J-S60041-14
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA Appellee
v.
GABRIEL LEE PAGAN
Appellant No. 282 MDA 2014 283 MDA 2014 284 MDA 2014
Appeal from the Order Entered January 30, 2014 In the Court of Common Pleas of Berks County Criminal Division at No(s): CP-06-CR-0000670-2012
BEFORE: OTT, J., STABILE, J., and JENKINS, J.
MEMORANDUM BY JENKINS, J.: FILED NOVEMBER 10, 2014
Appellant Gabriel Lee Pagan appeals from the Berks County Court of
Common Pleas’ order denying his pro se motion to modify sentence nunc pro
tunc (“motion to modify”) following his guilty plea and sentencing for
multiple counts of Delivery of a Controlled Substance 1 and Conspiracy to
Commit Possession of a Controlled Substance With Intent to Deliver, 2 and a
____________________________________________
1 35 P.S. § 780-113(a)(30). 2 18 Pa.C.S. § 903(c). J-S60041-14
single count of Possession of a Controlled Substance With Intent to Deliver.3
After careful review, we reverse and remand for further proceedings.
The factual background of the instant matter is not material to our
disposition of the issue. The trial court aptly summarized the pertinent
procedural history as follows:
On September 6, 2012, [Appellant] pled guilty to eight (8) counts under three (3) different dockets. Under Docket 174- 2012, [Appellant] pled guilty to two (2) counts of Delivery of a Controlled Substance (hereinafter “Delivery”) and one (1) count of Conspiracy to Commit Possession with Intent to Deliver a Controlled Substance (hereinafter “PWID”). Under Docket 177- 2012, [Appellant] pled guilty to one (1) count of Delivery and one (1) count of Conspiracy to Commit PWID. Under Docket 670-2012, [Appellant] pled guilty to one (1) additional count of Delivery, one (1) additional count of Conspiracy to Commit PWID, and one (1) count of PWID. On that same date, in accordance with the negotiated agreement, the [Appellant] was sentenced to serve no less than five (5) to no more than ten (10) years on every count and all sentences were ordered to be served concurrently. [Appellant] also received a credit of two hundred and forty-six (246) days of time served. [Appellant] was represented at his guilty plea and sentencing hearing by William Bispels, Esquire.
On January 23, 2014, [Appellant] filed a pro se MOTION TO MODIFY SENTENCE NUNC PRO TUNC. After reviewing the pro se filing, the Court entered an order denying [Appellant’s] motion on January 30, 2014. [Appellant] [timely] filed his Notice of Appeal from the Court’s denial on February 11, 2014. The Court ordered the [Appellant] on February 12, 2014, to file within twenty-one (21) days a Concise Statement of the Errors Complained of on Appeal, pursuant to Pennsylvania Rule of Appellate Procedure 1925(b), which [Appellant] filed on March 7, 2014. ____________________________________________
3 35 P.S. § 780-113(a)(30).
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Trial Court Pa.R.A.P. 1925(a) Opinion, March 28, 2014 (“1925(a) Opinion”),
pp. 1-2 (internal footnotes omitted).
Appellant raises a single issue for our review:
Did the trial court err as well as abuse its discretion by summarily and prematurely denying Appellant’s Motion to Modify Sentence Nunc Pro Tunc?
Appellant’s Brief at 4 (all capitals removed).
Before reaching the merits of this claim, we must decide whether the
trial court appropriately considered the motion to modify as an untimely
post-sentence motion. We conclude that the trial court should have treated
this as a motion for relief under the Post-Conviction Relief Act4 (“PCRA”).
A written post-sentence motion must be filed within ten days after the
imposition of judgment. Pa.R.Crim.P. 720(a)(1). However, this Court has
held that, “[d]espite the ten-day limit for post-sentence motions, there are
occasions when such motions may be treated as petitions under the Post
Conviction Relief Act (PCRA).” Commonwealth v. Wrecks, 931 A.2d 717,
720 (Pa.Super.2007) (“Wrecks I”) (citing Commonwealth v. Guthrie, 749
A.2d 502 (Pa.Super.2000) (holding that an untimely post-sentence motion
may be treated as a PCRA petition once the time periods for filing a post- ____________________________________________
4 42 Pa.C.S. § 9541 et seq.
-3- J-S60041-14
sentence motion and an appeal have expired)); see also Commonwealth
v. Evans, 866 A.2d 442 (Pa.Super.2005) (reaffirming that an untimely pro
se petition for reconsideration of sentence may be considered a PCRA
petition).
Pennsylvania law is well settled that any collateral petition raising
issues requesting remedies available under the PCRA will be considered a
PCRA petition. Commonwealth v. Deaner, 779 A.2d 578, 580
(Pa.Super.2001) (citing Commonwealth v. Fahy, 737 A.2d 214, 223-224
(Pa.1999); Commonwealth v. Peterkin, 722 A.2d 638, 640 (Pa.1998).
“However, a petition raising a claim for which the PCRA does not offer a
remedy will not be considered a PCRA petition. Thus, the question then
becomes whether petitioner had an available remedy under the PCRA....”
Deaner, 779 A.2d at 580 (internal citation and quotations omitted).
“The content of the motion—just exactly what is pled and requested
therein—is relevant to deciding whether to treat the motion as a collateral
petition.” Wrecks I, 931 A.2d at 720 (citing Commonwealth v. Lutz, 788
A.2d 993, 996 n.7 (Pa.Super.2001) (holding that, generally, a filing that
raises issues cognizable under the PCRA will be considered a PCRA petition
while a filing requesting relief outside the PCRA will not be so treated).
Ineffective assistance of counsel claims are cognizable under the PCRA, and
filings or motion raising such claims will be treated as PCRA petitions. 42
Pa.C.S. § 9543(a)(2)(ii); see also Commonwealth v. Lusch, 759 A.2d 6,
-4- J-S60041-14
8 (Pa.Super.2000) (multiple accusations of trial counsel ineffectiveness
cognizable under the PCRA). Likewise, legality of sentence claims present
cognizable PCRA issues that should also make a trial court view a filing that
contains such a claim as a PCRA petition. See Commonwealth v.
Hockenberry, 689 A.2d 283 (Pa.Super.1997) (pro se motion for
modification based on legality of sentence question and filed nine months
after imposition of sentence treated as a PCRA petition); see also Guthrie,
749 A.2d at 503 (noting this Court’s approval of the trial court’s
determination that a “motion to correct illegal sentence” must be treated as
a PCRA petition). However, filings or motions raising only discretionary
aspects of sentencing claims will not be entertained, as such claims are not
cognizable under the PCRA. See Commonwealth v. Wrecks, 934 A.2d
1287 (Pa.Super.2007) (“Wrecks II”) (treating pro se motion filed ten years
after imposition of sentence and which challenged the discretionary aspects
of sentencing as an untimely post-sentence motion).
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J-S60041-14
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA Appellee
v.
GABRIEL LEE PAGAN
Appellant No. 282 MDA 2014 283 MDA 2014 284 MDA 2014
Appeal from the Order Entered January 30, 2014 In the Court of Common Pleas of Berks County Criminal Division at No(s): CP-06-CR-0000670-2012
BEFORE: OTT, J., STABILE, J., and JENKINS, J.
MEMORANDUM BY JENKINS, J.: FILED NOVEMBER 10, 2014
Appellant Gabriel Lee Pagan appeals from the Berks County Court of
Common Pleas’ order denying his pro se motion to modify sentence nunc pro
tunc (“motion to modify”) following his guilty plea and sentencing for
multiple counts of Delivery of a Controlled Substance 1 and Conspiracy to
Commit Possession of a Controlled Substance With Intent to Deliver, 2 and a
____________________________________________
1 35 P.S. § 780-113(a)(30). 2 18 Pa.C.S. § 903(c). J-S60041-14
single count of Possession of a Controlled Substance With Intent to Deliver.3
After careful review, we reverse and remand for further proceedings.
The factual background of the instant matter is not material to our
disposition of the issue. The trial court aptly summarized the pertinent
procedural history as follows:
On September 6, 2012, [Appellant] pled guilty to eight (8) counts under three (3) different dockets. Under Docket 174- 2012, [Appellant] pled guilty to two (2) counts of Delivery of a Controlled Substance (hereinafter “Delivery”) and one (1) count of Conspiracy to Commit Possession with Intent to Deliver a Controlled Substance (hereinafter “PWID”). Under Docket 177- 2012, [Appellant] pled guilty to one (1) count of Delivery and one (1) count of Conspiracy to Commit PWID. Under Docket 670-2012, [Appellant] pled guilty to one (1) additional count of Delivery, one (1) additional count of Conspiracy to Commit PWID, and one (1) count of PWID. On that same date, in accordance with the negotiated agreement, the [Appellant] was sentenced to serve no less than five (5) to no more than ten (10) years on every count and all sentences were ordered to be served concurrently. [Appellant] also received a credit of two hundred and forty-six (246) days of time served. [Appellant] was represented at his guilty plea and sentencing hearing by William Bispels, Esquire.
On January 23, 2014, [Appellant] filed a pro se MOTION TO MODIFY SENTENCE NUNC PRO TUNC. After reviewing the pro se filing, the Court entered an order denying [Appellant’s] motion on January 30, 2014. [Appellant] [timely] filed his Notice of Appeal from the Court’s denial on February 11, 2014. The Court ordered the [Appellant] on February 12, 2014, to file within twenty-one (21) days a Concise Statement of the Errors Complained of on Appeal, pursuant to Pennsylvania Rule of Appellate Procedure 1925(b), which [Appellant] filed on March 7, 2014. ____________________________________________
3 35 P.S. § 780-113(a)(30).
-2- J-S60041-14
Trial Court Pa.R.A.P. 1925(a) Opinion, March 28, 2014 (“1925(a) Opinion”),
pp. 1-2 (internal footnotes omitted).
Appellant raises a single issue for our review:
Did the trial court err as well as abuse its discretion by summarily and prematurely denying Appellant’s Motion to Modify Sentence Nunc Pro Tunc?
Appellant’s Brief at 4 (all capitals removed).
Before reaching the merits of this claim, we must decide whether the
trial court appropriately considered the motion to modify as an untimely
post-sentence motion. We conclude that the trial court should have treated
this as a motion for relief under the Post-Conviction Relief Act4 (“PCRA”).
A written post-sentence motion must be filed within ten days after the
imposition of judgment. Pa.R.Crim.P. 720(a)(1). However, this Court has
held that, “[d]espite the ten-day limit for post-sentence motions, there are
occasions when such motions may be treated as petitions under the Post
Conviction Relief Act (PCRA).” Commonwealth v. Wrecks, 931 A.2d 717,
720 (Pa.Super.2007) (“Wrecks I”) (citing Commonwealth v. Guthrie, 749
A.2d 502 (Pa.Super.2000) (holding that an untimely post-sentence motion
may be treated as a PCRA petition once the time periods for filing a post- ____________________________________________
4 42 Pa.C.S. § 9541 et seq.
-3- J-S60041-14
sentence motion and an appeal have expired)); see also Commonwealth
v. Evans, 866 A.2d 442 (Pa.Super.2005) (reaffirming that an untimely pro
se petition for reconsideration of sentence may be considered a PCRA
petition).
Pennsylvania law is well settled that any collateral petition raising
issues requesting remedies available under the PCRA will be considered a
PCRA petition. Commonwealth v. Deaner, 779 A.2d 578, 580
(Pa.Super.2001) (citing Commonwealth v. Fahy, 737 A.2d 214, 223-224
(Pa.1999); Commonwealth v. Peterkin, 722 A.2d 638, 640 (Pa.1998).
“However, a petition raising a claim for which the PCRA does not offer a
remedy will not be considered a PCRA petition. Thus, the question then
becomes whether petitioner had an available remedy under the PCRA....”
Deaner, 779 A.2d at 580 (internal citation and quotations omitted).
“The content of the motion—just exactly what is pled and requested
therein—is relevant to deciding whether to treat the motion as a collateral
petition.” Wrecks I, 931 A.2d at 720 (citing Commonwealth v. Lutz, 788
A.2d 993, 996 n.7 (Pa.Super.2001) (holding that, generally, a filing that
raises issues cognizable under the PCRA will be considered a PCRA petition
while a filing requesting relief outside the PCRA will not be so treated).
Ineffective assistance of counsel claims are cognizable under the PCRA, and
filings or motion raising such claims will be treated as PCRA petitions. 42
Pa.C.S. § 9543(a)(2)(ii); see also Commonwealth v. Lusch, 759 A.2d 6,
-4- J-S60041-14
8 (Pa.Super.2000) (multiple accusations of trial counsel ineffectiveness
cognizable under the PCRA). Likewise, legality of sentence claims present
cognizable PCRA issues that should also make a trial court view a filing that
contains such a claim as a PCRA petition. See Commonwealth v.
Hockenberry, 689 A.2d 283 (Pa.Super.1997) (pro se motion for
modification based on legality of sentence question and filed nine months
after imposition of sentence treated as a PCRA petition); see also Guthrie,
749 A.2d at 503 (noting this Court’s approval of the trial court’s
determination that a “motion to correct illegal sentence” must be treated as
a PCRA petition). However, filings or motions raising only discretionary
aspects of sentencing claims will not be entertained, as such claims are not
cognizable under the PCRA. See Commonwealth v. Wrecks, 934 A.2d
1287 (Pa.Super.2007) (“Wrecks II”) (treating pro se motion filed ten years
after imposition of sentence and which challenged the discretionary aspects
of sentencing as an untimely post-sentence motion).
Here, the trial court sentenced Appellant on September 6, 2012. Over
fourteen (14) months later, on January 23, 2014, Appellant filed his motion
to modify. Obviously, the time during which Appellant could have timely
filed either a post-sentence motion or an appeal had long since expired.
However, the motion to modify included claims questioning the legality of his
-5- J-S60041-14
sentence and, arguably, the effective assistance of counsel.5 Such claims
are cognizable under the PCRA. Accordingly, the trial court should have
treated the motion to modify as a PCRA petition, and not as an untimely
post-sentence motion. See Lusch, Hockenberry, supra.
Further, review of the trial court docket reveals Appellant has not filed
a previous PCRA petition. Accordingly, Appellant is entitled to a remand and
appointment of counsel to prosecute this, his first PCRA petition. See
Commonwealth v. Evans, 866 A.2d 442 (Pa.Super.2005) (finding that
remand of a motion for permission to file a nunc pro tunc motion for
5 The trial court summarized the claims from the motion to modify as follows:
1. [Appellant] argued that the Conspiracy counts should have merged with the Delivery counts because the charges stemmed from the same criminal acts;
2. [Appellant] argued that the Commonwealth could not prove that he had constructive possession of the cocaine which formed the basis of the PWID count under Docket 670-2012;
3. [Appellant] argued that since all of the charges against him stemmed from the same investigation by the same investigating police unit that it should have resulted in one criminal Information. [Appellant] asserted that the Commonwealth’s decision to file three criminal Informations against him was designed to increase his sentence;
4. [Appellant] argued that the Commonwealth engaged in “sentence entrapment” by waiting to arrest him until after he had committed multiple drug transactions.
1925(a) Opinion, p. 3.
-6- J-S60041-14
reconsideration or modification of sentence to appoint counsel for inmate
was required because the petitioner filed his motion pro se, the motion was
considered to be his first petition for post-conviction relief, and the criminal
rules required that a pro se post-conviction relief petitioner was entitled to
the appointment of counsel).
Because the trial court should have considered Appellant’s motion to
modify as a first PCRA petition, we reverse the order denying the motion to
modify and remand the matter for further proceedings consistent with this
memorandum.6
Order reversed. Case remanded. Jurisdiction relinquished.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq. Prothonotary
Date: 11/10/2014
6 We recognize that, even given the filing date of his motion to modify, Appellant’s PCRA petition will not have been filed within one year after his judgment of sentence became final and may therefore be time-barred. 42 Pa.C.S. § 9545. However, we further acknowledge that, since this is his first PCRA petition, Appellant is entitled to counsel to aid him in determining which of the PCRA’s time limitations exceptions apply, if any. See Commonwealth v. Smith, 818 A.2d 494, 501 (Pa.2003) (“[A]n indigent first-time PCRA petitioner is entitled to the assistance of counsel, whether or not the PCRA court ultimately concludes that the PCRA petition is untimely.”).
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