Com. v. Mislaie, I.

• Court: Superior Court of Pennsylvania
• Decided: May 26, 2026
• Docket: 3243 EDA 2024
• Status: Unpublished
• Author: Ford Elliott

Opinion

J-S05035-26

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT O.P. 65.37

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF : PENNSYLVANIA : v. : : : ISAAC MISLAIE : : Appellant : No. 3243 EDA 2024

Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered October 23, 2024 In the Court of Common Pleas of Delaware County Criminal Division at No(s): CP-23-CR-0004988-2021

BEFORE: PANELLA, P.J.E., KING, J., and FORD ELLIOTT, P.J.E. *

MEMORANDUM BY FORD ELLIOTT, P.J.E.: FILED MAY 26, 2026

Isaac Mislaie appeals, pro se, from the order denying his first petition

filed pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act, 42 Pa.C.S. § 9541, et seq.

(PCRA). Mislaie alleges that: (1) PCRA counsel failed to comply with the

requirements of Turner and Finley and their progeny1; (2) the sentencing

court wrongly relied on a miscalculation of Mislaie’s offense gravity score

(OGS) at sentencing; (3) trial counsel was ineffective for failing to file a motion

for reconsideration of sentence; (4) trial counsel was ineffective for failing to

____________________________________________

* Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.

1See Commonwealth v. Turner, 544 A.2d 927 (Pa. 1988); see also Commonwealth v. Finley, 550 A.2d 213 (Pa. Super. 1988) (en banc). J-S05035-26

inform Mislaie of his rights under Padilla2; and (5) the PCRA court improperly

failed to grant Mislaie’s discovery request. We affirm.

The relevant procedural history of this case is as follows. On August 8,

2022, Mislaie entered a hybrid guilty plea3 to rape of a child4 wherein: (1) the

Commonwealth would not make a specific sentencing recommendation; (2)

the guilty plea would be limited to one criminal count; and (3) the

Commonwealth would not invoke the applicable mandatory minimum

sentence.5 Sentencing was deferred to November 4, 2022, for the preparation

of a pre-sentence investigation report, psychosexual evaluation, and a

sexually violent predator assessment. At sentencing, the court acknowledged

receipt of, and its review of, the relevant report, evaluation, and assessment,

prior to imposing a sentence of five to ten years’ incarceration and designating

Mislaie a tier III registrant6 under the Pennsylvania Sex Offender Registration

and Notification Act.7 Mislaie, through his attorney, did not file a post-

2 See Padilla v. Kentucky, 559 U.S. 356 (2010).

3 A hybrid plea is one in which “the parties did not bargain for a specific sentence but negotiated as to a certain aspect of the sentence[.]” Commonwealth v. Heaster, 171 A.3d 268, 271 (Pa. Super. 2017).

4 See 18 Pa.C.S. § 3121(c).

5 See 42 Pa.C.S. § 9718(a)(3).

6 See 42 Pa.C.S. §§ 9799.14(d)(4), 9799.15(a)(3).

7 See 42 Pa.C.S. §§ 9799.10-9799.75.

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sentence motion. Mislaie then timely appealed but later discontinued that

direct appeal.

On November 15, 2023, Mislaie filed a pro se PCRA petition, his first, in

which he requested leave to file a post-sentence motion to allege that the

court imposed an unduly harsh sentence due to an error in the calculation of

the OGS. The court appointed PCRA counsel. On May 20, 2024, PCRA counsel

filed an application to withdraw and no-merit letter. Mislaie filed a pro se reply

on June 24, 2024, objecting to counsel’s withdrawal, seeking appointment of

alternate counsel should counsel’s withdrawal request be granted, and stating,

without temporal specificity, that trial counsel failed to honor Mislaie’s request

to file a motion for modification of sentence. On August 9, 2024, the PCRA

court granted PCRA counsel’s application to withdraw and filed notice of its

intent to dismiss Mislaie’s PCRA petition pursuant to Pennsylvania Rule of

Criminal Procedure 907. Mislaie replied to the court’s dismissal notice. On

October 23, 2024, the court dismissed Mislaie’s PCRA petition without a

hearing. Mislaie filed a timely pro se appeal on November 18, 2024, pursuant

to the prisoner mailbox rule. 8

8 The record reflects that Mislaie, while incarcerated, delivered his appeal to

prison authorities as of November 18, 2024. See Pa.R.A.P. 121(f); see also Commonwealth v. Jones, 700 A.2d 423, 426 (Pa. 1997) (holding that pro se prisoners’ appeals deemed filed as of the date they deliver them to prison authorities for mailing).

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In his pro se appeal, Mislaie presents the following five issues for our

review:

1. Whether the [PCRA] court’s determination that appointed counsel’s Turner/Finley “no-merit” letter met the [appropriate] standards/dictates was an abuse of discretion in reference to [Mislaie’s] claims presented in [his] pro se motion for post-conviction collateral relief?

2. Whether[] the sentence [. . .] imposed was excessive in that it was grounded on an erroneous [OGS]?

3. Whether [trial] counsel rendered ineffective assistance of counsel for not seeking sentencing reconsideration?

4. Whether it was an error of law for the PCRA court to adopt appointed PCRA counsel’s [Turner/Finley] “no-merit” letter [where] it did not address [Mislaie’s Padilla] claim where [Mislaie] is a Haitian [national] and was induced by the prompting of entering into his guilty plea without counsel advising [him] of [the] possibility of deportation proceedings?

5. Whether it was an abuse of discretion for the PCRA court to deny [Mislaie]’s discovery application that averred exceptional circumstances?

See Appellant’s Brief at 4 (suggested answers and unnecessary capitalization

omitted).9

As it relates to Mislaie’s first issue, Mislaie argues that PCRA counsel

“failed to detail his review of the record and conclu[de] that [Mislaie]’s claims

are meritless. [Counsel] did not provide to [Mislaie] the brief and advise

[Mislaie] of his right to retain new counsel or proceed pro se.” Appellant’s

9 Mislaie’s brief violates the rules of appellate procedure insofar as all of his

arguments are set forth in one single-spaced section in his brief. See e.g., Pa.R.A.P. 2119(a); see also Pa.R.A.P. 124(a)(3).

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Brief at 8. Mislaie alleges that his OGS and Padilla claims have merit such

that withdrawal under Turner/Finley is inappropriate. See id. at 9-10. We

find that the PCRA court properly concluded that counsel substantially

complied with the technical requirements of Turner/Finley as explained

below.

We have summarized the Turner/Finley requirements for counsel to

withdraw as follows:

Counsel petitioning to withdraw from PCRA representation must proceed under [Turner and Finley] and must review the case zealously. Turner/Finley counsel must then submit a “no-merit” letter to the trial court, or brief on appeal to this Court, detailing the nature and extent of counsel’s diligent review of the case, listing the issues which petitioner wants to have reviewed, explaining why and how those issues lack merit, and requesting permission to withdraw.

Counsel must also send to the petitioner: (1) a copy of the “no[- ]merit” letter/brief; (2) a copy of counsel’s petition to withdraw; and (3) a statement advising petitioner of the right to proceed pro se or by new counsel.

Where counsel submits a petition and no-merit letter that satisfy the technical demands of Turner/Finley, the court—trial court or this Court—must then conduct its own review of the merits of the case. If the court agrees with counsel that the claims are without merit, the court will permit counsel to withdraw and deny relief.

Commonwealth v. Muzzy, 141 A.3d 509, 510-11 (Pa. Super. 2016) (ellipses

omitted). Substantial compliance with the requirements to withdraw as

counsel will satisfy the Turner/Finley criteria. See Commonwealth v.

Karanicolas, 836 A.2d 940, 947 (Pa. Super. 2003).

Here, contrary to Mislaie’s claims, the record reflects that PCRA counsel

filed an application to withdraw and a no-merit letter in the PCRA court and

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served those documents on Mislaie. 10 The PCRA court correctly observed that

the no-merit letter contains counsel’s statements that he: (1) reviewed the

case record and Mislaie’s written communications; (2) interviewed prior

counsel in the case; and (3) found Mislaie’s sentencing claim as identified in

his pro se PCRA petition to be meritless. See No-merit Letter, 5/20/24, at 1

(unpaginated). Further, the no-merit letter informs Mislaie of his right to hire

alternate counsel or proceed pro se. See id. at 3 (unpaginated). The record

confirms Mislaie received the duly filed and served documents, especially

where he responded pro se to counsel’s no-merit letter on June 24, 2024, and

further responded pro se to the court’s Rule 907 notice on August 30, 2024.

The PCRA court then conducted its own analysis, as required, when it issued

its Rule 907 notice and permitted counsel to withdraw. See Muzzy, 141 A.3d

at 511. As the record supports the court’s conclusion that PCRA counsel

substantially complied with the technical requirements of Turner/Finley, we

may proceed to our review of Mislaie’s issues on appeal to ensure they are

meritless.

Mislaie asserts that his OGS issue has merit; thus, the court allegedly

improperly granted counsel’s withdrawal request and improperly denied PCRA

relief. Specifically, Mislaie maintains that Pennsylvania’s Sentencing

Guidelines for rape of a child lists an OGS that amounts to one to two years’ ____________________________________________

10 PCRA counsel filed the application to withdraw in the PCRA court, rather than with this Court on appeal, so, contrary to Mislaie’s claims, PCRA counsel was not required to file an appellate brief and serve Mislaie therewith.

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incarceration rather than the sentence of five to ten years’ that he received.

See Appellant’s Brief, at 9. He argues that the court wrongly imposed an

excessive sentence and that trial counsel should have filed a post-sentence

motion for reconsideration of sentence on this basis. See id. We find no relief

is due.

On appeal from the denial of PCRA relief, our standard of review is as

follows:

Our review of a PCRA court’s decision is limited to examining whether the PCRA court’s findings of fact are supported by the record, and whether its conclusions of law are free from legal error. We view the findings of the PCRA court and the evidence of record in a light most favorable to the prevailing party. With respect to the PCRA court’s decision to deny a request for an evidentiary hearing, or to hold a limited evidentiary hearing, such a decision is within the discretion of the PCRA court and will not be overturned absent an abuse of discretion. The PCRA court’s credibility determinations, when supported by the record, are binding on th[e appellate courts]; however, [appellate courts] apply a de novo standard of review to the PCRA court’s legal conclusions[.]

Commonwealth v. Mason, 130 A.3d 601, 617 (Pa. 2015) (citations and

quotation marks omitted).

To be eligible for relief under the PCRA, the petitioner must plead and

prove by a preponderance of the evidence that his conviction or sentence

resulted from one or more of the following:

(i) A violation of the Constitution of this Commonwealth or the Constitution or laws of the United States which, in the circumstances of the particular case, so undermined the truth- determining process that no reliable adjudication of guilt or innocence could have taken place.

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(ii) Ineffective assistance of counsel which, in the circumstances of the particular case, so undermined the truth-determining process that no reliable adjudication of guilt or innocence could have taken place.

(iii) A plea of guilty unlawfully induced where the circumstances make it likely that the inducement caused the petitioner to plead guilty and the petitioner is innocent.

(iv) The improper obstruction by government officials of the petitioner’s right of appeal where a meritorious appealable issue existed and was properly preserved in the trial court.

* * *

(vi) The unavailability at the time of trial of exculpatory evidence that has subsequently become available and would have changed the outcome of the trial if it had been introduced.

(vii) The imposition of a sentence greater than the lawful maximum.

(viii) A proceeding in a tribunal without jurisdiction.

42 Pa.C.S. § 9543(a)(2). Further, the petitioner must prove that the issue

has not been previously litigated or waived and that any failure to litigate the

issue “could not have been the result of any rational, strategic[,] or tactical

decision by counsel.” 42 Pa.C.S. § 9543(a)(3), (4).

Insofar as effective assistance of trial counsel is implicated in Mislaie’s

claims, the Strickland/Pierce11 test applies as follows:

[W]e begin with the presumption counsel is effective. To prevail on an ineffectiveness claim, appellant must satisfy, by a preponderance of the evidence, the performance and prejudice standard set forth in [Strickland]. In Pennsylvania, we have applied Strickland by looking to three elements an appellant must establish: (1) the underlying claim has arguable merit; (2) ____________________________________________

11See Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668 (1984); see also Commonwealth v. Pierce, 527 A.2d 973, 975 (Pa. 1987).

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no reasonable basis existed for counsel’s actions or failure to act; and (3) appellant suffered prejudice as a result of counsel’s error, with prejudice measured by whether there is a reasonable probability that the result of the proceeding would have been different.

Commonwealth v. Hannibal, 156 A.3d 197, 206 (Pa. 2016) (citations

omitted). If any prong fails under Strickland, the court may proceed to

review that one first. See id. at 207.

Here, Mislaie’s second appellate claim is based in trial court error—

rather than grounded in ineffective assistance of counsel—insofar as Mislaie

alleges that he received an excessive sentence based on an erroneous

calculation of the OGS. Such a claim does not implicate the legality of Mislaie’s

sentence and instead goes to the discretionary aspects of his sentence, which

is not cognizable under the PCRA. See Commonwealth v. Archer, 722 A.2d

203, 210-11 (Pa. Super. 1998) (en banc) (holding that “any misapplication of

the Sentencing Guidelines constitutes a challenge to the discretionary aspects

of sentence” and challenge to OGS calculation is claim sounding in

misapplication of Sentencing Guidelines); see also Commonwealth v.

Wrecks, 934 A.2d 1287, 1289 (Pa. Super. 2007) (stating that “[r]equests for

relief with respect to the discretionary aspects of sentence are not cognizable

in PCRA proceedings”). Accordingly, Mislaie is not entitled to relief on his

second issue on appeal.

In turning to his third issue, Mislaie essentially presents the same claim,

but through the lens of ineffective assistance of counsel due to trial counsel’s

failure to file a post-sentence motion for reconsideration of sentence. Mislaie

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presents argument that he both requested that trial counsel file a post-

sentence motion, and in any event, that counsel was professionally ineffective

for failing to file one based on the allegedly incorrect OGS calculation.

Pennsylvania law is clear that the failure to file a post-sentence motion,

requested or not, does not render counsel per se ineffective. See

Commonwealth v. Reaves, 923 A.2d 1119, 1129 (Pa. 2007). Indeed, where

counsel fails to file post-sentence motions, the traditional three-prong

Strickland/Pierce test applies to determine whether counsel was ineffective.

See id.; see also Commonwealth v. Grosella, 902 A.2d 1290, 1293-94

(Pa. Super. 2006) (distinguishing between counsel’s failure to file direct

appeal which completely forecloses appellant from direct review and counsel’s

failure to file post-sentence motion which narrows ambit of claims appellant

can raise on direct appeal).

After our review, we conclude that Mislaie fails to establish prejudice

under the third prong of the Strickland/Pierce test. Specifically, Mislaie’s

reading of the Sentencing Guidelines is incorrect insofar as he identifies that

the Sentencing Guidelines would recommend a sentence of 1 to 2 years’

incarceration given his prior record score of 0. Instead, the Sentencing

Guidelines recommend: (1) a minimum term of five years’ incarceration,

which is greater than the maximum term of Mislaie’s imposed sentence; and

(2) a maximum term of the statutory limit, which is 40 years’ incarceration in

this case. See 204 Pa. Code § 303.15 (7th ed., amend. 6) (indicating OGS of

14 for conviction under 18 Pa.C.S. § 3121(c)); 204 Pa. Code § 303.16(a) (7th

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ed., amend. 6) (applicable basic sentencing matrix); 18 Pa.C.S. § 3121(e)(1).

Mislaie is not entitled to relief where it is unlikely that he would have received

a reduction in sentence. See Reaves, 923 A.2d at 1131-32 (concluding that

appellant failed to establish prejudice where record did not show counsel’s

filing of motion for reconsideration of sentence would have secured reduction

in sentence). Further, we conclude that Mislaie’s claim also fails under the

second prong of the Strickland/Pierce test because counsel had a reasonable

basis for not challenging the sentence imposed where (1): Mislaie received

the benefit of his plea bargain insofar as the court imposed a more lenient

sentence than the otherwise applicable mandatory minimum sentence set

forth in 42 Pa.C.S. § 9718(a)(3); and (2) Mislaie received a sentence near the

low end of the mitigated range of the Sentencing Guidelines. See 204 Pa.

Code § 303.16(a) (7th ed., amend. 6) (applicable basic sentencing matrix).

Accordingly, no relief is due on Mislaie’s third issue on appeal.

In his fourth issue, Mislaie complains that PCRA counsel did not address

his Padilla claim in the no-merit letter and therefore the PCRA court

erroneously granted counsel’s application to withdraw. See Appellant’s Brief,

at 10. We find no relief is due.

After our review, we conclude that, again, Mislaie fails to establish

prejudice under the third prong of the Strickland/Pierce test insofar as he

fails to show that immigration consequences apply to his case. See Hannibal,

156 A.3d at 206. Further, Mislaie fails under the second prong of the

Strickland/Pierce test because trial counsel had a reasonable basis to not

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pursue any Padilla issue where Mislaie’s signed written plea colloquy sets

forth that he understood the potential immigration consequences of his plea, 12

and, at his plea hearing, Mislaie affirmed that he reviewed the written plea

colloquy with his defense counsel prior to pleading guilty. See N.T. Plea

Hearing, 8/8/22, at 8–10. Mislaie may not now contradict his statements that

he made on the record at his plea hearing. See Commonwealth v. Jamison,

284 A.3d 501, 506 (Pa. Super. 2022) (noting that “A defendant is bound by

the statements which he makes during his plea colloquy and cannot assert

challenges to his plea that contradict his statements when he entered the

plea.”). Accordingly, no relief is due on Mislaie’s fourth issue.

As to his fifth issue, Mislaie offers no argument in his brief on the claim

that he purports to raise. Accordingly, Mislaie has waived his fifth issue on

appeal. See Pa.R.A.P. 2119(a) (“The argument shall be divided into as

many parts as there are questions to be argued; and shall have at the

head of each part—in distinctive type or in type distinctively displayed—the

particular point treated therein, followed by such discussion and citation of

12 See Written Plea Colloquy, 8/8/22, at 3 (unpaginated) (“My plea of guilty

[. . .] will have the same effect in criminal law as if I had a trial and was convicted of the crimes to which I have pled guilty[. . . .] If am not a United States citizen, my plea of guilty [. . .] may subject me to MANDATORY DEPORTATION and other adverse immigration consequences. My attorney has answered, to my satisfaction, any questions I have had concerning adverse immigration consequences of this plea. I also acknowledged that I have had the opportunity to consult an attorney specializing in immigration and deportation law. I understand and agree that I am pleading guilty [. . .] to the crimes listed below.”) (emphasis in original).

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authorities as are deemed pertinent.”) (emphasis added); see also

Commonwealth v. Woodard, 129 A.3d 480, 509 (Pa. 2015) (concluding

that appellant’s failure “to present any argument in support” of issue results

in waiver).

As none of Mislaie’s claims have merit, we find no abuse of discretion or

error of law in the PCRA court’s grant of PCRA counsel’s application to

withdraw. Accordingly, Mislaie is not entitled to any relief in this appeal.

Order affirmed.

Date: 5/26/2026

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COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF : PENNSYLVANIA : v. : : : ISAAC MISLAIE : : Appellant : No. 3243 EDA 2024

Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered October 23, 2024 In the Court of Common Pleas of Delaware County Criminal Division at No(s): CP-23-CR-0004988-2021

BEFORE: PANELLA, P.J.E., KING, J., and FORD ELLIOTT, P.J.E. *

Isaac Mislaie appeals, pro se, from the order denying his first petition

filed pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act, 42 Pa.C.S. § 9541, et seq.

(PCRA). Mislaie alleges that: (1) PCRA counsel failed to comply with the

requirements of Turner and Finley and their progeny1; (2) the sentencing

court wrongly relied on a miscalculation of Mislaie’s offense gravity score

(OGS) at sentencing; (3) trial counsel was ineffective for failing to file a motion

for reconsideration of sentence; (4) trial counsel was ineffective for failing to

1See Commonwealth v. Turner, 544 A.2d 927 (Pa. 1988); see also Commonwealth v. Finley, 550 A.2d 213 (Pa. Super. 1988) (en banc). J-S05035-26

inform Mislaie of his rights under Padilla2; and (5) the PCRA court improperly

The relevant procedural history of this case is as follows. On August 8,

2022, Mislaie entered a hybrid guilty plea3 to rape of a child4 wherein: (1) the

Commonwealth would not make a specific sentencing recommendation; (2)

the guilty plea would be limited to one criminal count; and (3) the

Commonwealth would not invoke the applicable mandatory minimum

sentence.5 Sentencing was deferred to November 4, 2022, for the preparation

of a pre-sentence investigation report, psychosexual evaluation, and a

sexually violent predator assessment. At sentencing, the court acknowledged

receipt of, and its review of, the relevant report, evaluation, and assessment,

prior to imposing a sentence of five to ten years’ incarceration and designating

Mislaie a tier III registrant6 under the Pennsylvania Sex Offender Registration

and Notification Act.7 Mislaie, through his attorney, did not file a post-

3 A hybrid plea is one in which “the parties did not bargain for a specific sentence but negotiated as to a certain aspect of the sentence[.]” Commonwealth v. Heaster, 171 A.3d 268, 271 (Pa. Super. 2017).

sentence motion. Mislaie then timely appealed but later discontinued that

On November 15, 2023, Mislaie filed a pro se PCRA petition, his first, in

which he requested leave to file a post-sentence motion to allege that the

court imposed an unduly harsh sentence due to an error in the calculation of

the OGS. The court appointed PCRA counsel. On May 20, 2024, PCRA counsel

filed an application to withdraw and no-merit letter. Mislaie filed a pro se reply

on June 24, 2024, objecting to counsel’s withdrawal, seeking appointment of

alternate counsel should counsel’s withdrawal request be granted, and stating,

without temporal specificity, that trial counsel failed to honor Mislaie’s request

to file a motion for modification of sentence. On August 9, 2024, the PCRA

court granted PCRA counsel’s application to withdraw and filed notice of its

intent to dismiss Mislaie’s PCRA petition pursuant to Pennsylvania Rule of

Criminal Procedure 907. Mislaie replied to the court’s dismissal notice. On

October 23, 2024, the court dismissed Mislaie’s PCRA petition without a

hearing. Mislaie filed a timely pro se appeal on November 18, 2024, pursuant

8 The record reflects that Mislaie, while incarcerated, delivered his appeal to

prison authorities as of November 18, 2024. See Pa.R.A.P. 121(f); see also Commonwealth v. Jones, 700 A.2d 423, 426 (Pa. 1997) (holding that pro se prisoners’ appeals deemed filed as of the date they deliver them to prison authorities for mailing).

In his pro se appeal, Mislaie presents the following five issues for our

1. Whether the [PCRA] court’s determination that appointed counsel’s Turner/Finley “no-merit” letter met the [appropriate] standards/dictates was an abuse of discretion in reference to [Mislaie’s] claims presented in [his] pro se motion for post-conviction collateral relief?

2. Whether[] the sentence [. . .] imposed was excessive in that it was grounded on an erroneous [OGS]?

3. Whether [trial] counsel rendered ineffective assistance of counsel for not seeking sentencing reconsideration?

4. Whether it was an error of law for the PCRA court to adopt appointed PCRA counsel’s [Turner/Finley] “no-merit” letter [where] it did not address [Mislaie’s Padilla] claim where [Mislaie] is a Haitian [national] and was induced by the prompting of entering into his guilty plea without counsel advising [him] of [the] possibility of deportation proceedings?

5. Whether it was an abuse of discretion for the PCRA court to deny [Mislaie]’s discovery application that averred exceptional circumstances?

See Appellant’s Brief at 4 (suggested answers and unnecessary capitalization

As it relates to Mislaie’s first issue, Mislaie argues that PCRA counsel

“failed to detail his review of the record and conclu[de] that [Mislaie]’s claims

are meritless. [Counsel] did not provide to [Mislaie] the brief and advise

[Mislaie] of his right to retain new counsel or proceed pro se.” Appellant’s

9 Mislaie’s brief violates the rules of appellate procedure insofar as all of his

arguments are set forth in one single-spaced section in his brief. See e.g., Pa.R.A.P. 2119(a); see also Pa.R.A.P. 124(a)(3).

Brief at 8. Mislaie alleges that his OGS and Padilla claims have merit such

that withdrawal under Turner/Finley is inappropriate. See id. at 9-10. We

find that the PCRA court properly concluded that counsel substantially

complied with the technical requirements of Turner/Finley as explained

We have summarized the Turner/Finley requirements for counsel to

Counsel petitioning to withdraw from PCRA representation must proceed under [Turner and Finley] and must review the case zealously. Turner/Finley counsel must then submit a “no-merit” letter to the trial court, or brief on appeal to this Court, detailing the nature and extent of counsel’s diligent review of the case, listing the issues which petitioner wants to have reviewed, explaining why and how those issues lack merit, and requesting permission to withdraw.

Counsel must also send to the petitioner: (1) a copy of the “no[- ]merit” letter/brief; (2) a copy of counsel’s petition to withdraw; and (3) a statement advising petitioner of the right to proceed pro se or by new counsel.

Where counsel submits a petition and no-merit letter that satisfy the technical demands of Turner/Finley, the court—trial court or this Court—must then conduct its own review of the merits of the case. If the court agrees with counsel that the claims are without merit, the court will permit counsel to withdraw and deny relief.

Commonwealth v. Muzzy, 141 A.3d 509, 510-11 (Pa. Super. 2016) (ellipses

omitted). Substantial compliance with the requirements to withdraw as

counsel will satisfy the Turner/Finley criteria. See Commonwealth v.

Here, contrary to Mislaie’s claims, the record reflects that PCRA counsel

filed an application to withdraw and a no-merit letter in the PCRA court and

served those documents on Mislaie. 10 The PCRA court correctly observed that

the no-merit letter contains counsel’s statements that he: (1) reviewed the

case record and Mislaie’s written communications; (2) interviewed prior

counsel in the case; and (3) found Mislaie’s sentencing claim as identified in

his pro se PCRA petition to be meritless. See No-merit Letter, 5/20/24, at 1

(unpaginated). Further, the no-merit letter informs Mislaie of his right to hire

alternate counsel or proceed pro se. See id. at 3 (unpaginated). The record

confirms Mislaie received the duly filed and served documents, especially

where he responded pro se to counsel’s no-merit letter on June 24, 2024, and

further responded pro se to the court’s Rule 907 notice on August 30, 2024.

The PCRA court then conducted its own analysis, as required, when it issued

its Rule 907 notice and permitted counsel to withdraw. See Muzzy, 141 A.3d

at 511. As the record supports the court’s conclusion that PCRA counsel

substantially complied with the technical requirements of Turner/Finley, we

may proceed to our review of Mislaie’s issues on appeal to ensure they are

Mislaie asserts that his OGS issue has merit; thus, the court allegedly

improperly granted counsel’s withdrawal request and improperly denied PCRA

relief. Specifically, Mislaie maintains that Pennsylvania’s Sentencing

Guidelines for rape of a child lists an OGS that amounts to one to two years’ ____________________________________________

10 PCRA counsel filed the application to withdraw in the PCRA court, rather than with this Court on appeal, so, contrary to Mislaie’s claims, PCRA counsel was not required to file an appellate brief and serve Mislaie therewith.

incarceration rather than the sentence of five to ten years’ that he received.

See Appellant’s Brief, at 9. He argues that the court wrongly imposed an

excessive sentence and that trial counsel should have filed a post-sentence

motion for reconsideration of sentence on this basis. See id. We find no relief

On appeal from the denial of PCRA relief, our standard of review is as

Our review of a PCRA court’s decision is limited to examining whether the PCRA court’s findings of fact are supported by the record, and whether its conclusions of law are free from legal error. We view the findings of the PCRA court and the evidence of record in a light most favorable to the prevailing party. With respect to the PCRA court’s decision to deny a request for an evidentiary hearing, or to hold a limited evidentiary hearing, such a decision is within the discretion of the PCRA court and will not be overturned absent an abuse of discretion. The PCRA court’s credibility determinations, when supported by the record, are binding on th[e appellate courts]; however, [appellate courts] apply a de novo standard of review to the PCRA court’s legal conclusions[.]

Commonwealth v. Mason, 130 A.3d 601, 617 (Pa. 2015) (citations and

To be eligible for relief under the PCRA, the petitioner must plead and

prove by a preponderance of the evidence that his conviction or sentence

(i) A violation of the Constitution of this Commonwealth or the Constitution or laws of the United States which, in the circumstances of the particular case, so undermined the truth- determining process that no reliable adjudication of guilt or innocence could have taken place.

(ii) Ineffective assistance of counsel which, in the circumstances of the particular case, so undermined the truth-determining process that no reliable adjudication of guilt or innocence could have taken place.

(iii) A plea of guilty unlawfully induced where the circumstances make it likely that the inducement caused the petitioner to plead guilty and the petitioner is innocent.

(iv) The improper obstruction by government officials of the petitioner’s right of appeal where a meritorious appealable issue existed and was properly preserved in the trial court.

(vi) The unavailability at the time of trial of exculpatory evidence that has subsequently become available and would have changed the outcome of the trial if it had been introduced.

(vii) The imposition of a sentence greater than the lawful maximum.

42 Pa.C.S. § 9543(a)(2). Further, the petitioner must prove that the issue

has not been previously litigated or waived and that any failure to litigate the

issue “could not have been the result of any rational, strategic[,] or tactical

Insofar as effective assistance of trial counsel is implicated in Mislaie’s

[W]e begin with the presumption counsel is effective. To prevail on an ineffectiveness claim, appellant must satisfy, by a preponderance of the evidence, the performance and prejudice standard set forth in [Strickland]. In Pennsylvania, we have applied Strickland by looking to three elements an appellant must establish: (1) the underlying claim has arguable merit; (2) ____________________________________________

11See Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668 (1984); see also Commonwealth v. Pierce, 527 A.2d 973, 975 (Pa. 1987).

no reasonable basis existed for counsel’s actions or failure to act; and (3) appellant suffered prejudice as a result of counsel’s error, with prejudice measured by whether there is a reasonable probability that the result of the proceeding would have been different.

Commonwealth v. Hannibal, 156 A.3d 197, 206 (Pa. 2016) (citations

omitted). If any prong fails under Strickland, the court may proceed to

Here, Mislaie’s second appellate claim is based in trial court error—

rather than grounded in ineffective assistance of counsel—insofar as Mislaie

alleges that he received an excessive sentence based on an erroneous

calculation of the OGS. Such a claim does not implicate the legality of Mislaie’s

sentence and instead goes to the discretionary aspects of his sentence, which

is not cognizable under the PCRA. See Commonwealth v. Archer, 722 A.2d

203, 210-11 (Pa. Super. 1998) (en banc) (holding that “any misapplication of

the Sentencing Guidelines constitutes a challenge to the discretionary aspects

of sentence” and challenge to OGS calculation is claim sounding in

misapplication of Sentencing Guidelines); see also Commonwealth v.

Wrecks, 934 A.2d 1287, 1289 (Pa. Super. 2007) (stating that “[r]equests for

relief with respect to the discretionary aspects of sentence are not cognizable

in PCRA proceedings”). Accordingly, Mislaie is not entitled to relief on his

In turning to his third issue, Mislaie essentially presents the same claim,

but through the lens of ineffective assistance of counsel due to trial counsel’s

failure to file a post-sentence motion for reconsideration of sentence. Mislaie

presents argument that he both requested that trial counsel file a post-

sentence motion, and in any event, that counsel was professionally ineffective

for failing to file one based on the allegedly incorrect OGS calculation.

Pennsylvania law is clear that the failure to file a post-sentence motion,

requested or not, does not render counsel per se ineffective. See

Commonwealth v. Reaves, 923 A.2d 1119, 1129 (Pa. 2007). Indeed, where

counsel fails to file post-sentence motions, the traditional three-prong

Strickland/Pierce test applies to determine whether counsel was ineffective.

See id.; see also Commonwealth v. Grosella, 902 A.2d 1290, 1293-94

(Pa. Super. 2006) (distinguishing between counsel’s failure to file direct

appeal which completely forecloses appellant from direct review and counsel’s

failure to file post-sentence motion which narrows ambit of claims appellant

After our review, we conclude that Mislaie fails to establish prejudice

under the third prong of the Strickland/Pierce test. Specifically, Mislaie’s

reading of the Sentencing Guidelines is incorrect insofar as he identifies that

the Sentencing Guidelines would recommend a sentence of 1 to 2 years’

incarceration given his prior record score of 0. Instead, the Sentencing

Guidelines recommend: (1) a minimum term of five years’ incarceration,

which is greater than the maximum term of Mislaie’s imposed sentence; and

(2) a maximum term of the statutory limit, which is 40 years’ incarceration in

this case. See 204 Pa. Code § 303.15 (7th ed., amend. 6) (indicating OGS of

14 for conviction under 18 Pa.C.S. § 3121(c)); 204 Pa. Code § 303.16(a) (7th

ed., amend. 6) (applicable basic sentencing matrix); 18 Pa.C.S. § 3121(e)(1).

Mislaie is not entitled to relief where it is unlikely that he would have received

a reduction in sentence. See Reaves, 923 A.2d at 1131-32 (concluding that

appellant failed to establish prejudice where record did not show counsel’s

filing of motion for reconsideration of sentence would have secured reduction

in sentence). Further, we conclude that Mislaie’s claim also fails under the

second prong of the Strickland/Pierce test because counsel had a reasonable

basis for not challenging the sentence imposed where (1): Mislaie received

the benefit of his plea bargain insofar as the court imposed a more lenient

sentence than the otherwise applicable mandatory minimum sentence set

forth in 42 Pa.C.S. § 9718(a)(3); and (2) Mislaie received a sentence near the

low end of the mitigated range of the Sentencing Guidelines. See 204 Pa.

Code § 303.16(a) (7th ed., amend. 6) (applicable basic sentencing matrix).

Accordingly, no relief is due on Mislaie’s third issue on appeal.

In his fourth issue, Mislaie complains that PCRA counsel did not address

his Padilla claim in the no-merit letter and therefore the PCRA court

erroneously granted counsel’s application to withdraw. See Appellant’s Brief,

After our review, we conclude that, again, Mislaie fails to establish

prejudice under the third prong of the Strickland/Pierce test insofar as he

fails to show that immigration consequences apply to his case. See Hannibal,

156 A.3d at 206. Further, Mislaie fails under the second prong of the

Strickland/Pierce test because trial counsel had a reasonable basis to not

pursue any Padilla issue where Mislaie’s signed written plea colloquy sets

forth that he understood the potential immigration consequences of his plea, 12

and, at his plea hearing, Mislaie affirmed that he reviewed the written plea

colloquy with his defense counsel prior to pleading guilty. See N.T. Plea

Hearing, 8/8/22, at 8–10. Mislaie may not now contradict his statements that

he made on the record at his plea hearing. See Commonwealth v. Jamison,

284 A.3d 501, 506 (Pa. Super. 2022) (noting that “A defendant is bound by

the statements which he makes during his plea colloquy and cannot assert

challenges to his plea that contradict his statements when he entered the

plea.”). Accordingly, no relief is due on Mislaie’s fourth issue.

As to his fifth issue, Mislaie offers no argument in his brief on the claim

that he purports to raise. Accordingly, Mislaie has waived his fifth issue on

appeal. See Pa.R.A.P. 2119(a) (“The argument shall be divided into as

many parts as there are questions to be argued; and shall have at the

head of each part—in distinctive type or in type distinctively displayed—the

particular point treated therein, followed by such discussion and citation of

12 See Written Plea Colloquy, 8/8/22, at 3 (unpaginated) (“My plea of guilty

[. . .] will have the same effect in criminal law as if I had a trial and was convicted of the crimes to which I have pled guilty[. . . .] If am not a United States citizen, my plea of guilty [. . .] may subject me to MANDATORY DEPORTATION and other adverse immigration consequences. My attorney has answered, to my satisfaction, any questions I have had concerning adverse immigration consequences of this plea. I also acknowledged that I have had the opportunity to consult an attorney specializing in immigration and deportation law. I understand and agree that I am pleading guilty [. . .] to the crimes listed below.”) (emphasis in original).

authorities as are deemed pertinent.”) (emphasis added); see also

Commonwealth v. Woodard, 129 A.3d 480, 509 (Pa. 2015) (concluding

that appellant’s failure “to present any argument in support” of issue results

As none of Mislaie’s claims have merit, we find no abuse of discretion or

error of law in the PCRA court’s grant of PCRA counsel’s application to

withdraw. Accordingly, Mislaie is not entitled to any relief in this appeal.

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF : PENNSYLVANIA : v. : : : ISAAC MISLAIE : : Appellant : No. 3243 EDA 2024

Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered October 23, 2024 In the Court of Common Pleas of Delaware County Criminal Division at No(s): CP-23-CR-0004988-2021

BEFORE: PANELLA, P.J.E., KING, J., and FORD ELLIOTT, P.J.E. *

Isaac Mislaie appeals, pro se, from the order denying his first petition

filed pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act, 42 Pa.C.S. § 9541, et seq.

(PCRA). Mislaie alleges that: (1) PCRA counsel failed to comply with the

requirements of Turner and Finley and their progeny1; (2) the sentencing

court wrongly relied on a miscalculation of Mislaie’s offense gravity score

(OGS) at sentencing; (3) trial counsel was ineffective for failing to file a motion

for reconsideration of sentence; (4) trial counsel was ineffective for failing to

1See Commonwealth v. Turner, 544 A.2d 927 (Pa. 1988); see also Commonwealth v. Finley, 550 A.2d 213 (Pa. Super. 1988) (en banc). J-S05035-26

inform Mislaie of his rights under Padilla2; and (5) the PCRA court improperly

The relevant procedural history of this case is as follows. On August 8,

2022, Mislaie entered a hybrid guilty plea3 to rape of a child4 wherein: (1) the

Commonwealth would not make a specific sentencing recommendation; (2)

the guilty plea would be limited to one criminal count; and (3) the

Commonwealth would not invoke the applicable mandatory minimum

sentence.5 Sentencing was deferred to November 4, 2022, for the preparation

of a pre-sentence investigation report, psychosexual evaluation, and a

sexually violent predator assessment. At sentencing, the court acknowledged

receipt of, and its review of, the relevant report, evaluation, and assessment,

prior to imposing a sentence of five to ten years’ incarceration and designating

Mislaie a tier III registrant6 under the Pennsylvania Sex Offender Registration

and Notification Act.7 Mislaie, through his attorney, did not file a post-

3 A hybrid plea is one in which “the parties did not bargain for a specific sentence but negotiated as to a certain aspect of the sentence[.]” Commonwealth v. Heaster, 171 A.3d 268, 271 (Pa. Super. 2017).

sentence motion. Mislaie then timely appealed but later discontinued that

On November 15, 2023, Mislaie filed a pro se PCRA petition, his first, in

which he requested leave to file a post-sentence motion to allege that the

court imposed an unduly harsh sentence due to an error in the calculation of

the OGS. The court appointed PCRA counsel. On May 20, 2024, PCRA counsel

filed an application to withdraw and no-merit letter. Mislaie filed a pro se reply

on June 24, 2024, objecting to counsel’s withdrawal, seeking appointment of

alternate counsel should counsel’s withdrawal request be granted, and stating,

without temporal specificity, that trial counsel failed to honor Mislaie’s request

to file a motion for modification of sentence. On August 9, 2024, the PCRA

court granted PCRA counsel’s application to withdraw and filed notice of its

intent to dismiss Mislaie’s PCRA petition pursuant to Pennsylvania Rule of

Criminal Procedure 907. Mislaie replied to the court’s dismissal notice. On

October 23, 2024, the court dismissed Mislaie’s PCRA petition without a

hearing. Mislaie filed a timely pro se appeal on November 18, 2024, pursuant

8 The record reflects that Mislaie, while incarcerated, delivered his appeal to

prison authorities as of November 18, 2024. See Pa.R.A.P. 121(f); see also Commonwealth v. Jones, 700 A.2d 423, 426 (Pa. 1997) (holding that pro se prisoners’ appeals deemed filed as of the date they deliver them to prison authorities for mailing).

In his pro se appeal, Mislaie presents the following five issues for our

1. Whether the [PCRA] court’s determination that appointed counsel’s Turner/Finley “no-merit” letter met the [appropriate] standards/dictates was an abuse of discretion in reference to [Mislaie’s] claims presented in [his] pro se motion for post-conviction collateral relief?

2. Whether[] the sentence [. . .] imposed was excessive in that it was grounded on an erroneous [OGS]?

3. Whether [trial] counsel rendered ineffective assistance of counsel for not seeking sentencing reconsideration?

4. Whether it was an error of law for the PCRA court to adopt appointed PCRA counsel’s [Turner/Finley] “no-merit” letter [where] it did not address [Mislaie’s Padilla] claim where [Mislaie] is a Haitian [national] and was induced by the prompting of entering into his guilty plea without counsel advising [him] of [the] possibility of deportation proceedings?

5. Whether it was an abuse of discretion for the PCRA court to deny [Mislaie]’s discovery application that averred exceptional circumstances?

See Appellant’s Brief at 4 (suggested answers and unnecessary capitalization

As it relates to Mislaie’s first issue, Mislaie argues that PCRA counsel

“failed to detail his review of the record and conclu[de] that [Mislaie]’s claims

are meritless. [Counsel] did not provide to [Mislaie] the brief and advise

[Mislaie] of his right to retain new counsel or proceed pro se.” Appellant’s

9 Mislaie’s brief violates the rules of appellate procedure insofar as all of his

arguments are set forth in one single-spaced section in his brief. See e.g., Pa.R.A.P. 2119(a); see also Pa.R.A.P. 124(a)(3).

Brief at 8. Mislaie alleges that his OGS and Padilla claims have merit such

that withdrawal under Turner/Finley is inappropriate. See id. at 9-10. We

find that the PCRA court properly concluded that counsel substantially

complied with the technical requirements of Turner/Finley as explained

We have summarized the Turner/Finley requirements for counsel to

Counsel petitioning to withdraw from PCRA representation must proceed under [Turner and Finley] and must review the case zealously. Turner/Finley counsel must then submit a “no-merit” letter to the trial court, or brief on appeal to this Court, detailing the nature and extent of counsel’s diligent review of the case, listing the issues which petitioner wants to have reviewed, explaining why and how those issues lack merit, and requesting permission to withdraw.

Counsel must also send to the petitioner: (1) a copy of the “no[- ]merit” letter/brief; (2) a copy of counsel’s petition to withdraw; and (3) a statement advising petitioner of the right to proceed pro se or by new counsel.

Where counsel submits a petition and no-merit letter that satisfy the technical demands of Turner/Finley, the court—trial court or this Court—must then conduct its own review of the merits of the case. If the court agrees with counsel that the claims are without merit, the court will permit counsel to withdraw and deny relief.

Commonwealth v. Muzzy, 141 A.3d 509, 510-11 (Pa. Super. 2016) (ellipses

omitted). Substantial compliance with the requirements to withdraw as

counsel will satisfy the Turner/Finley criteria. See Commonwealth v.

Here, contrary to Mislaie’s claims, the record reflects that PCRA counsel

filed an application to withdraw and a no-merit letter in the PCRA court and

served those documents on Mislaie. 10 The PCRA court correctly observed that

the no-merit letter contains counsel’s statements that he: (1) reviewed the

case record and Mislaie’s written communications; (2) interviewed prior

counsel in the case; and (3) found Mislaie’s sentencing claim as identified in

his pro se PCRA petition to be meritless. See No-merit Letter, 5/20/24, at 1

(unpaginated). Further, the no-merit letter informs Mislaie of his right to hire

alternate counsel or proceed pro se. See id. at 3 (unpaginated). The record

confirms Mislaie received the duly filed and served documents, especially

where he responded pro se to counsel’s no-merit letter on June 24, 2024, and

further responded pro se to the court’s Rule 907 notice on August 30, 2024.

The PCRA court then conducted its own analysis, as required, when it issued

its Rule 907 notice and permitted counsel to withdraw. See Muzzy, 141 A.3d

at 511. As the record supports the court’s conclusion that PCRA counsel

substantially complied with the technical requirements of Turner/Finley, we

may proceed to our review of Mislaie’s issues on appeal to ensure they are

Mislaie asserts that his OGS issue has merit; thus, the court allegedly

improperly granted counsel’s withdrawal request and improperly denied PCRA

relief. Specifically, Mislaie maintains that Pennsylvania’s Sentencing

Guidelines for rape of a child lists an OGS that amounts to one to two years’ ____________________________________________

10 PCRA counsel filed the application to withdraw in the PCRA court, rather than with this Court on appeal, so, contrary to Mislaie’s claims, PCRA counsel was not required to file an appellate brief and serve Mislaie therewith.

incarceration rather than the sentence of five to ten years’ that he received.

See Appellant’s Brief, at 9. He argues that the court wrongly imposed an

excessive sentence and that trial counsel should have filed a post-sentence

motion for reconsideration of sentence on this basis. See id. We find no relief

On appeal from the denial of PCRA relief, our standard of review is as

Our review of a PCRA court’s decision is limited to examining whether the PCRA court’s findings of fact are supported by the record, and whether its conclusions of law are free from legal error. We view the findings of the PCRA court and the evidence of record in a light most favorable to the prevailing party. With respect to the PCRA court’s decision to deny a request for an evidentiary hearing, or to hold a limited evidentiary hearing, such a decision is within the discretion of the PCRA court and will not be overturned absent an abuse of discretion. The PCRA court’s credibility determinations, when supported by the record, are binding on th[e appellate courts]; however, [appellate courts] apply a de novo standard of review to the PCRA court’s legal conclusions[.]

Commonwealth v. Mason, 130 A.3d 601, 617 (Pa. 2015) (citations and

To be eligible for relief under the PCRA, the petitioner must plead and

prove by a preponderance of the evidence that his conviction or sentence

(i) A violation of the Constitution of this Commonwealth or the Constitution or laws of the United States which, in the circumstances of the particular case, so undermined the truth- determining process that no reliable adjudication of guilt or innocence could have taken place.

(ii) Ineffective assistance of counsel which, in the circumstances of the particular case, so undermined the truth-determining process that no reliable adjudication of guilt or innocence could have taken place.

(iii) A plea of guilty unlawfully induced where the circumstances make it likely that the inducement caused the petitioner to plead guilty and the petitioner is innocent.

(iv) The improper obstruction by government officials of the petitioner’s right of appeal where a meritorious appealable issue existed and was properly preserved in the trial court.

(vi) The unavailability at the time of trial of exculpatory evidence that has subsequently become available and would have changed the outcome of the trial if it had been introduced.

(vii) The imposition of a sentence greater than the lawful maximum.

42 Pa.C.S. § 9543(a)(2). Further, the petitioner must prove that the issue

has not been previously litigated or waived and that any failure to litigate the

issue “could not have been the result of any rational, strategic[,] or tactical

Insofar as effective assistance of trial counsel is implicated in Mislaie’s

[W]e begin with the presumption counsel is effective. To prevail on an ineffectiveness claim, appellant must satisfy, by a preponderance of the evidence, the performance and prejudice standard set forth in [Strickland]. In Pennsylvania, we have applied Strickland by looking to three elements an appellant must establish: (1) the underlying claim has arguable merit; (2) ____________________________________________

11See Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668 (1984); see also Commonwealth v. Pierce, 527 A.2d 973, 975 (Pa. 1987).

no reasonable basis existed for counsel’s actions or failure to act; and (3) appellant suffered prejudice as a result of counsel’s error, with prejudice measured by whether there is a reasonable probability that the result of the proceeding would have been different.

Commonwealth v. Hannibal, 156 A.3d 197, 206 (Pa. 2016) (citations

omitted). If any prong fails under Strickland, the court may proceed to

Here, Mislaie’s second appellate claim is based in trial court error—

rather than grounded in ineffective assistance of counsel—insofar as Mislaie

alleges that he received an excessive sentence based on an erroneous

calculation of the OGS. Such a claim does not implicate the legality of Mislaie’s

sentence and instead goes to the discretionary aspects of his sentence, which

is not cognizable under the PCRA. See Commonwealth v. Archer, 722 A.2d

203, 210-11 (Pa. Super. 1998) (en banc) (holding that “any misapplication of

the Sentencing Guidelines constitutes a challenge to the discretionary aspects

of sentence” and challenge to OGS calculation is claim sounding in

misapplication of Sentencing Guidelines); see also Commonwealth v.

Wrecks, 934 A.2d 1287, 1289 (Pa. Super. 2007) (stating that “[r]equests for

relief with respect to the discretionary aspects of sentence are not cognizable

in PCRA proceedings”). Accordingly, Mislaie is not entitled to relief on his

In turning to his third issue, Mislaie essentially presents the same claim,

but through the lens of ineffective assistance of counsel due to trial counsel’s

failure to file a post-sentence motion for reconsideration of sentence. Mislaie

presents argument that he both requested that trial counsel file a post-

sentence motion, and in any event, that counsel was professionally ineffective

for failing to file one based on the allegedly incorrect OGS calculation.

Pennsylvania law is clear that the failure to file a post-sentence motion,

requested or not, does not render counsel per se ineffective. See

Commonwealth v. Reaves, 923 A.2d 1119, 1129 (Pa. 2007). Indeed, where

counsel fails to file post-sentence motions, the traditional three-prong

Strickland/Pierce test applies to determine whether counsel was ineffective.

See id.; see also Commonwealth v. Grosella, 902 A.2d 1290, 1293-94

(Pa. Super. 2006) (distinguishing between counsel’s failure to file direct

appeal which completely forecloses appellant from direct review and counsel’s

failure to file post-sentence motion which narrows ambit of claims appellant

After our review, we conclude that Mislaie fails to establish prejudice

under the third prong of the Strickland/Pierce test. Specifically, Mislaie’s

reading of the Sentencing Guidelines is incorrect insofar as he identifies that

the Sentencing Guidelines would recommend a sentence of 1 to 2 years’

incarceration given his prior record score of 0. Instead, the Sentencing

Guidelines recommend: (1) a minimum term of five years’ incarceration,

which is greater than the maximum term of Mislaie’s imposed sentence; and

(2) a maximum term of the statutory limit, which is 40 years’ incarceration in

this case. See 204 Pa. Code § 303.15 (7th ed., amend. 6) (indicating OGS of

14 for conviction under 18 Pa.C.S. § 3121(c)); 204 Pa. Code § 303.16(a) (7th

ed., amend. 6) (applicable basic sentencing matrix); 18 Pa.C.S. § 3121(e)(1).

Mislaie is not entitled to relief where it is unlikely that he would have received

a reduction in sentence. See Reaves, 923 A.2d at 1131-32 (concluding that

appellant failed to establish prejudice where record did not show counsel’s

filing of motion for reconsideration of sentence would have secured reduction

in sentence). Further, we conclude that Mislaie’s claim also fails under the

second prong of the Strickland/Pierce test because counsel had a reasonable

basis for not challenging the sentence imposed where (1): Mislaie received

the benefit of his plea bargain insofar as the court imposed a more lenient

sentence than the otherwise applicable mandatory minimum sentence set

forth in 42 Pa.C.S. § 9718(a)(3); and (2) Mislaie received a sentence near the

low end of the mitigated range of the Sentencing Guidelines. See 204 Pa.

Code § 303.16(a) (7th ed., amend. 6) (applicable basic sentencing matrix).

Accordingly, no relief is due on Mislaie’s third issue on appeal.

In his fourth issue, Mislaie complains that PCRA counsel did not address

his Padilla claim in the no-merit letter and therefore the PCRA court

erroneously granted counsel’s application to withdraw. See Appellant’s Brief,

After our review, we conclude that, again, Mislaie fails to establish

prejudice under the third prong of the Strickland/Pierce test insofar as he

fails to show that immigration consequences apply to his case. See Hannibal,

156 A.3d at 206. Further, Mislaie fails under the second prong of the

Strickland/Pierce test because trial counsel had a reasonable basis to not

pursue any Padilla issue where Mislaie’s signed written plea colloquy sets

forth that he understood the potential immigration consequences of his plea, 12

and, at his plea hearing, Mislaie affirmed that he reviewed the written plea

colloquy with his defense counsel prior to pleading guilty. See N.T. Plea

Hearing, 8/8/22, at 8–10. Mislaie may not now contradict his statements that

he made on the record at his plea hearing. See Commonwealth v. Jamison,

284 A.3d 501, 506 (Pa. Super. 2022) (noting that “A defendant is bound by

the statements which he makes during his plea colloquy and cannot assert

challenges to his plea that contradict his statements when he entered the

plea.”). Accordingly, no relief is due on Mislaie’s fourth issue.

As to his fifth issue, Mislaie offers no argument in his brief on the claim

that he purports to raise. Accordingly, Mislaie has waived his fifth issue on

appeal. See Pa.R.A.P. 2119(a) (“The argument shall be divided into as

many parts as there are questions to be argued; and shall have at the

head of each part—in distinctive type or in type distinctively displayed—the

particular point treated therein, followed by such discussion and citation of

12 See Written Plea Colloquy, 8/8/22, at 3 (unpaginated) (“My plea of guilty

[. . .] will have the same effect in criminal law as if I had a trial and was convicted of the crimes to which I have pled guilty[. . . .] If am not a United States citizen, my plea of guilty [. . .] may subject me to MANDATORY DEPORTATION and other adverse immigration consequences. My attorney has answered, to my satisfaction, any questions I have had concerning adverse immigration consequences of this plea. I also acknowledged that I have had the opportunity to consult an attorney specializing in immigration and deportation law. I understand and agree that I am pleading guilty [. . .] to the crimes listed below.”) (emphasis in original).

authorities as are deemed pertinent.”) (emphasis added); see also

Commonwealth v. Woodard, 129 A.3d 480, 509 (Pa. 2015) (concluding

that appellant’s failure “to present any argument in support” of issue results

As none of Mislaie’s claims have merit, we find no abuse of discretion or

error of law in the PCRA court’s grant of PCRA counsel’s application to

withdraw. Accordingly, Mislaie is not entitled to any relief in this appeal.

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF : PENNSYLVANIA : v. : : : ISAAC MISLAIE : : Appellant : No. 3243 EDA 2024

Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered October 23, 2024 In the Court of Common Pleas of Delaware County Criminal Division at No(s): CP-23-CR-0004988-2021

BEFORE: PANELLA, P.J.E., KING, J., and FORD ELLIOTT, P.J.E. *

Isaac Mislaie appeals, pro se, from the order denying his first petition

filed pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act, 42 Pa.C.S. § 9541, et seq.

(PCRA). Mislaie alleges that: (1) PCRA counsel failed to comply with the

requirements of Turner and Finley and their progeny1; (2) the sentencing

court wrongly relied on a miscalculation of Mislaie’s offense gravity score

(OGS) at sentencing; (3) trial counsel was ineffective for failing to file a motion

for reconsideration of sentence; (4) trial counsel was ineffective for failing to

1See Commonwealth v. Turner, 544 A.2d 927 (Pa. 1988); see also Commonwealth v. Finley, 550 A.2d 213 (Pa. Super. 1988) (en banc). J-S05035-26

inform Mislaie of his rights under Padilla2; and (5) the PCRA court improperly

The relevant procedural history of this case is as follows. On August 8,

2022, Mislaie entered a hybrid guilty plea3 to rape of a child4 wherein: (1) the

Commonwealth would not make a specific sentencing recommendation; (2)

the guilty plea would be limited to one criminal count; and (3) the

Commonwealth would not invoke the applicable mandatory minimum

sentence.5 Sentencing was deferred to November 4, 2022, for the preparation

of a pre-sentence investigation report, psychosexual evaluation, and a

sexually violent predator assessment. At sentencing, the court acknowledged

receipt of, and its review of, the relevant report, evaluation, and assessment,

prior to imposing a sentence of five to ten years’ incarceration and designating

Mislaie a tier III registrant6 under the Pennsylvania Sex Offender Registration

and Notification Act.7 Mislaie, through his attorney, did not file a post-

3 A hybrid plea is one in which “the parties did not bargain for a specific sentence but negotiated as to a certain aspect of the sentence[.]” Commonwealth v. Heaster, 171 A.3d 268, 271 (Pa. Super. 2017).

sentence motion. Mislaie then timely appealed but later discontinued that

On November 15, 2023, Mislaie filed a pro se PCRA petition, his first, in

which he requested leave to file a post-sentence motion to allege that the

court imposed an unduly harsh sentence due to an error in the calculation of

the OGS. The court appointed PCRA counsel. On May 20, 2024, PCRA counsel

filed an application to withdraw and no-merit letter. Mislaie filed a pro se reply

on June 24, 2024, objecting to counsel’s withdrawal, seeking appointment of

alternate counsel should counsel’s withdrawal request be granted, and stating,

without temporal specificity, that trial counsel failed to honor Mislaie’s request

to file a motion for modification of sentence. On August 9, 2024, the PCRA

court granted PCRA counsel’s application to withdraw and filed notice of its

intent to dismiss Mislaie’s PCRA petition pursuant to Pennsylvania Rule of

Criminal Procedure 907. Mislaie replied to the court’s dismissal notice. On

October 23, 2024, the court dismissed Mislaie’s PCRA petition without a

hearing. Mislaie filed a timely pro se appeal on November 18, 2024, pursuant

8 The record reflects that Mislaie, while incarcerated, delivered his appeal to

prison authorities as of November 18, 2024. See Pa.R.A.P. 121(f); see also Commonwealth v. Jones, 700 A.2d 423, 426 (Pa. 1997) (holding that pro se prisoners’ appeals deemed filed as of the date they deliver them to prison authorities for mailing).

In his pro se appeal, Mislaie presents the following five issues for our

1. Whether the [PCRA] court’s determination that appointed counsel’s Turner/Finley “no-merit” letter met the [appropriate] standards/dictates was an abuse of discretion in reference to [Mislaie’s] claims presented in [his] pro se motion for post-conviction collateral relief?

2. Whether[] the sentence [. . .] imposed was excessive in that it was grounded on an erroneous [OGS]?

3. Whether [trial] counsel rendered ineffective assistance of counsel for not seeking sentencing reconsideration?

4. Whether it was an error of law for the PCRA court to adopt appointed PCRA counsel’s [Turner/Finley] “no-merit” letter [where] it did not address [Mislaie’s Padilla] claim where [Mislaie] is a Haitian [national] and was induced by the prompting of entering into his guilty plea without counsel advising [him] of [the] possibility of deportation proceedings?

5. Whether it was an abuse of discretion for the PCRA court to deny [Mislaie]’s discovery application that averred exceptional circumstances?

See Appellant’s Brief at 4 (suggested answers and unnecessary capitalization

As it relates to Mislaie’s first issue, Mislaie argues that PCRA counsel

“failed to detail his review of the record and conclu[de] that [Mislaie]’s claims

are meritless. [Counsel] did not provide to [Mislaie] the brief and advise

[Mislaie] of his right to retain new counsel or proceed pro se.” Appellant’s

9 Mislaie’s brief violates the rules of appellate procedure insofar as all of his

arguments are set forth in one single-spaced section in his brief. See e.g., Pa.R.A.P. 2119(a); see also Pa.R.A.P. 124(a)(3).

Brief at 8. Mislaie alleges that his OGS and Padilla claims have merit such

that withdrawal under Turner/Finley is inappropriate. See id. at 9-10. We

find that the PCRA court properly concluded that counsel substantially

complied with the technical requirements of Turner/Finley as explained

We have summarized the Turner/Finley requirements for counsel to

Counsel petitioning to withdraw from PCRA representation must proceed under [Turner and Finley] and must review the case zealously. Turner/Finley counsel must then submit a “no-merit” letter to the trial court, or brief on appeal to this Court, detailing the nature and extent of counsel’s diligent review of the case, listing the issues which petitioner wants to have reviewed, explaining why and how those issues lack merit, and requesting permission to withdraw.

Counsel must also send to the petitioner: (1) a copy of the “no[- ]merit” letter/brief; (2) a copy of counsel’s petition to withdraw; and (3) a statement advising petitioner of the right to proceed pro se or by new counsel.

Where counsel submits a petition and no-merit letter that satisfy the technical demands of Turner/Finley, the court—trial court or this Court—must then conduct its own review of the merits of the case. If the court agrees with counsel that the claims are without merit, the court will permit counsel to withdraw and deny relief.

Commonwealth v. Muzzy, 141 A.3d 509, 510-11 (Pa. Super. 2016) (ellipses

omitted). Substantial compliance with the requirements to withdraw as

counsel will satisfy the Turner/Finley criteria. See Commonwealth v.

Here, contrary to Mislaie’s claims, the record reflects that PCRA counsel

filed an application to withdraw and a no-merit letter in the PCRA court and

served those documents on Mislaie. 10 The PCRA court correctly observed that

the no-merit letter contains counsel’s statements that he: (1) reviewed the

case record and Mislaie’s written communications; (2) interviewed prior

counsel in the case; and (3) found Mislaie’s sentencing claim as identified in

his pro se PCRA petition to be meritless. See No-merit Letter, 5/20/24, at 1

(unpaginated). Further, the no-merit letter informs Mislaie of his right to hire

alternate counsel or proceed pro se. See id. at 3 (unpaginated). The record

confirms Mislaie received the duly filed and served documents, especially

where he responded pro se to counsel’s no-merit letter on June 24, 2024, and

further responded pro se to the court’s Rule 907 notice on August 30, 2024.

The PCRA court then conducted its own analysis, as required, when it issued

its Rule 907 notice and permitted counsel to withdraw. See Muzzy, 141 A.3d

at 511. As the record supports the court’s conclusion that PCRA counsel

substantially complied with the technical requirements of Turner/Finley, we

may proceed to our review of Mislaie’s issues on appeal to ensure they are

Mislaie asserts that his OGS issue has merit; thus, the court allegedly

improperly granted counsel’s withdrawal request and improperly denied PCRA

relief. Specifically, Mislaie maintains that Pennsylvania’s Sentencing

Guidelines for rape of a child lists an OGS that amounts to one to two years’ ____________________________________________

10 PCRA counsel filed the application to withdraw in the PCRA court, rather than with this Court on appeal, so, contrary to Mislaie’s claims, PCRA counsel was not required to file an appellate brief and serve Mislaie therewith.

incarceration rather than the sentence of five to ten years’ that he received.

See Appellant’s Brief, at 9. He argues that the court wrongly imposed an

excessive sentence and that trial counsel should have filed a post-sentence

motion for reconsideration of sentence on this basis. See id. We find no relief

On appeal from the denial of PCRA relief, our standard of review is as

Our review of a PCRA court’s decision is limited to examining whether the PCRA court’s findings of fact are supported by the record, and whether its conclusions of law are free from legal error. We view the findings of the PCRA court and the evidence of record in a light most favorable to the prevailing party. With respect to the PCRA court’s decision to deny a request for an evidentiary hearing, or to hold a limited evidentiary hearing, such a decision is within the discretion of the PCRA court and will not be overturned absent an abuse of discretion. The PCRA court’s credibility determinations, when supported by the record, are binding on th[e appellate courts]; however, [appellate courts] apply a de novo standard of review to the PCRA court’s legal conclusions[.]

Commonwealth v. Mason, 130 A.3d 601, 617 (Pa. 2015) (citations and

To be eligible for relief under the PCRA, the petitioner must plead and

prove by a preponderance of the evidence that his conviction or sentence

(i) A violation of the Constitution of this Commonwealth or the Constitution or laws of the United States which, in the circumstances of the particular case, so undermined the truth- determining process that no reliable adjudication of guilt or innocence could have taken place.

(ii) Ineffective assistance of counsel which, in the circumstances of the particular case, so undermined the truth-determining process that no reliable adjudication of guilt or innocence could have taken place.

(iii) A plea of guilty unlawfully induced where the circumstances make it likely that the inducement caused the petitioner to plead guilty and the petitioner is innocent.

(iv) The improper obstruction by government officials of the petitioner’s right of appeal where a meritorious appealable issue existed and was properly preserved in the trial court.

(vi) The unavailability at the time of trial of exculpatory evidence that has subsequently become available and would have changed the outcome of the trial if it had been introduced.

(vii) The imposition of a sentence greater than the lawful maximum.

42 Pa.C.S. § 9543(a)(2). Further, the petitioner must prove that the issue

has not been previously litigated or waived and that any failure to litigate the

issue “could not have been the result of any rational, strategic[,] or tactical

Insofar as effective assistance of trial counsel is implicated in Mislaie’s

[W]e begin with the presumption counsel is effective. To prevail on an ineffectiveness claim, appellant must satisfy, by a preponderance of the evidence, the performance and prejudice standard set forth in [Strickland]. In Pennsylvania, we have applied Strickland by looking to three elements an appellant must establish: (1) the underlying claim has arguable merit; (2) ____________________________________________

11See Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668 (1984); see also Commonwealth v. Pierce, 527 A.2d 973, 975 (Pa. 1987).

no reasonable basis existed for counsel’s actions or failure to act; and (3) appellant suffered prejudice as a result of counsel’s error, with prejudice measured by whether there is a reasonable probability that the result of the proceeding would have been different.

Commonwealth v. Hannibal, 156 A.3d 197, 206 (Pa. 2016) (citations

omitted). If any prong fails under Strickland, the court may proceed to

Here, Mislaie’s second appellate claim is based in trial court error—

rather than grounded in ineffective assistance of counsel—insofar as Mislaie

alleges that he received an excessive sentence based on an erroneous

calculation of the OGS. Such a claim does not implicate the legality of Mislaie’s

sentence and instead goes to the discretionary aspects of his sentence, which

is not cognizable under the PCRA. See Commonwealth v. Archer, 722 A.2d

203, 210-11 (Pa. Super. 1998) (en banc) (holding that “any misapplication of

the Sentencing Guidelines constitutes a challenge to the discretionary aspects

of sentence” and challenge to OGS calculation is claim sounding in

misapplication of Sentencing Guidelines); see also Commonwealth v.

Wrecks, 934 A.2d 1287, 1289 (Pa. Super. 2007) (stating that “[r]equests for

relief with respect to the discretionary aspects of sentence are not cognizable

in PCRA proceedings”). Accordingly, Mislaie is not entitled to relief on his

In turning to his third issue, Mislaie essentially presents the same claim,

but through the lens of ineffective assistance of counsel due to trial counsel’s

failure to file a post-sentence motion for reconsideration of sentence. Mislaie

presents argument that he both requested that trial counsel file a post-

sentence motion, and in any event, that counsel was professionally ineffective

for failing to file one based on the allegedly incorrect OGS calculation.

Pennsylvania law is clear that the failure to file a post-sentence motion,

requested or not, does not render counsel per se ineffective. See

Commonwealth v. Reaves, 923 A.2d 1119, 1129 (Pa. 2007). Indeed, where

counsel fails to file post-sentence motions, the traditional three-prong

Strickland/Pierce test applies to determine whether counsel was ineffective.

See id.; see also Commonwealth v. Grosella, 902 A.2d 1290, 1293-94

(Pa. Super. 2006) (distinguishing between counsel’s failure to file direct

appeal which completely forecloses appellant from direct review and counsel’s

failure to file post-sentence motion which narrows ambit of claims appellant

After our review, we conclude that Mislaie fails to establish prejudice

under the third prong of the Strickland/Pierce test. Specifically, Mislaie’s

reading of the Sentencing Guidelines is incorrect insofar as he identifies that

the Sentencing Guidelines would recommend a sentence of 1 to 2 years’

incarceration given his prior record score of 0. Instead, the Sentencing

Guidelines recommend: (1) a minimum term of five years’ incarceration,

which is greater than the maximum term of Mislaie’s imposed sentence; and

(2) a maximum term of the statutory limit, which is 40 years’ incarceration in

this case. See 204 Pa. Code § 303.15 (7th ed., amend. 6) (indicating OGS of

14 for conviction under 18 Pa.C.S. § 3121(c)); 204 Pa. Code § 303.16(a) (7th

ed., amend. 6) (applicable basic sentencing matrix); 18 Pa.C.S. § 3121(e)(1).

Mislaie is not entitled to relief where it is unlikely that he would have received

a reduction in sentence. See Reaves, 923 A.2d at 1131-32 (concluding that

appellant failed to establish prejudice where record did not show counsel’s

filing of motion for reconsideration of sentence would have secured reduction

in sentence). Further, we conclude that Mislaie’s claim also fails under the

second prong of the Strickland/Pierce test because counsel had a reasonable

basis for not challenging the sentence imposed where (1): Mislaie received

the benefit of his plea bargain insofar as the court imposed a more lenient

sentence than the otherwise applicable mandatory minimum sentence set

forth in 42 Pa.C.S. § 9718(a)(3); and (2) Mislaie received a sentence near the

low end of the mitigated range of the Sentencing Guidelines. See 204 Pa.

Code § 303.16(a) (7th ed., amend. 6) (applicable basic sentencing matrix).

Accordingly, no relief is due on Mislaie’s third issue on appeal.

In his fourth issue, Mislaie complains that PCRA counsel did not address

his Padilla claim in the no-merit letter and therefore the PCRA court

erroneously granted counsel’s application to withdraw. See Appellant’s Brief,

After our review, we conclude that, again, Mislaie fails to establish

prejudice under the third prong of the Strickland/Pierce test insofar as he

fails to show that immigration consequences apply to his case. See Hannibal,

156 A.3d at 206. Further, Mislaie fails under the second prong of the

Strickland/Pierce test because trial counsel had a reasonable basis to not

pursue any Padilla issue where Mislaie’s signed written plea colloquy sets

forth that he understood the potential immigration consequences of his plea, 12

and, at his plea hearing, Mislaie affirmed that he reviewed the written plea

colloquy with his defense counsel prior to pleading guilty. See N.T. Plea

Hearing, 8/8/22, at 8–10. Mislaie may not now contradict his statements that

he made on the record at his plea hearing. See Commonwealth v. Jamison,

284 A.3d 501, 506 (Pa. Super. 2022) (noting that “A defendant is bound by

the statements which he makes during his plea colloquy and cannot assert

challenges to his plea that contradict his statements when he entered the

plea.”). Accordingly, no relief is due on Mislaie’s fourth issue.

As to his fifth issue, Mislaie offers no argument in his brief on the claim

that he purports to raise. Accordingly, Mislaie has waived his fifth issue on

appeal. See Pa.R.A.P. 2119(a) (“The argument shall be divided into as

many parts as there are questions to be argued; and shall have at the

head of each part—in distinctive type or in type distinctively displayed—the

particular point treated therein, followed by such discussion and citation of

12 See Written Plea Colloquy, 8/8/22, at 3 (unpaginated) (“My plea of guilty

[. . .] will have the same effect in criminal law as if I had a trial and was convicted of the crimes to which I have pled guilty[. . . .] If am not a United States citizen, my plea of guilty [. . .] may subject me to MANDATORY DEPORTATION and other adverse immigration consequences. My attorney has answered, to my satisfaction, any questions I have had concerning adverse immigration consequences of this plea. I also acknowledged that I have had the opportunity to consult an attorney specializing in immigration and deportation law. I understand and agree that I am pleading guilty [. . .] to the crimes listed below.”) (emphasis in original).

authorities as are deemed pertinent.”) (emphasis added); see also

Commonwealth v. Woodard, 129 A.3d 480, 509 (Pa. 2015) (concluding

that appellant’s failure “to present any argument in support” of issue results

As none of Mislaie’s claims have merit, we find no abuse of discretion or

error of law in the PCRA court’s grant of PCRA counsel’s application to

withdraw. Accordingly, Mislaie is not entitled to any relief in this appeal.

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