J-S32036-16
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA, IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA Appellee
v.
CLARENCE HENRY,
Appellant No. 2768 EDA 2015
Appeal from the PCRA Order August 28, 2015 in the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County Criminal Division at No.: CP-51-CR-0015552-2010
BEFORE: BOWES, J., MUNDY, J., and PLATT, J.*
MEMORANDUM BY PLATT, J.: FILED MAY 03, 2016
Appellant, Clarence Henry, appeals from the denial of his petition for
relief pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act (“PCRA”), 42 Pa.C.S.A.
§§ 9541–9546, after a hearing. He claims plea counsel was ineffective,
chiefly for inducing a guilty plea which was not knowing, voluntary and
intelligent, but also for failure to file a timely post-sentence motion to
withdraw it. We affirm on the basis of the PCRA court’s opinion.
In its opinion, the PCRA court fully and correctly sets forth the relevant
facts and procedural history of this case. (See PCRA Court Opinion,
11/05/15, at 1-3; see also N.T. Guilty Plea, 4/03/12, at 20-25). Therefore,
we have no reason to restate them at length here.
____________________________________________
* Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court. J-S32036-16
For the convenience of the reader, we note briefly that on April 3,
2012, Appellant, along with his two co-defendants, and after written and oral
guilty plea colloquies, entered a guilty plea to murder of the third degree,
conspiracy, and robbery. The same day, the court imposed the negotiated
sentence of not less than eighteen nor more than forty years’ incarceration.
The robbery and murder occurred during a pre-arranged drug deal.
Appellant’s co-conspirators, Watkins and Wiles, entered a house under the
pretext of purchasing drugs from the victim, Marcus Ramsey, also known as
Cornell (or Carnell) Fisher. Also present were Rodger Bookard, Richard
Fraser,1 and Dane Auld. Wiles and Ramsey were in the basement discussing
the sale of marijuana. Watkins, Bookard and Fraser were upstairs. While
discussing the deal, Watkins put Fraser in a headlock, held a gun to his head
and told him to call Ramsey back upstairs. Ramsey started upstairs but
when he saw Watkins with a gun he turned to go back down again. Watkins
fired two shots, hitting Ramsey in the back and side.
Wiles also pulled out a gun. The whole time he had been on his
cellphone. Shortly after the shooting of Ramsey, Appellant entered the
house brandishing an eighteen inch barrel gun. The three proceeded to rob
everyone in the house, going through their pockets. They also took the
1 “Fraser” is alternatively spelled “Frazer” in the record before us.
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marijuana, and fled. Ramsey was later declared dead at the Hospital of the
University of Pennsylvania.
Appellant filed a pro se PCRA petition in December of 2012. The court
appointed counsel, who filed an amended petition. After a hearing, the court
denied the petition. This timely appeal followed.2
Appellant raises the following three questions for our review:
I. Was counsel for Appellant constitutionally ineffective under the Sixth Amendment for mis-advising Appellant resulting in Appellant entering into an involuntary guilty plea?
II. Was counsel for Appellant constitutionally ineffective under the Sixth Amendment for advising Appellant to enter into a guilty plea when the evidence against Appellant was not credible and was against the incontrovertible physical facts?
III. Was counsel for Appellant constitutionally ineffective under the Sixth Amendment for failing to file a timely pro se [sic] post sentence motion to withdraw Appellant’s guilty plea?
(Appellant’s Brief, at 3).3
2 Appellant filed a concise statement of errors on September 22, 2015. The PCRA court filed its opinion on November 5, 2015. See Pa.R.A.P. 1925. 3 We note that Appellant presented six over-lapping claims of error in the concise statement. Of the three issues Appellant raises on appeal for our review, the first corresponds roughly with the first statement of error; the second question to the third allegation of error; and the third question to the fourth allegation of error. The sixth assertion of error is a general summation with no specific error alleged. We deem the balance of Appellant’s assignments of error abandoned. In particular, we agree with the PCRA court that Appellant waived the claim plea counsel failed to explain the manifest injustice standard to him. (See PCRA Ct. Op., at 6).
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The essence of Appellant’s underlying claim is that he followed the
advice of his counsel and entered a guilty plea on the misunderstanding that
he could withdraw it shortly after sentencing so that he could proceed to trial
alone, without his co-defendants. (See id. at 5).
“We view the findings of the PCRA court and the evidence of record in
a light most favorable to the prevailing party.” Commonwealth v. Mason,
130 A.3d 601, 617 (Pa. 2015) (citation omitted). We further note that in all
relevant aspects the PCRA court found plea counsel to be credible and the
contrary testimony of Appellant to be incredible. (See PCRA Ct. Op., at 5)
(finding Appellant “utterly incredible”). As noted by the PCRA court,
“[w]here a PCRA court’s credibility determinations are supported by the
record, they are binding on the reviewing court.” (Id. at 3) (citations
omitted).
After a thorough review of the record, the briefs of the parties, the
applicable law, and the well-reasoned opinion of the PCRA court, we
conclude that there is no merit to the issues Appellant has raised on appeal.
The PCRA court opinion properly disposes of the questions presented. (See
PCRA Ct. Op., at 4-10; (concluding: (1) there is no credible evidence that
Appellant’s guilty plea was in any manner unknowing or involuntary; (2)
plea counsel had a reasonable basis to believe, and credibly testified that,
while certain ballistics evidence would have been helpful to the defense, it
was not enough to undermine the Commonwealth’s compelling evidence of
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guilt, which would have led to a life sentence for Appellant; (3) Appellant
failed to establish any basis for a motion to withdraw his guilty plea, and
plea counsel correctly believed that there were no valid grounds on which to
base a motion to withdraw the plea); and (4) Appellant’s claims of plea
counsel’s ineffectiveness were properly rejected.)).
Accordingly, we affirm on the basis of the PCRA court’s opinion.
Order affirmed.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq. Prothonotary
Date: 5/3/2016
-5- Circulated 04/06/2016 03:40 PM
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS FIRST illDICIAL DISTRICT OF PENNSYLVANIA CRIMINAL TRIAL DIVISION
COMMONWEALTH OF CP-51-CR-0015552-2010 PENNSYLVANIA
V. FILED CLARENCE HENRY NOV O 5 2015
OPINION Post Trial Umt
BRONSON,J. November 5, 2015
I. PROCEDURALBACKGROUND
On April 3, 2012, defendant Clarence Henry pled guilty to one count each of third-degree
murder (18 Pa.C.S. § 2502), criminal conspiracy (18 Pa.C.S. § 903), and robbery (18 Pa.C.S. §
3 701 ). That same day, the Court imposed the negotiated sentence of eighteen to forty years
incarceration. Defendant was represented at the guilty plea hearing by Anthony Petrone,
Esquire.
On December 13, 2012, defendant filed a prose petition under the Post-Conviction
Relief Act ("PCRA") ("Pro Se Petition"). On April 3, 2013, Teri B. Himebaugh, Esquire entered
her appearance on behalf of defendant. On July 12, 2013, Ms. Himebaugh filed an Amended
PCRA Petition ("Amended Petition") raising claims that: 1) trial counsel was ineffective for
coercing defendant to enter into an involuntary guilty plea; 2) trial counsel was ineffective for
advising defendant to plead guilty; 3) trial counsel was ineffective for failing to file a timely
post-sentence motion to withdraw defendant's guilty plea; and 4) trial counsel was ineffective for
failing to request a pre-sentence investigation report. Amended Petition at p. 3. On May 12, 2015, the Court held an evidentiary hearing on defendant's claims.1 On August 28, 2015, after
having received post-hearing briefs from the parties, the Court rendered finding of fact and
conclusions of law, and entered an order dismissing defendant's PCRA Petition. This appeal
followed.
II. FACTUAL BACKGROUND
The factual basis proffered by the Commonwealth for defendant's guilty plea established
the following. In early May, 2009, Rodger Bookard and Richard Frazier were discussing
marijuana that they had purchased from Marcus Ramsey.r Bookard stated that his friend, co-
defendant Evan Wiles, would be interested in getting some of that marijuana. This led to
telephone conversations during which Bookard made arrangements for Wiles to meet Ramsey.
On May 8, 2009, Wiles and co-defendant Michael Watkins, together with Bookard and
Frazier, went to a home on the 7300 block of Gorman Street in Philadelphia to meet with
Ramsey. Wiles and Ramsey were in the basement discussing the possible sale of the marijuana
that Ramsey had brought with him, while Watkins, Bookard, and Frazier were in the living room
of the house. At some point, Frazier went to the kitchen where Watkins placed him in a
headlock, pulled out a gun, pointed it at Frazier's head, and ordered Frazier to call Ramsey
upstairs. Wiles also came into the kitchen with a drawn gun and began talking on the phone.
Frazier called to Ramsey as Watkins had demanded and Ramsey began coming up the stairs. As
Ramsey came up the stairs he saw Watkins with the gun and began fleeing back down the stairs.
Watkins then fired twice at Ramsey, striking him in the back and side.
Shortly after the shooting, defendant entered the home wielding a weapon with an 18-
inch barrel. Defendant, Watkins, and Wiles began going through the pockets of everyone else in
1 At the time of the hearing, defendant withdrew his claim regarding the presentence report. N.T. 5/12/2015 at 9. 2 Ramsey was also identified as Cornell Fisher. N.T. 4/3/12 at 21. Frazier's name is alternatively spelled as "Fraser" at the guilty plea hearing and in defendant's Amended Petition. N.T. 4/3/12 at 20.
2 the home, taking numerous items as well as the marijuana, before leaving. Ramsey was later
found dead in the basement. N.T. 4/3/12 at 20-25.
III. DISCUSSION
Defendant claims on appeal that: 1) defendant's plea was involuntary as it was based on a
misunderstanding of the law and/or misinformation provided by trial counsel; 2) trial counsel
was ineffective for failing to properly explain to defendant that if he pled guilty, he would not be
able to meet the manifest injustice standard necessary to withdraw his plea; 3) trial counsel was
ineffective for advising defendant to plead guilty given that the key Commonwealth witness was
contradicted by the physical evidence, that defendant had an alibi, and that the co-defendants
were willing to testify on defendant's behalf; 4) trial counsel was ineffective for failing to file a
motion to withdraw defendant's guilty plea; 5) the Court erred in finding trial counsel's
testimony at the evidentiary hearing to be more credible than the testimony of defendant; and 6)
the Court erred in finding that defendant was not entitled to relief. Appellant's Concise
Statement of Matters Complained of on Appeal ("Statement of Errors") at ,r 1. These claims are
without merit.
An appellate court's review of a PCRA court's grant or denial of relief "is limited to
determining whether the court's findings are supported by the record and the court's order is
otherwise free oflegal error." Commonwealth v. Yager, 685 A.2d 1000, 1003 (Pa. Super. 1996)
(citing Commonwealth v. Legg, 669 A.2d 389, 391 (Pa. Super. 1995)). The reviewing court "will
not disturb findings that are supported by the record." Id. Moreover, "[w]here a PCRA court's
credibility determinations are supported by the record, they are binding on the reviewing court."
Commonwealth v. White, 734 A.2d 374, 381 (Pa. 1999) (citing Commonwealth v. Abu-Jamal,
720 A.2d 79, 93-94 (Pa. 1998)).
3 Many of defendant's claims are premised upon allegations of trial counsel's
ineffectiveness. Under Pennsylvania law, counsel is presumed effective and the burden to prove
otherwise lies with the petitioner. Commonwealth v. Basemore, 744 A.2d 717, 728 (Pa. 2000),
n.10 (citing Commonwealth v. Copenhefer, 719 A.2d 242, 250 (Pa. 1998)). To obtain collateral
relief based on the ineffective assistance of counsel, a petitioner must show that counsel's
representation fell below accepted standards of advocacy and that as a result thereof, the
petitioner was prejudiced. Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 694 (1984). In
Pennsylvania, the Strickland standard is interpreted as requiring proof that: (1) the claim
underlying the ineffectiveness claim had arguable merit; (2) counsel's actions lacked any
reasonable basis; and (3) the ineffectiveness of counsel caused the petitioner prejudice.
Commonwealth v. Miller, 987 A.2d 638, 648 (Pa. 2009); Commonwealth v. Pierce, 527 A.2d
973, 974-75 (Pa. 1987). To satisfy the third prong of the test, the petitioner must prove that, but
for counsel's error, there is a reasonable probability that the outcome of the proceeding would
have been different. Commonwealth v. Sneed, 899 A.2d 1067, 1084 (Pa. 2006) (citing
Strickland, 466 U.S. at 694). At a PCRA hearing, the defendant has the burden of establishing
by a preponderance of the evidence that he is eligible for relief under the Act. 42. Pa.C.S. §
9543(a).
A. Involuntariness of Defendant's Guilty Plea
Defendant first asserts that the Court erred in finding that defendant's "plea was
voluntary, intelligent, and knowing in that it was based on a misunderstanding of the law and
[defendant's] rights and/or miss-information [sic] that counsel gave to [defendant]." Statement
of Errors at ~ 1. Where, as here, a claim is made that a plea was involuntary due to counsel's
errors, that claim is properly considered as one of ineffective assistance of counsel, and not under
4 the separate provision of the PCRA pertaining to guilty pleas. Commonwealth v. Hickman, 799
A.2d 136, 141 (Pa. Super. 2002).
The misinformation and erroneous legal information that form the basis for defendant's
claim were specifically set forth in the affidavit of defendant attached to the Amended Petition.
There, defendant claimed that trial counsel, Anthony Petrone, told defendant that it would be
strategically advantageous for defendant to sever his case from his co-defendants, and that the
only way to accomplish that severance would be to plead guilty on the day of trial, and then
subsequently move to withdraw the guilty plea.3 According to defendant, he followed counsel's
advice and pled guilty, even though he was innocent and had an alibi. This advice from counsel,
however, turned out to be a ruse, since counsel refused to file the motion to withdraw the guilty
plea. As a result, defendant was "tricked" and "betrayed" by counsel into giving up his right to a
trial. Exhibit Pl to Amended Petition (Affidavit of July 9, 2013 of Clarence Henry); see
Amended Petition at p.5.
Unfortunately for defendant, the evidence adduced at the evidentiary hearing
convincingly established that the factual basis asserted for this claim was utterly false. At the
hearing, Mr. Petrone testified that he never, at any time, recommended that defendant plead
guilty as part of a strategy to attempt to withdraw the plea at a later time and go to trial without
the co-defendants. N.T. 5/12/15 at 14-15, 21-22, 31, 53-54. The Court found this testimony to be
credible, and the contrary testimony of defendant, which was consistent with his affidavit, N.T.
5/12/15 at 67-68, 73-74, to be utterly incredible. N.T. 8/28/15 at 4-5 (findings of fact and
conclusions oflaw of the Court). The credibility of theses witnesses was a matter properly
3 Mr. Petrone had previously filed a motion to sever, but that motion had been denied by the Court. N.T. 5/12/2015 at 13-14.
5 determined by the PCRA court. White, 734 A.2d at 381. Because defendant completely failed to
establish the factual predicate for his claim, it was properly rejected.
Moreover, a review of the guilty plea hearing held in this matter shows that defendant
reviewed and signed a written plea colloquy prior to entering his plea. N.T. 4/3/12 at 5-7. In
addition, the Court conducted an extensive oral colloquy of defendant and defendant testified
that he was entering his plea because he was, in fact, guilty and that no additional promises,
threats, or force were used to induce defendant to plead. N.T. 4/3/12 at 29-31. There is no
credible evidence in the record to suggest that defendant's guilty plea was in any manner
unknowing or involuntary. No relief is due.
B. Failure to Explain the Effect of the Manifest Injustice Standard
Defendant asserts that trial counsel was ineffective for "failing to properly explain to
[ defendant] that if he entered into the plea, he would not be able to meet the manifest injustice
standard in order to withdraw the plea." Statement of Errors at ,r 2. However, at no time, either
in his Pro Se Petition or in his Amended Petition, did defendant allege that trial counsel failed to
properly explain the legal standard for withdrawing his guilty plea following sentencing, or
failed to properly advise him that he would not be able to meet that standard. Because
defendant's claim was never raised before the trial court, it has been waived for purposes of
appeal. Commonwealth v. Rigg, 84 A.3d 1080, 1084-85 (Pa. Super. 2014).4
4 The only time defendant mentioned the "manifest injustice" standard in his Amended Petition was in the context of an altogether different claim, that is, that counsel was ineffective for not moving to withdraw the guilty plea since the manifest injustice standard was met and therefore such a motion would have been granted. Amended Petition p. 12. That claim, which is discussed below, is obviously different from the above claim, now raised for the first time on appeal, that counsel was ineffective for not telling defendant that the manifest injustice standard could not be met
6 C. Advising Defendant to Plead Guilty Notwithstanding a Weak Commonwealth Case
Defendant asserts that trial counsel was ineffective for "advising [ defendant] to take the
plea when counsel was aware that the Commonwealth's key witness (Frazier) testimony was
contradicted by incontrovertible physical facts, [defendant] had an alibi and [defendant's] co-
defendants were willing and available to testify on [defendant's] behalf to exculpatory facts."
Statement of Errors at ,r 3. This claim is without merit.
"Where the defendant enters his plea on the advice of counsel, the voluntariness of the
plea depends on whether counsel's advice was within the range of competence demanded of
attorneys in criminal cases." Hickman, 799 A.2d at 141 (internal quotation marks and citations
omitted). Here, Mr. Petrone credibly testified at the evidentiary hearing that there was
compelling evidence against defendant that could well have resulted in a conviction requiring a
life sentence. N.T. 5/12/15 at 32-39. The Commonwealth's contention was that defendant
participated in a robbery during which the victim was shot and killed by one of defendant's co-
conspirators. If those facts were proven at trial, defendant would be guilty of second degree
murder, requiring a life sentence, even if defendant did not personally do the killing and even if
he had no intent to kill. See 18 Pa.C.S. §§ 1102(b) (mandatory life sentence for second degree
murder) & 2502(b) ( defining second degree murder). Mr. Petrone testified that he was concerned
that there were eyewitnesses describing one of the assailants as having tattoos running up and
down his hands and arms. The witnesses' descriptions of this unusual pattern of tattoos
accurately described defendant's tattoos. N.T. 5/12/2015 at 32-33. Also, two eyewitnesses
identified defendant from a lineup even though the participants in the lineup had their arms
behind their backs so that the tattoos were hidden. N.T. 5/12/2015 at 33-34. In addition, cell
phone records at the time of the homicide showed phone contact between defendant and two of
7 the co-conspirators. N.T. 5/12/2015 at 35-36. This was all compelling evidence that could
readily have resulted in a jury verdict requiring a life sentence.
It is true that ballistics evidence was available that could have impeached one of the
Commonwealth's eyewitnesses. In particular, witness Frazier stated that defendant fired shots in
a location where there was no ballistic evidence of any shots having been fired. Nevertheless,
Mr. Petrone credibly stated that this evidence, while helpful to the defense, was not enough to
undermine the Commonwealth's compelling evidence of guilt. N.T. 5/12/2015 at 37-38.
As for the purported alibi, Mr. Petrone, credibly testified that he had never heard of
defendant's alibi witness, Aaron Henry, prior to the PCRA proceedings. N. T. 5/12/15 at 17, 29-
30. Mr. Petrone also credibly testified that defendant never contended at any time prior to the
PCRA hearing that the codefendants were willing to testify on defendant's behalf. N.T. 5/12/15
at 54.
The record thus amply supports the Court's finding that Mr. Petrone had a reasonable
basis to believe that the weaknesses in the Commonwealth's case were likely insufficient to
successfully prevent defendant's conviction for a form of homicide requiring a life sentence.
The record similarly refutes defendant's claim that counsel was aware of an alibi witness and
that the co-defendants were willing to testify on defendant's behalf. Accordingly, defendant's
claim of trial counsel ineffectiveness for advising defendant to plead guilty was properly
rejected.
D. Failure to File Motion to Withdraw Guilty Plea
Defendant further asserts that trial counsel was ineffective "for failing to timely file a
motion to withdraw [defendant's] plea after [defendant] specifically requested his attorney to do
so." Statement of Errors at ,r 4. This claim is without merit.
8 "[W]here a defendant seeks to withdraw a plea of guilty after sentence has been imposed,
he must demonstrate that a manifest injustice will result if he is not allowed to withdraw the
plea." Commonwealth v. Myers, 642 A.2d 1103, 1104 (Pa. Super. 1994). Manifest injustice may
only be established by proving that the plea was not tendered knowingly, intentionally and
voluntarily. Commonwealth v. Broaden, 980 A.2d 124, 128 (Pa. Super. 2009), appeal denied,
992 A.2d 885 (Pa. 2010). "In determining whether a plea is valid, the court must examine the
totality of circumstances surrounding the plea." Id. at 128.
In his Amended Petition, defendant alleged that he requested counsel to move to
withdraw defendant's guilty plea and that counsel ignored this request. Amended Petition at pp.
10-11. Mr. Petrone testified at the evidentiary hearing that he received a letter from defendant on
April 8, 2012, in which defendant requested that counsel file a motion to withdraw defendant's
guilty plea. N.T. 5/12/15 at 19. Mr. Petrone also testified that defendant's request was premised
upon his belief that he could now be tried without his co-defendants, as they had pled guilty.
N.T. 5/12/15 at 27-28. Mr. Petrone testified that he responded to defendant's request on April 12,
2012, stating that he did not believe there were any valid grounds on which to move to withdraw
the plea. N.T. 5/12/15 at 21-22, 27.
The Court agrees with Mr. Petrone. Such a motion would have been baseless since there
is absolutely nothing in the record to suggest that defendant's plea was not knowing, intelligent,
and voluntary. As stated above, defendant reviewed and signed a written plea colloquy prior to
entering his plea. N.T. 4/3/12 at 5-7. In addition, the Court conducted an extensive oral
colloquy of defendant and defendant testified that he was entering his plea because he was, in
fact, guilty and that no additional promises, threats, or force were used to induce defendant to
9 plead. N.T. 4/3/12 at 29-31. Because defendant failed to establish any basis for a successful
post-sentence motion to withdraw his guilty plea, no relief is due.
E. Court Error in Crediting Evidentiary Hearing Testimony
Defendant next asserts that the Court "erred in finding that [defendant's] testimony and
evidence was not as credible as that given by trial counsel; Specifically, [ defendant] avers that
the Court's findings are inconsistent with and contrary to the evidence presented, and that the
Court did not sufficiently credit and weigh [defendant's] lack of knowledge of the plea and trial
process ... " Statement of Errors at ~ 5. The credibility of the witnesses at a PCRA hearing is a
matter vested in the sound discretion of the PCRA court. Such determinations are binding upon
the reviewing court provided these determinations are supported by the record. Commonwealth
v. Johnson, 966 A.2d 523, 539 (Pa. 2009); White, 734 A.2d at 381. As described above, the
Court's evidentiary hearing credibility determinations are fully supported by the record in this
matter. No relief is due.
F. Court Error in Finding No Error
Finally, defendant asserts that the Court "erred in finding that [ defendant] is not entitled to
relief." Statement of Errors at~ 6. For the reasons stated above, all of defendant's claims are
without merit. Therefore, the Court correctly ruled that defendant is not entitled to relief.
IV. CONCLUSION
For the foregoing reasons, the Court's order dismissing defendant's PCRA petition
should be affirmed.
BY THE COURT:
&111, /J /1 ~l~~1~~ GLENN B. BRONSON, J.