City of Laredo v. Solis

665 S.W.2d 523, 1983 Tex. App. LEXIS 5543
CourtCourt of Appeals of Texas
DecidedDecember 21, 1983
Docket04-82-00203-CV
StatusPublished
Cited by6 cases

This text of 665 S.W.2d 523 (City of Laredo v. Solis) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
City of Laredo v. Solis, 665 S.W.2d 523, 1983 Tex. App. LEXIS 5543 (Tex. Ct. App. 1983).

Opinions

OPINION

CADENA, Chief Justice.

Appellant, City of Laredo, appeals from a judgment setting aside the order of the Firemen’s and Policemen’s Civil Service Commission of the City of Laredo suspending appellee, Luis Solis, a city police officer, for one day, ordering his reinstatement with back pay and awarding him $1,200.00 as attorney’s fees. We affirm.

The Chief of Police suspended Solis for three days after a patrol car being operated by Solis was involved in a collision. Solis appealed to the Civil Service Commission under the provisions of section 20 of the Firemen’s and Policemen’s Civil Service Act, TEX.REV.CIV.STAT.ANN. art. 1269m (Vernon Supp.1982-1983). After a public hearing, the Commission entered an order reducing the suspension period to one day. Solis then filed this appeal in district court under section 18 of the statute.

Although the City urged in the trial court that the order of the Commission is not subject to judicial review, it does not raise the question of jurisdiction in its brief filed in this Court. However, in view of the holding in Firemen’s and Policemen’s Civil Service Commission of the City of Fort Worth v. Blanchard, 582 S.W.2d 778, 779 (Tex.1979), that a “disciplinary suspension” (a suspension for a period not in excess of fifteen days) is not subject to judicial review, a discussion of the jurisdiction of the district court in this case is necessary.

Prior to 1979, section 20 of the statute, which deals with disciplinary suspensions, did not give to an officer who had been suspended for a period not in excess of fifteen days the right to appeal the suspension to the Commission. He could not demand a public hearing. The statute at that time merely provided that the Commission had the right to investigate the circumstances surrounding the suspension if it so desired. TEX.REV.CIV.STAT.ANN. art. 1269m, § 20 (Vernon 1963).

In 1979, section 20 was amended, effective September 1, 1979. Since September 1, 1979, every officer who is suspended, irrespective of the length of the suspension, has the absolute right to appeal to the commission and to demand a public hearing. The Commission has been stripped of all discretion to determine whether it will review the suspension. The result is that now the right to an appeal and a public hearing before the Commission no longer depends on the length of the suspension, so that an officer who has been suspended for fifteen days or less now has the same rights as an officer who is suspended for more than 15 days or indefinitely. When the officer appeals from a disciplinary suspension, the Commission is required to have “a public hearing under section 17 of this Act.” Section 17 sets out the manner in which a policeman or fireman may appeal to the Commission “from which an appeal or review is provided under the terms of the” Civil Service Act. See TEX. REV.CIV.STAT.ANN. art. 1269m, §§ 17 and 20 (Vernon Supp.1982-1983).

At the time Blanchard was decided, the 1979 amendment to section 20 had not gone into effect. Under the statute then in effect, the officers had no right of appeal to the Commission. There was, therefore, a significant difference in the rights of an officer who had been suspended for not more than fifteen days and an officer who had been suspended for more than fifteen days. The former had no right of appeal to the Commission: the latter did.

[525]*525The significance of the absence, prior to September 1,1979, of the right of appeal to the Commission in cases involving disciplinary suspensions was pointed out in Fox v. Carr, 552 S.W.2d 885, 887 (Tex.Civ.App.—Texarkana 1977, no writ), as follows:

Considering the statute in its entirety, it appears to have been the intention of the legislature to allow an appeal to the district court only when a hearing before the civil service commission is required and when that body, after receiving and considering evidence, has rendered a final decision as a result of that hearing. As no hearing before the civil service commission is required in the case of disciplinary suspensions, the intent apparently was to allow no appeal from such a temporary order, but to leave the imposition of such a penalty in the discretion of the department head, subject only to reversal if the commission chose to investigate and disagreed with the action of the department head. Dictum of the court in City of Wichita Falls v. Harris, 582 S.W.2d 653 (Tex.Civ.App—Fort Worth 1975, writ ref’d n.r.e.) supports this view.

Under section 18 of the statute, any policeman who “is dissatisfied with the decision of the Commission” may appeal by filing, within ten days, a petition in the district court “asking that his order of suspension or dismissal or demotion be set aside, ...” This reference to orders of suspension without distinguishing between disciplinary and indefinite1 suspensions caused some concern to the Court in Fox, but the Court “harmonized” all of the provisions of the statute by concluding that “suspensions,” as used in section 18, refers only to indefinite suspensions and not to “disciplinary” suspensions. The reasoning was that the Legislature intended to treat the two types of suspensions differently “with regard to their appealability.” The court was unable to understand why, if the intent was not to treat them differently with respect to appealability, the Legislature would have treated the two types of suspensions differently at all. 552 S.W.2d at 887.

The search for legislative intent concerning appealability prior to September 1, 1979, required no great effort. The Legislature expressed its interest in very clear language. A disciplinary suspension could not be appealed, and this was plainly stated in section 20, which did not provide for an appeal of such a suspension to the Commission. Under such circumstances, it would be incongruous to attribute to the Legislature an intent that relief from a disciplinary suspension might be obtained by bypassing the Commission and appealing directly to the courts, while an officer facing a more burdensome suspension could obtain relief only by following the more onerous procedure of seeking relief from the Commission before taking his complaint to the district court.

The 1979 amendment removed the distinction between the two types of suspensions with respect to appealability. The suspended officer now has the clear right to appeal to the Commission without reference to the length of the suspension. The procedure is exactly the same in both cases. In short, the only basis for the distinction which was made in Fox has been eliminated.

It should be noted that in Blanchard the holding that article 1269m did not, prior to the 1979 amendment, authorize judicial review of disciplinary suspensions rests on Fox and Attaway v. City of Mesquite, 563 S.W.2d 343 (Tex.Civ.App.—Dallas 1978, no writ). The opinion in Attaway makes no attempt to analyze the statute but merely states that in a prior unpublished opinion in that case it was held, relying on Fox, that a fireman who had been suspended for ten days had no statutory right of appeal. 563 S.W.2d at 343. [526]*526Fox

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City of Laredo v. Solis
665 S.W.2d 523 (Court of Appeals of Texas, 1983)

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665 S.W.2d 523, 1983 Tex. App. LEXIS 5543, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/city-of-laredo-v-solis-texapp-1983.