Gilbert
595 A.2d 1254 (Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 1991)
Commonwealth v. McFadden
587 A.2d 740 (Superior Court of Pennsylvania, 1991)
Commonwealth v. Brimage
580 A.2d 877 (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 1990)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
580 A.2d 877, 398 Pa. Super. 134, 1990 Pa. Super. LEXIS 2647, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/commonwealth-v-brimage-pa-1990.