Cloer v. King Arthur

CourtCourt of Appeals of North Carolina
DecidedJune 4, 2025
Docket24-587
StatusPublished

This text of Cloer v. King Arthur (Cloer v. King Arthur) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of North Carolina primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Cloer v. King Arthur, (N.C. Ct. App. 2025).

Opinion

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF NORTH CAROLINA

No. COA24-587

Filed 4 June 2025

N.C. Industrial Commission, I.C. Nos. 13-710197, 20-734821

BESSIE PEACOCK CLOER, Widow and Administrator of the Estate of JAMES RICHARD CLOER, Employee, Plaintiff,

v.

KING ARTHUR INC., Employer; THONET INDUSTRIES INC., Employer; SCH LIQUIDATING CORP., Employer; SHELBY WILLIAMS INDUSTRIES, INC., Self-Insured Employer, and NORTH CAROLINA SELF-INSURANCE SECURITY ASSOCIATION, Defendants.

Appeal by Plaintiff from opinion and award entered 13 March 2024 by the

North Carolina Industrial Commission. Heard in the Court of Appeals 28 January

2025.

Wallace and Graham, P.A., by Edward L. Pauley, for Plaintiff-Appellant.

Stuart Law Firm, PLLC, by William A. Piner, II, and Catherine R. Stuart, for Defendant-Appellee North Carolina Self-Insurance Security Association.

COLLINS, Judge.

Plaintiff Bessie Peacock Cloer, as administrator of the estate of her deceased

husband, James Richard Cloer, appeals from the North Carolina Industrial

Commission’s opinion and award denying Plaintiff’s motion to add the North Carolina

Self-Insurance Security Association as a party. As there is no “covered claim” for

Plaintiff to pursue against the Association, the Commission did not err by denying CLOER V. KING ARTHUR, INC.

Opinion of the Court

Plaintiff’s motion to add the Association as a party.

I. Background

James Richard Cloer (“Decedent”) worked at a furniture factory for many

years, including from 1987 to 1997. The factory was owned and operated by Shelby

Williams from 1987 through 30 June 1999. From June 1987 to 30 June 1988, Shelby

Williams had workers’ compensation coverage with Hartford Accident and Indemnity

Company. Shelby Williams was approved to self-insure its workers’ compensation

claims liabilities by the North Carolina Department of Insurance and was a member

of the Association from 1 July 1989 through 30 June 1999.

On 5 May 1999, Shelby Williams and Falcon Products, Inc. executed an

“Agreement and Plan of Merger” whereby Shelby Williams was acquired by Falcon

and became Falcon’s affiliate. Falcon was never a licensed North Carolina

self-insurer and maintained workers’ compensation insurance coverage during the

period it operated in North Carolina.

On 1 January 2005, Falcon and its affiliates, including Shelby Williams, filed

a Chapter 11 voluntary petition for bankruptcy in the United States Bankruptcy

Court of the Eastern District of Missouri. All pre-petition workers’ compensation

claims, including those incurred against Shelby Williams, were paid. The bankruptcy

plan made no provision for workers’ compensation claims that had been incurred but

not yet reported. The bankruptcy court approved Falcon’s plan for reorganization,

and on 28 November 2005, Falcon officially changed its name to Commercial

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Furniture Group, Inc. (“CFG”). Shelby Williams then merged with CFG in December

2005. As a result, Shelby Williams ceased to exist, and CFG became the sole

surviving entity.

Approximately sixteen years after his last date of employment with Shelby

Williams, in February 2013, Decedent was diagnosed with mesothelioma. Decedent

filed a Form 18B with the Commission, alleging that his diagnosis was the result of

asbestos exposure throughout his employment. Decedent died from mesothelioma on

6 July 2013, and Plaintiff filed an Amended Form 18B with the Commission in

October 2013 to add Shelby Williams as a defendant and a claim for death benefits.

Five years later, Plaintiff moved to add CFG as a defendant; the motion was

granted by the Executive Secretary of the Commission in August 2018. Plaintiff then

moved to add the Association as a defendant; the motion was granted by the

Executive Secretary of the Commission in November 2020. The Association filed a

Form 33, Request that the Claim be Assigned for Hearing, alleging that the

Association is not a proper party.

Plaintiff, Shelby Williams, and Hartford executed a “Final Compromise

Settlement Agreement” on 9 February 2022 to settle Plaintiff’s claim against Shelby

Williams and Hartford for $50,000 for “any and all periods of coverage, known or

unknown, for which Hartford could be liable.” Additionally, Plaintiff and CFG

executed a “Final Compromise Settlement Agreement and Release” on 27 August

2022 to settle Plaintiff’s claim against CFG for $3,000 for “the period of self-insurance

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by Shelby Williams for which [CFG] may be liable.” This settlement agreement

released CFG “from any and all future responsibility or liability for [Decedent’s

mesothelioma] during the period of Shelby Williams’ self-insurance.” Both

settlement agreements were approved by the Commission.

A deputy commissioner filed an opinion and order on 20 April 2023 denying

Plaintiff’s motion to add the Association as a defendant. Plaintiff appealed to the Full

Commission. After a hearing, the Full Commission filed an opinion and award on 13

March 2024 denying Plaintiff’s motion to add the Association as a defendant.

Plaintiff appeals.

II. Discussion

Plaintiff argues that the Commission erred by denying its motion to add the

Association as a party to this matter.

A. Standard of Review

This Court’s review of an opinion and award of the Commission “is limited to

consideration of whether competent evidence supports the Commission’s findings of

fact and whether the findings support the Commission’s conclusions of law.”

Richardson v. Maxim Healthcare/Allegis Grp., 362 N.C. 657, 660 (2008) (citation

omitted). Evidence is to be viewed “in the light most favorable to the plaintiff, giving

him the benefit of every reasonable inference.” Goodson v. P.H. Glatfelter Co., 171

N.C. App. 596, 602 (2005) (citation omitted). “Findings of fact are conclusive on

appeal when supported by competent evidence, despite evidence that would support

-4- CLOER V. KING ARTHUR, INC.

contrary findings, and conclusions of law are reviewed de novo.” Id. Under a de novo

review, this Court “considers the matter anew and freely substitutes its own

judgment for the agency’s.” Sellers v. FMC Corp., 216 N.C. App. 134, 138 (2011)

(cleaned up).

B. The Workers’ Compensation Act

Under the Workers’ Compensation Act, in cases “where compensation is

payable for an occupational disease, the employer in whose employment the employee

was last injuriously exposed to the hazards of such disease, and the insurance carrier,

if any, which was on the risk when the employee was so last exposed under such

employer, shall be liable.” N.C. Gen. Stat. § 97-57 (2023). The statutory phrase “last

injuriously exposed” means “an exposure which proximately augmented the disease

to any extent, however slight.” Penegar v. United Parcel Serv., 259 N.C. App. 308,

318 (2018) (citing Rutledge v. Texas Corp., 308 N.C. 85, 89 (1983)).

The Act authorizes claims to be paid through settlement agreements executed

between an employee and employer. N.C. Gen. Stat. § 97-17(a) (2023). A settlement

agreement approved by the Commission “is as binding on the parties as an order,

decision[,] or award of the Commission unappealed from, or an award of the

Commission affirmed upon appeal.” Pruitt v. Knight Pub. Co., 289 N.C.

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