Christine Roth Melo v. United States

505 F.2d 1026, 1974 U.S. App. LEXIS 6183
CourtCourt of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit
DecidedNovember 7, 1974
Docket74-1169
StatusPublished
Cited by75 cases

This text of 505 F.2d 1026 (Christine Roth Melo v. United States) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Christine Roth Melo v. United States, 505 F.2d 1026, 1974 U.S. App. LEXIS 6183 (8th Cir. 1974).

Opinions

VAN OOSTERHOUT, Senior Circuit Judge.

This is a timely appeal by plaintiff Christine Roth Melo from final order sustaining motion as amended, filed pursuant to Rule 12(b), Fed.R.Civ.P., to dismiss plaintiff’s complaint by reason of plaintiff’s failure to exhaust available administrative remedies as required by 28 U.S.C. § 2675.

The basic facts are not in dispute. Plaintiff and Richard Dean Dyer, an employee of the United States Post Office, were involved in an automobile collision in Burlington, Iowa on November 1, 1971. The Government concedes that Dyer was acting within the scope of his employment at the time of the collision.

Plaintiff’s counsel by letter dated November 23, 1971, notified the Post Office Department of the accident and expressed the view that plaintiff was damaged by negligent operation of the postal vehicle and that the postal department and Dyer were responsible for damages caused the plaintiff. The nature of the injuries claimed are not stated in the letter nor is any statement made with reference to the amount of damages claimed.1

The postal department acknowledged the receipt of the letter and enclosed Forms SF 95 and stated: “The forms must be completed in full and evidence required to be submitted in support of a claim is noted in the instructions on the reverse of SF 95, * *

The plaintiff on October 12, 1973, filed a suit against Mr. Dyer as an individual in the state court. On October [1028]*102831, 1973, on motion of the United States, the case was removed to the federal court and the United States was substituted as party defendant, all as provided in 28 U.S.C. § 2679(d).

Defendant’s motion as amended to dismiss urged that the court lacked jurisdiction by reason of plaintiff’s failure to exhaust administrative remedies as required by 28 U.S.C. § 2675(a), and additionally that the claim is barred by the two-year statute of limitations provided by 28 U.S.C. § 2401(b).

The trial court in its dismissal order states “plaintiff’s failure to exhaust her administrative remedies is fatal to her case and it must be dismissed.”.

The basic issue raised by this appeal is whether plaintiff’s counsel’s letter of November 23 constitutes a claim against the United States as contemplated by 28 U.S.C. § 2675(a). We agree with the trial court’s determination that the claim as made did not meet the statutory requirements and that hence the case must be dismissed by reason of plaintiff’s failure to exhaust her administrative remedies.

We adhere to our holding in Peterson v. United States, 428 F.2d 368, 369 (8th Cir. 1970), where we stated:

It is settled that the United States, as sovereign, is immune from suit unless it has consented to be sued. United States v. Sherwood, 312 U.S. 584, 586, 61 S.Ct. 767, 85 L.Ed. 1058 (1941); Iowa Public Service Company v. Iowa State Commerce Comm., 407 F.2d 916, 920 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 396 U.S. 826, 90 S.Ct. 71, 24 L.Ed.2d 77 (1969); Simons v. Vinson, 394 F.2d 732 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 393 U.S. 968, 89 S.Ct. 398, 21 L.Ed.2d 379 (1968). A corollary to the immunity doctrine is the rule that the United States may define the conditions under which actions are permitted against it. Honda v. Clark, 386 U.S. 484, 501, 87 S.Ct. 1188, 18 L.Ed.2d 244 (1967); Battaglia v. United States, 303 F.2d 683, 685 (2d Cir. 1962); Kuhnert v. United States, 127 F.2d 824 (8th Cir. 1942).

Twenty-eight U.S.C. Ch. 171 delineates the procedure for tort claims against the United States and is controlling. Section 2675(a) of this chapter provides in part:

An action shall not be instituted upon a claim against the United States for money damages for injury or loss of property or personal injury or death caused by the negligent or wrongful act or omission of any employee of the Government * * * unless the claimant shall have first presented the claim to the appropriate Federal agency and his claim shall have been finally denied by the agency in writing * * *.

Section 2675 clearly makes the filing of an administrative claim a mandatory condition precedent to the filing of civil action against the United States for damages arising from the negligent act or omission of any Government employee acting within the scope of his employment. Best Bearings Co. v. United States, 463 F.2d 1177 (7th Cir. 1972); Bialowas v. United States, 443 F.2d 1047 (3d Cir. 1971); Meeker v. United States, 435 F.2d 1219 (8th Cir. 1970).

Thirty-nine C.F.R. § 912.5 provides :

For purposes of this part, a claim shall be deemed to have been presented when the U. S. Postal Service receives from a claimant, his duly authorized agent or legal representative, an executed Standard Form 95, Claim for Damage or Injury, or other written notification of an incident, accompanied by a claim for money damages in a sum certain for injury to or loss of property, personal injury, or death alleged to have occurred by reason of the incident. (Emphasis added.)

Twenty-eight C.F.R. § 14.2(a), a part of the regulations governing administrative claims under the Federal Torts Act, is substantially the same as 39 C.F.R. § 912.5, relating to claims against the post [1029]*1029office department. Twenty-eight C.F.R. § 14.2(a) contains the identical language of 39 C.F.R. § 912.5 requiring a claim for money damages to be in a sum certain.

In Caton v. United States, 495 F.2d 635, 637 (9th Cir. 1974), the court, for sound reasons set out in its opinion, rejects an attack on the validity of 28 C. F.R.

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Bluebook (online)
505 F.2d 1026, 1974 U.S. App. LEXIS 6183, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/christine-roth-melo-v-united-states-ca8-1974.