J-S61004-17
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA Appellee
v.
STEVEN C. KOVACS A/K/A STEVEN C. MCCOY
Appellant No. 1073 EDA 2017
Appeal from the PCRA Order March 13, 2017 In the Court of Common Pleas of Bucks County Criminal Division at No(s): CP-09-CR-0006299-2014, CP-09-CR-0007583-2014
BEFORE: LAZARUS, J., RANSOM, J., and PLATT, J.*
MEMORANDUM BY LAZARUS, J.: FILED JANUARY 03, 2018
Steven Kovacs (a/k/a Steven McCoy) appeals from the order, entered
in the Court of Common Pleas of Bucks County, denying his petition filed
pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act (“PCRA”).1 Kovacs’ PCRA counsel
has also filed a petition to withdraw pursuant to Commonwealth v. Turner,
544 A.2d 927 (Pa. 1988), and Commonwealth v. Finley, 550 A.2d 213 (Pa.
Super. 1988). After careful review, we affirm and grant counsel’s petition to
withdraw.
____________________________________________
* Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.
1 42 Pa.C.S. §§ 9541-9546. J-S61004-17
On March 24, 2014, Kovacs was charged with manufacture, delivery, or
possession with intent to manufacture or deliver;2 criminal attempt;3 and
criminal conspiracy.4 On that date, officers from the Morrisville Police
Department responded to Kovacs’ residence to investigate allegations of
methamphetamine production and to conduct a well-being check on another
resident. While there, the police discovered paraphernalia associated with the
manufacture of methamphetamine. The Pennsylvania State Police Clandestine
Methamphetamine Laboratory Response Team processed the scene and found
a bottle containing 400 grams of fluid that tested positive for
methamphetamine. During the investigation, the police also recovered
packages of pseudoephedrine that Kovacs and another resident had
purchased the same day from different pharmacies. Because pseudoephedrine
is an ingredient in the preparation of methamphetamine, Kovacs was among
those individuals arrested in relation to the production of methamphetamine.
In a separate criminal information filed on September 8, 2014, Kovacs
was charged with simple assault,5 reckless endangerment of another person
2 35 P.S. § 780-113(a)(30).
3 18 Pa.C.S. § 901(a).
4 18 Pa.C.S. § 903.
5 18 Pa.C.S. § 2701(a)(1).
-2- J-S61004-17
(“REAP”),6 harassment,7 reckless driving,8 and careless driving.9 On
September 7, 2014, Kovacs violated a standing no-contact order and visited
the residence of Shelley Gonzales, ostensibly to recover personal property.10
While there, Kovacs became enraged over text messages he discovered on
Gonzales’ phone. A physical altercation ensued, during which Kovacs struck
Gonzales with a syringe. Gonzales’ mother arrived in a car and tried to flee
with Gonzales, but Kovacs leapt on the vehicle to impede Gonzales’ escape.
After falling off the car, Kovacs then entered his own vehicle and pursued
Gonzales and her mother onto the highway. Kovacs was arrested that day.
On April 13, 2015 Kovacs pled nolo contendere to simple assault, guilty
to two counts each of REAP and harassment, guilty to one count each of
reckless driving and careless driving, and guilty to manufacture of
methamphetamine and the related inchoate offenses.11 The plea resulted in
a sentence of three to ten years’ incarceration for manufacture of
methamphetamine and a total of 14 years’ probation, consecutive to
6 18 Pa.C.S. § 2705.
7 18 Pa.C.S. § 2709(a)(1)&(2).
8 18 Pa.C.S. § 3736(a).
9 18 Pa.C.S. § 3714(a).
10 Kovacs was previously arrested on August 8, 2014 for assaulting Gonzales.
11 At the same hearing, Kovacs also pled guilty to tampering with public records, but Kovacs did not appeal this plea.
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incarceration, for all other offenses.
During the guilty plea hearing, Kovacs refused to answer questions
about his satisfaction with trial counsel, and he similarly declined to answer
related questions on the written colloquy form. When questioned by the trial
judge, Kovacs made clear that he took issue with some aspects of trial
counsel’s representation, but he nonetheless acknowledged that he was
making the plea voluntarily and intelligently. N.T. Guilty Plea, 4/13/15, at 12-
15. Kovacs further agreed on the record that the plea was in his best interests
due to the significant downward departure in his sentence from the applicable
sentencing guidelines. Id.
Kovacs later stated that he pled guilty while intending to withdraw the
plea, seek new counsel, and proceed to trial. N.T. PCRA Hearing, 2/7/17, at
48-50. However, Kovacs did not withdraw his plea, nor did he file a timely
direct appeal. Thus, his judgment of sentence became final on May 13, 2015.
Kovacs filed a timely pro se PCRA petition on February 17, 2016. The court
appointed present PCRA counsel, and Kovacs amended his petition twice, on
May 18, 2016, and October 11, 2016. The PCRA court held a hearing on the
merits on February 7, 2017, and dismissed Kovacs’ petition on March 13,
2017. Kovacs filed this appeal on March 27, 2017. On July 10, 2017, Kovacs’
PCRA counsel filed a Turner/Finley no-merit letter and a request to withdraw
from representation.
-4- J-S61004-17
We first consider whether counsel has complied with the technical
requirements necessary to withdraw under Turner/Finley.
Counsel petitioning to withdraw from PCRA representation must proceed [under Turner/Finley and] must review the case zealously. Turner/Finley counsel must then submit a “no-merit” letter to the [PCRA] court, or [a] brief on appeal to this Court, detailing the nature and extent of counsel’s diligent review of the case, listing the issues [that] petitioner wants to have reviewed, explaining why and how those issues lack merit, and requesting permission to withdraw.
Counsel must also send to the petitioner: (1) a copy of the “no merit” letter/brief; (2) a copy of counsel’s petition to withdraw; and (3) a statement advising petitioner of the right to proceed pro se or by new counsel. * * * Where counsel submits a petition and no-merit letter that satisfy the technical demands of Turner/Finley, the court—[PCRA] court or this Court—must then conduct its own review of the merits of the case. If the court agrees with counsel that the claims are without merit, the court will permit counsel to withdraw and deny relief.
Commonwealth v. Doty, 48 A.3d 451, 454 (Pa. Super. 2012) (quoting
Commonwealth v. Wrecks, 931 A.2d 717, 721 (Pa. Super. 2007)).
Kovacs’ PCRA counsel has complied with the technical requirements of
Turner and Finley. Counsel filed a detailed brief that includes a synopsis of
the facts, an accurate recitation of the governing legal authority, and a legal
analysis which explains counsel’s conclusion that Kovacs’ PCRA appeal is
meritless. Counsel submitted a copy of this brief to Kovacs and to this Court,
along with a letter explaining Kovacs’ further appellate rights.
Because PCRA counsel complied with the technical requirements of
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J-S61004-17
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA Appellee
v.
STEVEN C. KOVACS A/K/A STEVEN C. MCCOY
Appellant No. 1073 EDA 2017
Appeal from the PCRA Order March 13, 2017 In the Court of Common Pleas of Bucks County Criminal Division at No(s): CP-09-CR-0006299-2014, CP-09-CR-0007583-2014
BEFORE: LAZARUS, J., RANSOM, J., and PLATT, J.*
MEMORANDUM BY LAZARUS, J.: FILED JANUARY 03, 2018
Steven Kovacs (a/k/a Steven McCoy) appeals from the order, entered
in the Court of Common Pleas of Bucks County, denying his petition filed
pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act (“PCRA”).1 Kovacs’ PCRA counsel
has also filed a petition to withdraw pursuant to Commonwealth v. Turner,
544 A.2d 927 (Pa. 1988), and Commonwealth v. Finley, 550 A.2d 213 (Pa.
Super. 1988). After careful review, we affirm and grant counsel’s petition to
withdraw.
____________________________________________
* Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.
1 42 Pa.C.S. §§ 9541-9546. J-S61004-17
On March 24, 2014, Kovacs was charged with manufacture, delivery, or
possession with intent to manufacture or deliver;2 criminal attempt;3 and
criminal conspiracy.4 On that date, officers from the Morrisville Police
Department responded to Kovacs’ residence to investigate allegations of
methamphetamine production and to conduct a well-being check on another
resident. While there, the police discovered paraphernalia associated with the
manufacture of methamphetamine. The Pennsylvania State Police Clandestine
Methamphetamine Laboratory Response Team processed the scene and found
a bottle containing 400 grams of fluid that tested positive for
methamphetamine. During the investigation, the police also recovered
packages of pseudoephedrine that Kovacs and another resident had
purchased the same day from different pharmacies. Because pseudoephedrine
is an ingredient in the preparation of methamphetamine, Kovacs was among
those individuals arrested in relation to the production of methamphetamine.
In a separate criminal information filed on September 8, 2014, Kovacs
was charged with simple assault,5 reckless endangerment of another person
2 35 P.S. § 780-113(a)(30).
3 18 Pa.C.S. § 901(a).
4 18 Pa.C.S. § 903.
5 18 Pa.C.S. § 2701(a)(1).
-2- J-S61004-17
(“REAP”),6 harassment,7 reckless driving,8 and careless driving.9 On
September 7, 2014, Kovacs violated a standing no-contact order and visited
the residence of Shelley Gonzales, ostensibly to recover personal property.10
While there, Kovacs became enraged over text messages he discovered on
Gonzales’ phone. A physical altercation ensued, during which Kovacs struck
Gonzales with a syringe. Gonzales’ mother arrived in a car and tried to flee
with Gonzales, but Kovacs leapt on the vehicle to impede Gonzales’ escape.
After falling off the car, Kovacs then entered his own vehicle and pursued
Gonzales and her mother onto the highway. Kovacs was arrested that day.
On April 13, 2015 Kovacs pled nolo contendere to simple assault, guilty
to two counts each of REAP and harassment, guilty to one count each of
reckless driving and careless driving, and guilty to manufacture of
methamphetamine and the related inchoate offenses.11 The plea resulted in
a sentence of three to ten years’ incarceration for manufacture of
methamphetamine and a total of 14 years’ probation, consecutive to
6 18 Pa.C.S. § 2705.
7 18 Pa.C.S. § 2709(a)(1)&(2).
8 18 Pa.C.S. § 3736(a).
9 18 Pa.C.S. § 3714(a).
10 Kovacs was previously arrested on August 8, 2014 for assaulting Gonzales.
11 At the same hearing, Kovacs also pled guilty to tampering with public records, but Kovacs did not appeal this plea.
-3- J-S61004-17
incarceration, for all other offenses.
During the guilty plea hearing, Kovacs refused to answer questions
about his satisfaction with trial counsel, and he similarly declined to answer
related questions on the written colloquy form. When questioned by the trial
judge, Kovacs made clear that he took issue with some aspects of trial
counsel’s representation, but he nonetheless acknowledged that he was
making the plea voluntarily and intelligently. N.T. Guilty Plea, 4/13/15, at 12-
15. Kovacs further agreed on the record that the plea was in his best interests
due to the significant downward departure in his sentence from the applicable
sentencing guidelines. Id.
Kovacs later stated that he pled guilty while intending to withdraw the
plea, seek new counsel, and proceed to trial. N.T. PCRA Hearing, 2/7/17, at
48-50. However, Kovacs did not withdraw his plea, nor did he file a timely
direct appeal. Thus, his judgment of sentence became final on May 13, 2015.
Kovacs filed a timely pro se PCRA petition on February 17, 2016. The court
appointed present PCRA counsel, and Kovacs amended his petition twice, on
May 18, 2016, and October 11, 2016. The PCRA court held a hearing on the
merits on February 7, 2017, and dismissed Kovacs’ petition on March 13,
2017. Kovacs filed this appeal on March 27, 2017. On July 10, 2017, Kovacs’
PCRA counsel filed a Turner/Finley no-merit letter and a request to withdraw
from representation.
-4- J-S61004-17
We first consider whether counsel has complied with the technical
requirements necessary to withdraw under Turner/Finley.
Counsel petitioning to withdraw from PCRA representation must proceed [under Turner/Finley and] must review the case zealously. Turner/Finley counsel must then submit a “no-merit” letter to the [PCRA] court, or [a] brief on appeal to this Court, detailing the nature and extent of counsel’s diligent review of the case, listing the issues [that] petitioner wants to have reviewed, explaining why and how those issues lack merit, and requesting permission to withdraw.
Counsel must also send to the petitioner: (1) a copy of the “no merit” letter/brief; (2) a copy of counsel’s petition to withdraw; and (3) a statement advising petitioner of the right to proceed pro se or by new counsel. * * * Where counsel submits a petition and no-merit letter that satisfy the technical demands of Turner/Finley, the court—[PCRA] court or this Court—must then conduct its own review of the merits of the case. If the court agrees with counsel that the claims are without merit, the court will permit counsel to withdraw and deny relief.
Commonwealth v. Doty, 48 A.3d 451, 454 (Pa. Super. 2012) (quoting
Commonwealth v. Wrecks, 931 A.2d 717, 721 (Pa. Super. 2007)).
Kovacs’ PCRA counsel has complied with the technical requirements of
Turner and Finley. Counsel filed a detailed brief that includes a synopsis of
the facts, an accurate recitation of the governing legal authority, and a legal
analysis which explains counsel’s conclusion that Kovacs’ PCRA appeal is
meritless. Counsel submitted a copy of this brief to Kovacs and to this Court,
along with a letter explaining Kovacs’ further appellate rights.
Because PCRA counsel complied with the technical requirements of
Turner/Finley, we now review the merits of the appeal. Although Kovacs did
-5- J-S61004-17
not file a pro se brief in light of his PCRA counsel’s intent to withdraw, we
review the merits of the issues identified in his underlying 1925(b) Concise
Statement of Matters Complained of on Appeal. Kovacs raises two issues,
both of which allege ineffectiveness of trial counsel:
1. Counsel was ineffective under the Sixth and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution and Art. I, §9 of the Pennsylvania Constitution for not advising Defendant to proceed to trial and motions to suppress evidence and statements he made due to Commonwealth violations of the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution and Art. I, §§1 8 and 9.
2. Counsel was ineffective under the Sixth and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution and Art I, §9 of the Pennsylvania Constitution for not preserving the Defendant’s appellate rights not consulting with him regarding an appeal, and helping him prosecute an appeal.
See Concise Statement of Errors Complained of on Appeal, 3/27/17 (errors in
original).
To be entitled to relief for ineffective assistance of counsel, a PCRA
petitioner must establish that: (1) the underlying claim has merit; (2) there
was no reasonable basis for counsel’s action or failure to act; and (3) but for
counsel’s course of conduct, there is a “reasonable probability the result of the
proceeding would have been different.” Commonwealth v. Treiber, 121
A.3d 435, 444 (Pa. 2015). Counsel’s conduct is effective as long as it “had
some reasonable basis designed to effectuate his client’s interests.”
Commonwealth v. Koehler, 36 A.3d 121, 132 (Pa. 2012). Failure to satisfy
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any of the three prongs is fatal to a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel.
Commonwealth v. Pond, 846 A.2d 669 (Pa. Super. 2004). Counsel is
presumed to provide effective assistance, and it is solely the petitioner’s
burden to prove ineffectiveness. Commonwealth v. Ali, 10 A.3d 282, 291
(Pa. 2010).
Kovacs first argues that trial counsel was ineffective for advising him to
plead guilty rather than proceed to trial. However, trial counsel’s advice to
plead guilty was reasonable, considering the severity of the potential sentence
and counsel’s belief in the weakness of the case. See, e.g., N.T. PCRA
Hearing, 2/7/17, at 9-10, 31 (counsel stating that Kovacs “could have gotten
as much as ten to 25 on the charge of criminal conspiracy,” that Kovacs’
“exposure was high,” and that Kovacs “clearly could have lost the
manufacturing case.”).
Although Kovacs alleges that his trial counsel was not prepared for trial,
this bald allegation is unsupported by the record. To the contrary, trial counsel
diligently investigated the facts and vigorously pursued available defenses.
N.T. PCRA Hearing, 2/7/17, at 9-10, 21-27, 29-31. Further, counsel filed an
omnibus pretrial motion to suppress physical evidence and statements in
anticipation of trial. Id. at 6-7. Likewise, counsel’s failure to introduce phone
records was reasonable under the circumstances, considering that Kovacs’ co-
conspirator was believed to be cooperating with the Commonwealth. Id. at
9-10, 31. Counsel’s advice to plead guilty, and counsel’s actions leading up
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to the plea, ultimately “had a reasonable basis designed to effectuate
[Kovacs’] interests.” Koehler, 36 A.3d at 132. Kovacs’ first claim fails to
prove ineffectiveness, and it warrants no relief.
Kovacs next alleges that his trial counsel was inadequate for failing to
preserve his appellate rights. While failure to file a timely appeal is per se
prejudicial in some circumstances, see Commonwealth v. Lantzy, 736 A.2d
564 (Pa. 1999), a PCRA petitioner “must prove that he asked counsel to file
an appeal in order to be entitled to relief.” Commonwealth v. Maynard,
900 A.2d 395 (Pa. Super. 2006). Even where a defendant does not ask his
attorney to file a direct appeal, counsel may still be ineffective if counsel does
not consult with the client about his appellate rights. Commonwealth v.
Markowitz, 32 A.3d 706 (Pa. Super. 2011) (citing Roe v. Flores-Ortega,
528 U.S. 470 (2000)). In this case, Kovacs acknowledges that trial counsel
informed him of his appellate rights, but Kovacs specifically declined to have
counsel file an appeal. See PCRA Hearing, 2/7/17, at 51-52, 58. Kovacs’ trial
counsel is not ineffective for failing to pursue an appeal that he was never
asked to pursue. For this reason, Kovacs’ second claim of ineffectiveness
warrants no relief.
Ultimately, we find no merit in Kovacs’ arguments. Accordingly, we
grant PCRA counsel’s motion to withdraw, and we affirm the PCRA court’s
dismissal of Kovacs’ petition.
Order affirmed.
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Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq. Prothonotary
Date: 1/3/2018
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