J-S01032-19
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF : PENNSYLVANIA Appellee : : v. : : THOMAS EARL BECKER : : Appellant : No. 1051 MDA 2018
Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered April 30, 2018 In the Court of Common Pleas of Lancaster County Criminal Division at No.: CP-36-CR-0002306-2012
BEFORE: PANELLA, P.J., MURRAY, J., and PELLEGRINI*, J.
MEMORANDUM BY PELLEGRINI, J.: FILED: JANUARY 29, 2019
Thomas Earl Becker (Becker) appeals from an order of the Court of
Common Pleas of Lancaster County (PCRA court) dismissing his petition filed
pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act (PCRA), 42 Pa.C.S. §§ 9541-9546.
We affirm.
We take the following relevant facts and procedural history from this
Court’s opinion filed on May 12, 2017, on direct appeal as well as our
independent review of the certified record. On May 15, 2013, a jury convicted
Becker of three counts each of indecent assault and corruption of minors, two
counts of aggravated indecent assault of a child, and one count of rape of a
child. The conviction stemmed from Becker’s sexual abuse of his
granddaughter and two step-granddaughters at his home over an extended
*Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court. J-S01032-19
period of time. Becker was sentenced to an aggregate term of not less than
thirty-two years and nine months nor more than sixty-six years’
imprisonment. However, Becker’s sentence included mandatory minimum
terms for his convictions of rape of a child and aggravated indecent assault of
a child. We affirmed the judgment of sentence. (See Commonwealth v.
Becker, 108 A.3d 105 (Pa. Super. 2014) (unpublished memorandum)).
Becker then filed a pro se PCRA petition, later amended by appointed
counsel, claiming that trial counsel was ineffective for failing to properly advise
him of his constitutional right to testify, as well as contending that the
mandatory minimum sentences were illegal in light of this Court’s decision in
Wolfe, infra.1 (See PCRA petition, 7/27/15, at 3; Amended PCRA petition,
10/23/15, at 2-5). The trial court stayed the PCRA petition pending our
Supreme Court’s review of Wolfe.
After Wolfe was affirmed by our Supreme Court, the Commonwealth
filed a response to the PCRA petition agreeing that Becker was entitled to
resentencing. However, the Commonwealth disputed that Becker was entitled
to relief on his ineffective assistance of counsel claim because an evidentiary
hearing was necessary to make out that claim. The Commonwealth went on
to state that Becker could immediately to proceed to re-sentencing by
foregoing his ineffective assistance of counsel claim. (See id.). Taking the ____________________________________________
1 See Commonwealth v. Wolfe, 106 A.3d 800 (Pa. Super. 2014), affirmed, 140 A.3d 651 (Pa. 2016) (holding mandatory minimum sentencing statute relating to offenses against children unconstitutional).
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Commonwealth up on its suggestion, Becker proceeded to re-sentencing
which resulted in an aggregate term of not less than twenty-eight years and
six months nor more than fifty-eight years and eight months’ incarceration.
This Court affirmed the amended judgment of sentence on May 12, 2017, and
our Supreme Court denied further review on October 12, 2017. (See
Commonwealth v. Becker, 2017 WL 2113399 (Pa. Super. 2017)
(unpublished memorandum), appeal denied, 172 A.3d 1111 (Pa. 2017)).
On November 27, 2017, Becker, acting pro se, filed the instant PCRA
petition, later amended by appointed counsel, asserting that trial counsel
provided ineffective assistance in connection with his right to testify at trial.
Following a hearing, the PCRA court dismissed his PCRA petition2 and this
appeal followed.3
____________________________________________
2Becker filed a timely, counseled concise statement of errors complained of on appeal on June 25, 2018. See Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b). The trial court entered a statement in lieu of a memorandum opinion on August 6, 2018. See Pa.R.A.P. 1925(a).
3 The notice of appeal was docketed on June 4, 2018, while the deadline for filing a timely notice of appeal was May 30, 2018, thirty days after the PCRA court entered its order. See Pa.R.A.P. 903(a). However, it is well-settled that, “in the interest of fairness, the prisoner mailbox rule provides that a pro se prisoner’s document is deemed filed on the date he delivers it to prison authorities for mailing.” Commonwealth v. Chambers, 35 A.3d 34, 38 (Pa. Super. 2011), appeal denied, 46 A.3d 715 (Pa. 2012) (citation omitted).
Here, Becker’s notice of appeal and proof of service are dated May 26, 2018, and the associated postage slip indicates that he placed the document in the prison mailbox on May 30, 2018, which supports a conclusion that he timely filed this appeal under the prisoner mailbox rule. Under these
-3- J-S01032-19
Becker raises the following issue for our review: “Whether the [PCRA
court] erred in denying post-conviction relief where trial counsel failed to
appraise Becker of his absolute right to testify or otherwise interfered in his
client’s free exercise of his Constitutional right to testify on his own behalf at
trial?” (Becker’s Brief, at 4).4
We cannot address the merits of that issue because “[t]he PCRA requires
that, in order for a petitioner to be eligible for relief, his or her claim cannot
have been ‘previously litigated or waived.’ 42 Pa.C.S. § 9543(a)(3).”
Commonwealth v. Roane, 142 A.3d 79, 87 (Pa. Super. 2016). The PCRA
provides that an issue is previously litigated if “the highest appellate court in
circumstances, we give Appellant the benefit of the doubt, and treat his appeal as timely filed pursuant to the prisoner mailbox rule.
We further note that, although Becker filed his notice of appeal pro se while represented by counsel, that does not deprive us of jurisdiction to review his claims. See Commonwealth v. Williams, 151 A.3d 621, 624 (Pa. Super. 2016) (holding that this Court is required to docket and honor pro se notices of appeal filed by represented criminal defendants, despite prohibition on hybrid representation). 4 “On appeal from the denial of PCRA relief, our standard of review calls for us to determine whether the ruling of the PCRA court is supported by the record and free of legal error. The PCRA court’s credibility determinations, when supported by the record, are binding on this Court; however, we apply a de novo standard of review to the PCRA court’s legal conclusions. To be eligible for relief under the PCRA, a defendant must plead and prove that his conviction and/or sentence resulted from one of the circumstances delineated by the PCRA. See 42 Pa.C.S. § 9543(a)(2) ([including the ineffective assistance of counsel]). . . . Appellant has the burden to persuade this Court that the PCRA court erred and that such error requires relief. [Also, i]t is well settled that this Court may affirm a valid judgment or order for any reason appearing as of record. . . .” Commonwealth v. Williams,
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J-S01032-19
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF : PENNSYLVANIA Appellee : : v. : : THOMAS EARL BECKER : : Appellant : No. 1051 MDA 2018
Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered April 30, 2018 In the Court of Common Pleas of Lancaster County Criminal Division at No.: CP-36-CR-0002306-2012
BEFORE: PANELLA, P.J., MURRAY, J., and PELLEGRINI*, J.
MEMORANDUM BY PELLEGRINI, J.: FILED: JANUARY 29, 2019
Thomas Earl Becker (Becker) appeals from an order of the Court of
Common Pleas of Lancaster County (PCRA court) dismissing his petition filed
pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act (PCRA), 42 Pa.C.S. §§ 9541-9546.
We affirm.
We take the following relevant facts and procedural history from this
Court’s opinion filed on May 12, 2017, on direct appeal as well as our
independent review of the certified record. On May 15, 2013, a jury convicted
Becker of three counts each of indecent assault and corruption of minors, two
counts of aggravated indecent assault of a child, and one count of rape of a
child. The conviction stemmed from Becker’s sexual abuse of his
granddaughter and two step-granddaughters at his home over an extended
*Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court. J-S01032-19
period of time. Becker was sentenced to an aggregate term of not less than
thirty-two years and nine months nor more than sixty-six years’
imprisonment. However, Becker’s sentence included mandatory minimum
terms for his convictions of rape of a child and aggravated indecent assault of
a child. We affirmed the judgment of sentence. (See Commonwealth v.
Becker, 108 A.3d 105 (Pa. Super. 2014) (unpublished memorandum)).
Becker then filed a pro se PCRA petition, later amended by appointed
counsel, claiming that trial counsel was ineffective for failing to properly advise
him of his constitutional right to testify, as well as contending that the
mandatory minimum sentences were illegal in light of this Court’s decision in
Wolfe, infra.1 (See PCRA petition, 7/27/15, at 3; Amended PCRA petition,
10/23/15, at 2-5). The trial court stayed the PCRA petition pending our
Supreme Court’s review of Wolfe.
After Wolfe was affirmed by our Supreme Court, the Commonwealth
filed a response to the PCRA petition agreeing that Becker was entitled to
resentencing. However, the Commonwealth disputed that Becker was entitled
to relief on his ineffective assistance of counsel claim because an evidentiary
hearing was necessary to make out that claim. The Commonwealth went on
to state that Becker could immediately to proceed to re-sentencing by
foregoing his ineffective assistance of counsel claim. (See id.). Taking the ____________________________________________
1 See Commonwealth v. Wolfe, 106 A.3d 800 (Pa. Super. 2014), affirmed, 140 A.3d 651 (Pa. 2016) (holding mandatory minimum sentencing statute relating to offenses against children unconstitutional).
-2- J-S01032-19
Commonwealth up on its suggestion, Becker proceeded to re-sentencing
which resulted in an aggregate term of not less than twenty-eight years and
six months nor more than fifty-eight years and eight months’ incarceration.
This Court affirmed the amended judgment of sentence on May 12, 2017, and
our Supreme Court denied further review on October 12, 2017. (See
Commonwealth v. Becker, 2017 WL 2113399 (Pa. Super. 2017)
(unpublished memorandum), appeal denied, 172 A.3d 1111 (Pa. 2017)).
On November 27, 2017, Becker, acting pro se, filed the instant PCRA
petition, later amended by appointed counsel, asserting that trial counsel
provided ineffective assistance in connection with his right to testify at trial.
Following a hearing, the PCRA court dismissed his PCRA petition2 and this
appeal followed.3
____________________________________________
2Becker filed a timely, counseled concise statement of errors complained of on appeal on June 25, 2018. See Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b). The trial court entered a statement in lieu of a memorandum opinion on August 6, 2018. See Pa.R.A.P. 1925(a).
3 The notice of appeal was docketed on June 4, 2018, while the deadline for filing a timely notice of appeal was May 30, 2018, thirty days after the PCRA court entered its order. See Pa.R.A.P. 903(a). However, it is well-settled that, “in the interest of fairness, the prisoner mailbox rule provides that a pro se prisoner’s document is deemed filed on the date he delivers it to prison authorities for mailing.” Commonwealth v. Chambers, 35 A.3d 34, 38 (Pa. Super. 2011), appeal denied, 46 A.3d 715 (Pa. 2012) (citation omitted).
Here, Becker’s notice of appeal and proof of service are dated May 26, 2018, and the associated postage slip indicates that he placed the document in the prison mailbox on May 30, 2018, which supports a conclusion that he timely filed this appeal under the prisoner mailbox rule. Under these
-3- J-S01032-19
Becker raises the following issue for our review: “Whether the [PCRA
court] erred in denying post-conviction relief where trial counsel failed to
appraise Becker of his absolute right to testify or otherwise interfered in his
client’s free exercise of his Constitutional right to testify on his own behalf at
trial?” (Becker’s Brief, at 4).4
We cannot address the merits of that issue because “[t]he PCRA requires
that, in order for a petitioner to be eligible for relief, his or her claim cannot
have been ‘previously litigated or waived.’ 42 Pa.C.S. § 9543(a)(3).”
Commonwealth v. Roane, 142 A.3d 79, 87 (Pa. Super. 2016). The PCRA
provides that an issue is previously litigated if “the highest appellate court in
circumstances, we give Appellant the benefit of the doubt, and treat his appeal as timely filed pursuant to the prisoner mailbox rule.
We further note that, although Becker filed his notice of appeal pro se while represented by counsel, that does not deprive us of jurisdiction to review his claims. See Commonwealth v. Williams, 151 A.3d 621, 624 (Pa. Super. 2016) (holding that this Court is required to docket and honor pro se notices of appeal filed by represented criminal defendants, despite prohibition on hybrid representation). 4 “On appeal from the denial of PCRA relief, our standard of review calls for us to determine whether the ruling of the PCRA court is supported by the record and free of legal error. The PCRA court’s credibility determinations, when supported by the record, are binding on this Court; however, we apply a de novo standard of review to the PCRA court’s legal conclusions. To be eligible for relief under the PCRA, a defendant must plead and prove that his conviction and/or sentence resulted from one of the circumstances delineated by the PCRA. See 42 Pa.C.S. § 9543(a)(2) ([including the ineffective assistance of counsel]). . . . Appellant has the burden to persuade this Court that the PCRA court erred and that such error requires relief. [Also, i]t is well settled that this Court may affirm a valid judgment or order for any reason appearing as of record. . . .” Commonwealth v. Williams, 196 A.3d 1021, 1026-27 (Pa. 2018) (case citations and some quotation marks omitted).
-4- J-S01032-19
which the petitioner could have had review as a matter of right has ruled on
the merits of the issue;” or if “it has been raised and decided in a proceeding
collaterally attacking the conviction or sentence.” 42 Pa.C.S. § 9544(a)(2)-
(3). An issue is waived if “the petitioner could have raised it but failed to do
so before trial, at trial, during unitary review, on appeal or in a prior state
post conviction proceeding.” Id. at § 9544(b) (emphasis added).
Here, Becker argues the ineffective assistance of trial counsel based on
counsel’s alleged interference with his constitutional right to testify. (See
Becker’s Brief, at 4, 9-12). However, as noted above, Becker raised the same
ineffectiveness claim in his previous PCRA petition, but waived the issue when
he proceeded with re-sentencing in accordance with Wolfe instead of further
pursuing his ineffectiveness claim. Accordingly, because Becker waived his
ineffectiveness claim, see also Roane, supra, at 87, we affirm the PCRA
court’s order denying his request for PCRA relief on this basis. See 42 Pa.C.S.
§ 9544(b).
Order affirmed.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq. Prothonotary
Date: 01/29/2019
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