[Cite as Cleveland v. Gosier, 2016-Ohio-7961.]
Court of Appeals of Ohio EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA
JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION No. 103919
CITY OF CLEVELAND PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE
vs.
TAMMY GOSIER DEFENDANT-APPELLANT
JUDGMENT: AFFIRMED
Criminal Appeal from the Cleveland Municipal Court Case No. 2015CRB010570
BEFORE: E.A. Gallagher, J., Keough, P.J., and McCormack, J.
RELEASED AND JOURNALIZED: December 1, 2016 ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT
Ronald A. Skingle 6505 Rockside Road Suite 320 Independence, Ohio 44131
ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE
Barbara A. Langhenry City of Cleveland Law Director BY: Lorraine Coyne Assistant City Prosecutor Justice Center, 8th Floor 1200 Ontario Street Cleveland, Ohio 44113 EILEEN A. GALLAGHER, J.:
{¶1} Defendant-appellant Tammy Gosier appeals her conviction and sentence for
criminal damaging in the Cleveland Municipal Court. For the following reasons, we
affirm.
Facts and Procedural Background
{¶2} A complaint was filed against Gosier on May 26, 2015, charging her with
criminal damaging in violation of Cleveland Municipal Ordinances 623.02. The case
proceeded to a bench trial where the following facts were elicited.
{¶3} On May 20, 2015, Gosier and Andre Barnes were married but in the midst of
a divorce. Barnes worked at the Antioch Towers on East 89th and Carnegie Avenue in
Cleveland, and his vehicle, a silver BMW, was parked in the parking lot on the property
that day. At approximately 1:45 p.m., Edmond Aponte, a maintenance technician at the
Antioch Towers, observed Gosier enter the property’s parking lot, approach Barnes’s
vehicle and begin spray painting it with red paint, breaking lights and breaking off the
vehicle’s side mirrors. A security camera captured the defacing of Barne’s vehicle by a
person dressed in a black hoodie, black pants and white tennis shoes. The face of the
perpetrator though was not discernable from the video. Aponte, however, testified that
he recognized Gosier’s face beneath the hoodie as she walked onto the property. He
recalled previously observing Gosier speaking with Barnes at the property three or four
months prior and understood her to be Barnes’ wife or girlfriend. Additionally, Aponte
identified Gosier in court as the perpetrator he observed on the date of the offense. {¶4} Upon recognizing Gosier, Aponte attempted to contact Barnes during the
time that the offense was being committed but was unable to reach him. Barnes testified
that he was eating lunch in a lunchroom at the Antioch Towers at 1:45 p.m. when he
received a call from his manager that someone was damaging his car. Barnes testified
that a window in the lunchroom looked down upon his car in the parking lot and, upon
being alerted by his manager, he observed Gosier damaging his car. Barnes testified that
he recognized Gosier’s face beneath the hoodie from a distance of 200 to 300 feet.
Barnes later retracted this testimony and stated that the distance was instead a little over
60 feet. Barnes’s testimony was contradicted by Aponte who testified that a lunch room
with a window view of the parking lot did not exist on the property. Barnes testified that
his vehicle sustained $3,200 in damages and he reported the crime to the police.
{¶5} Finally, Gosier testified and denied damaging Barnes’s vehicle. Gosier
stated that she was working at home handling telemarketing calls from her computer from
11:59 a.m. until 5:07 p.m. She attempted to introduce a purported call log allegedly
created by her supervisor to support this testimony but, because it was not authenticated,
it was not admitted. Gosier admitted that she had previously filed a false police report in
Bedford accusing Barnes of violating a protection order and committing arson.
{¶6} The trial court found Gosier guilty of criminal damaging explaining that
inconsistencies in the testimony of both Barnes and Gosier led the court to conclude that
their testimony could not be relied upon. However, the trial court found Aponte to be a
credible witness and based Gosier’s conviction upon his testimony. {¶7} At sentencing, the trial court imposed a 90-day jail term with 90-days
suspended, two years of active probation, a $750 fine with $625 suspended and $3,216.91
in restitution for the damage to Barnes’s car.
Law and Analysis
I. Manifest Weight
{¶8} In her first assignment of error Gosier argues that her conviction was against
the manifest weight of the evidence.
{¶9} Cleveland Municipal Ordinances 623.02 defines the offense of criminal
damaging as follows:
(a) No person shall cause, or create a substantial risk of physical harm to any property of another without his or her consent:
(1) Knowingly, by any means;
(2) Recklessly, by means of fire, explosion, flood, poison gas, poison, radioactive material, caustic or corrosive material, or other inherently dangerous agency or substance.
(b) Whoever violates this section is guilty of criminal damaging or endangering, a misdemeanor if the property involved is not an aircraft, an aircraft engine, propeller, appliance, spare part or any other equipment or implement used or intended to be used in the operation of an aircraft and if the violation does not create a risk of physical harm to any person, and if the property involved is not an occupied aircraft. A violation of this section is a misdemeanor of the second degree. If violation of this section creates a risk of physical harm to any person, criminal damaging or endangering is a misdemeanor of the first degree.
{¶10} A manifest weight challenge attacks the credibility of the evidence
presented and questions whether the state met its burden of persuasion at trial. State v.
Whitsett, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 101182, 2014-Ohio-4933, ¶ 26, citing State v. Thompkins, 78 Ohio St.3d 380, 387, 678 N.E.2d 541 (1997); State v. Bowden, 8th Dist.
Cuyahoga No. 92266, 2009-Ohio-3598, ¶ 13. When considering an appellant’s claim that
a conviction is against the manifest weight of the evidence, the court of appeals sits as a
“thirteenth juror” and may disagree with the factfinder’s resolution of conflicting
testimony. Thompkins at 387, quoting Tibbs v. Florida, 457 U.S. 31, 42, 102 S.Ct. 2211,
72 L.Ed.2d 652 (1982). The reviewing court must examine the entire record, weigh the
evidence and all reasonable inferences, consider the witnesses’ credibility, and determine
whether, in resolving conflicts in the evidence, the trier of fact clearly lost its way and
created such a manifest miscarriage of justice that the conviction must be reversed and a
new trial ordered. Thompkins at 387, citing State v. Martin, 20 Ohio App.3d 172, 485
N.E.2d 717 (1st Dist.1983). In conducting such a review, this court remains mindful that
the credibility of witnesses and the weight of the evidence are matters primarily for the
trier of fact to assess. State v. DeHass, 10 Ohio St.2d 230, 227 N.E.2d 212 (1967),
paragraphs one and two of the syllabus. Reversal on manifest weight grounds is reserved
for the “exceptional case in which the evidence weighs heavily against the conviction.”
Thompkins at 387, quoting Martin, supra.
{¶11} We cannot say that the trial court’s judgment is against the manifest weight
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[Cite as Cleveland v. Gosier, 2016-Ohio-7961.]
Court of Appeals of Ohio EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA
JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION No. 103919
CITY OF CLEVELAND PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE
vs.
TAMMY GOSIER DEFENDANT-APPELLANT
JUDGMENT: AFFIRMED
Criminal Appeal from the Cleveland Municipal Court Case No. 2015CRB010570
BEFORE: E.A. Gallagher, J., Keough, P.J., and McCormack, J.
RELEASED AND JOURNALIZED: December 1, 2016 ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT
Ronald A. Skingle 6505 Rockside Road Suite 320 Independence, Ohio 44131
ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE
Barbara A. Langhenry City of Cleveland Law Director BY: Lorraine Coyne Assistant City Prosecutor Justice Center, 8th Floor 1200 Ontario Street Cleveland, Ohio 44113 EILEEN A. GALLAGHER, J.:
{¶1} Defendant-appellant Tammy Gosier appeals her conviction and sentence for
criminal damaging in the Cleveland Municipal Court. For the following reasons, we
affirm.
Facts and Procedural Background
{¶2} A complaint was filed against Gosier on May 26, 2015, charging her with
criminal damaging in violation of Cleveland Municipal Ordinances 623.02. The case
proceeded to a bench trial where the following facts were elicited.
{¶3} On May 20, 2015, Gosier and Andre Barnes were married but in the midst of
a divorce. Barnes worked at the Antioch Towers on East 89th and Carnegie Avenue in
Cleveland, and his vehicle, a silver BMW, was parked in the parking lot on the property
that day. At approximately 1:45 p.m., Edmond Aponte, a maintenance technician at the
Antioch Towers, observed Gosier enter the property’s parking lot, approach Barnes’s
vehicle and begin spray painting it with red paint, breaking lights and breaking off the
vehicle’s side mirrors. A security camera captured the defacing of Barne’s vehicle by a
person dressed in a black hoodie, black pants and white tennis shoes. The face of the
perpetrator though was not discernable from the video. Aponte, however, testified that
he recognized Gosier’s face beneath the hoodie as she walked onto the property. He
recalled previously observing Gosier speaking with Barnes at the property three or four
months prior and understood her to be Barnes’ wife or girlfriend. Additionally, Aponte
identified Gosier in court as the perpetrator he observed on the date of the offense. {¶4} Upon recognizing Gosier, Aponte attempted to contact Barnes during the
time that the offense was being committed but was unable to reach him. Barnes testified
that he was eating lunch in a lunchroom at the Antioch Towers at 1:45 p.m. when he
received a call from his manager that someone was damaging his car. Barnes testified
that a window in the lunchroom looked down upon his car in the parking lot and, upon
being alerted by his manager, he observed Gosier damaging his car. Barnes testified that
he recognized Gosier’s face beneath the hoodie from a distance of 200 to 300 feet.
Barnes later retracted this testimony and stated that the distance was instead a little over
60 feet. Barnes’s testimony was contradicted by Aponte who testified that a lunch room
with a window view of the parking lot did not exist on the property. Barnes testified that
his vehicle sustained $3,200 in damages and he reported the crime to the police.
{¶5} Finally, Gosier testified and denied damaging Barnes’s vehicle. Gosier
stated that she was working at home handling telemarketing calls from her computer from
11:59 a.m. until 5:07 p.m. She attempted to introduce a purported call log allegedly
created by her supervisor to support this testimony but, because it was not authenticated,
it was not admitted. Gosier admitted that she had previously filed a false police report in
Bedford accusing Barnes of violating a protection order and committing arson.
{¶6} The trial court found Gosier guilty of criminal damaging explaining that
inconsistencies in the testimony of both Barnes and Gosier led the court to conclude that
their testimony could not be relied upon. However, the trial court found Aponte to be a
credible witness and based Gosier’s conviction upon his testimony. {¶7} At sentencing, the trial court imposed a 90-day jail term with 90-days
suspended, two years of active probation, a $750 fine with $625 suspended and $3,216.91
in restitution for the damage to Barnes’s car.
Law and Analysis
I. Manifest Weight
{¶8} In her first assignment of error Gosier argues that her conviction was against
the manifest weight of the evidence.
{¶9} Cleveland Municipal Ordinances 623.02 defines the offense of criminal
damaging as follows:
(a) No person shall cause, or create a substantial risk of physical harm to any property of another without his or her consent:
(1) Knowingly, by any means;
(2) Recklessly, by means of fire, explosion, flood, poison gas, poison, radioactive material, caustic or corrosive material, or other inherently dangerous agency or substance.
(b) Whoever violates this section is guilty of criminal damaging or endangering, a misdemeanor if the property involved is not an aircraft, an aircraft engine, propeller, appliance, spare part or any other equipment or implement used or intended to be used in the operation of an aircraft and if the violation does not create a risk of physical harm to any person, and if the property involved is not an occupied aircraft. A violation of this section is a misdemeanor of the second degree. If violation of this section creates a risk of physical harm to any person, criminal damaging or endangering is a misdemeanor of the first degree.
{¶10} A manifest weight challenge attacks the credibility of the evidence
presented and questions whether the state met its burden of persuasion at trial. State v.
Whitsett, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 101182, 2014-Ohio-4933, ¶ 26, citing State v. Thompkins, 78 Ohio St.3d 380, 387, 678 N.E.2d 541 (1997); State v. Bowden, 8th Dist.
Cuyahoga No. 92266, 2009-Ohio-3598, ¶ 13. When considering an appellant’s claim that
a conviction is against the manifest weight of the evidence, the court of appeals sits as a
“thirteenth juror” and may disagree with the factfinder’s resolution of conflicting
testimony. Thompkins at 387, quoting Tibbs v. Florida, 457 U.S. 31, 42, 102 S.Ct. 2211,
72 L.Ed.2d 652 (1982). The reviewing court must examine the entire record, weigh the
evidence and all reasonable inferences, consider the witnesses’ credibility, and determine
whether, in resolving conflicts in the evidence, the trier of fact clearly lost its way and
created such a manifest miscarriage of justice that the conviction must be reversed and a
new trial ordered. Thompkins at 387, citing State v. Martin, 20 Ohio App.3d 172, 485
N.E.2d 717 (1st Dist.1983). In conducting such a review, this court remains mindful that
the credibility of witnesses and the weight of the evidence are matters primarily for the
trier of fact to assess. State v. DeHass, 10 Ohio St.2d 230, 227 N.E.2d 212 (1967),
paragraphs one and two of the syllabus. Reversal on manifest weight grounds is reserved
for the “exceptional case in which the evidence weighs heavily against the conviction.”
Thompkins at 387, quoting Martin, supra.
{¶11} We cannot say that the trial court’s judgment is against the manifest weight
of the evidence in this instance. The sole issue disputed at trial was the identification of
the perpetrator. The trial court found Aponte to be a credible witness who provided an
in-court identification of Gosier as the party responsible for the damage. Aponte
testified that he and Barnes were merely worker associates rather than friends and the trial court found he had no reason to be untruthful. On these facts, we cannot conclude that
the trial court lost its way and created such a manifest miscarriage of justice that Gosier’s
conviction must be reversed.
{¶12} Gosier’s first assignment of error is overruled.
II. Restitution
{¶13} In her second assignment of error, Gosier argues that the trial court’s
determination of restitution was not supported by competent, credible evidence in the
record.
{¶14} Prior to ordering restitution, “a sentencing court must engage in a due
process ascertainment that the amount of restitution bears a reasonable relationship to the
loss suffered.” State v. McLaurin, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 103068, 2016-Ohio-933, at ¶
13, quoting State v. Borders, 12th Dist. Clermont No. CA2004-12-101, 2005-Ohio-4339,
¶ 36. “The court must determine the amount of restitution to a reasonable degree of
certainty, ensuring that the amount is supported by competent, credible evidence.”
McLaurin at ¶ 13, citing State v. Warner, 55 Ohio St.3d 31, 69, 564 N.E.2d 18 (1990).
Pursuant to R.C. 2929.28(A)(1), if the court imposes restitution, it
may base the amount of restitution it orders on an amount recommended by the victim, * * * estimates or receipts indicating the cost of repairing or replacing property, and other information, provided that the amount the court orders as restitution shall not exceed the amount of the economic loss suffered by the victim as a direct and proximate result of the commission of the offense.
Id. {¶15} In this instance the file contains a copy of a repair estimate for Barnes’
vehicle in the amount of $3,216.91 prepared by Ricky Dalton Autobody Shop L.L.C.
The estimate breaks down in minute detail the costs of the repair and replacement of
various components of Barnes’ vehicle as well as paint and labor costs. The trial court
referenced the estimate at sentencing. Barnes affirmed that he had obtained the estimate
and that he had previously dealt with this autobody repair shop. Gosier did not raise any
challenge to the estimate or the amount of restitution at sentencing and has thus waived
all but plain error. State v. Jarrett, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 90404, 2008-Ohio-4868, ¶
14. Finding no evidence of plain error in the record, we affirm the trial court’s
imposition of restitution.
{¶16} Gosier’s second assignment of error is overruled.
{¶17} The judgment of the trial court is affirmed.
It is ordered that appellee recover of appellant costs herein taxed.
The court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.
It is ordered that a special mandate issues out of this court directing the municipal
court to carry this judgment into execution.
A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to Rule 27 of
the Rules of Appellate Procedure.
___________________________________ EILEEN A. GALLAGHER, JUDGE
KATHLEEN ANN KEOUGH, P.J., and TIM McCORMACK, J., CONCUR