Children's Hospital v. Georgia Department of Medical Assistance

509 S.E.2d 725, 235 Ga. App. 697, 99 Fulton County D. Rep. 171, 1998 Ga. App. LEXIS 1529, 1998 WL 804970
CourtCourt of Appeals of Georgia
DecidedNovember 23, 1998
DocketA98A1531
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 509 S.E.2d 725 (Children's Hospital v. Georgia Department of Medical Assistance) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Georgia primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Children's Hospital v. Georgia Department of Medical Assistance, 509 S.E.2d 725, 235 Ga. App. 697, 99 Fulton County D. Rep. 171, 1998 Ga. App. LEXIS 1529, 1998 WL 804970 (Ga. Ct. App. 1998).

Opinion

Pope, Presiding Judge.

The dispositive question in this appeal is whether there are genuine issues of material fact as to whether an out-of-state hospital provided emergency medical services to a Georgia resident. The answer is that there are indeed genuine issues of material fact. Consequently, the judgment of the superior court affirming an administrative law judge’s summary determination that there are no genuine issues of material fact is erroneous and must be reversed.

Preston Puckett was born in 1992 with a bowel disease which prevented his intestines from absorbing sufficient nutrients from food, so he had to be nourished intravenously.1 In 1993, Preston’s doctor, Edith Pilzer, asked the Georgia Department of Medical Assistance, which administers the state’s participation in the federal Medicaid program,2 to authorize an evaluation of Preston for a bowel transplant. Because such a transplant was not available in Georgia, Pilzer recommended that Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, in Pennsylvania, perform the procedure. The Georgia Medical Care Foundation, an organization that contracts with the department to review requests for authorization of medical assistance, approved Pfizer’s evaluation request. In January 1994, Preston was evaluated at the Children’s Hospital, which determined that he was an eligible candidate for a small bowel transplant. The department reimbursed the hospital for the evaluation costs.

Preston returned to Georgia after the evaluation. He began to have liver problems and was hospitalized here on three different occasions. Upon his third discharge from the hospital, Pilzer and Preston’s parents consulted with physicians here and in Pittsburgh and decided to transfer Preston to Children’s Hospital to await a bowel and a liver transplant. On April 17,1994, Preston was flown to Pittsburgh on Angel Flight, an emergency air service, and admitted to Children’s Hospital. He was in the hospital until he died on August 16, 1994.

The hospital sought reimbursement of $275,445 from the department for the medical services it provided Preston. The department refused reimbursement on the grounds that the services had not been previously authorized and were not provided as the result of an emergency. The hospital requested a hearing by an administrative law judge on the denial of its claim. The department and the hospital [698]*698both filed motions for summary determination.3 The administrative law judge granted the department’s motion, denied the hospital’s motion and dismissed the hospital’s request for a hearing.4 The administrative law judge concluded that there are no genuine issues of material fact and that the department is entitled to judgment as a matter of law because the hospital did not get prior authorization from the department for the services and did not adequately document the emergency nature of Preston’s transfer to the hospital.

After the department commissioner affirmed the administrative law judge’s decision, the hospital sought review by the superior court. The court affirmed the department’s decision, holding that the record contains some evidence to support the administrative law judge’s determination that an emergency did not exist. We granted the hospital’s application for discretionary review of the court’s ruling.

1. “When the Court of Appeals reviews a superior court judgment in a case under the Administrative Procedure Act, our function is to determine whether the superior court has in its own final ruling committed an error of law.” (Citation and punctuation omitted.) Ga. Dept. of Pub. Safety v. Bafford, 223 Ga. App. 639, 640 (478 SE2d 444) (1996). In the instant case, the court committed an error of law by affirming the administrative law judge’s grant of summary determination to the department.

As the agency implementing the federal Medicaid program in Georgia, the department is authorized to establish rules and regulations needed to execute the state plan. OCGA § 49-4-142 (a). The department thus established its Policies and Procedure Manual for Hospital Services. Section 909 of that manual provides that out-of-state hospitals will be reimbursed for medical service provided to eligible Georgia residents if (1) the service was “prior authorized” by the department, or (2) the service was provided as a result of an emergency or life endangering situation occurring out of state.

In the instant case, it is undisputed that Children’s Hospital did not obtain authorization from the department before providing services to Preston from April until August of 1994. The sole basis for its claim of reimbursement is that it provided emergency services to Preston. Accordingly, the central question to be determined by the [699]*699administrative law judge in passing on the parties’ opposing motions for summary determination was whether there are any genuine issues of material fact as to whether Children’s Hospital provided any service to Preston as the result of an emergency situation. In granting summary determination to the department, the administrative law judge effectively concluded that there are no such issues. That conclusion is erroneous.

The hospital filed three affidavits to show the emergency nature of Preston’s situation. One of the affidavits was from Dr. Pfizer, who stated that Preston was in a very tenuous situation due to the dramatic decrease in his liver function. She stated that his best chance for survival was an urgent transfer to Children’s Hospital, where he could be stabilized and receive bowel and liver transplants.

A nurse for Dr. Pfizer also submitted an affidavit. She explained that when Pfizer and the chief transplant surgeon at Children’s Hospital determined that Preston needed to go to Pittsburgh she immediately began making arrangements for the emergency air transport provided by Angel Flight. In order for Preston to qualify for the flight, it had to be certified that the needed treatment was not available locally, that the distance of travel precluded ground transport, and that time was of the essence.

The pediatric transplant coordinator at Children’s Hospital gave another affidavit. She stated that because of Preston’s condition he was subject to liver deterioration that can quickly, with little notice, lead to death. She said that, during his hospital stays in Georgia immediately before his transfer to Pittsburgh, Preston showed signs of liver deterioration and his condition was serious and life threatening. It was critical to transfer him to Children’s Hospital because he was deteriorating quickly and might have reached a point of not being transportable or no longer suitable for the needed transplants. She gave detailed descriptions of Preston’s medical problems and said that he was admitted to the hospital under a life threatening condition.

The record also contains several letters written by the transplant coordinator and by Dr. Pfizer concerning Preston’s condition and need for medical services. Additionally, there are medical records documenting the severity of Preston’s situation.

In support of its motion for summary determination, the department submitted the affidavit of Catherine Reeber, a referral coordinator for Georgia Medical Care Foundation. She reviewed the hospital’s reimbursement request.

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Bluebook (online)
509 S.E.2d 725, 235 Ga. App. 697, 99 Fulton County D. Rep. 171, 1998 Ga. App. LEXIS 1529, 1998 WL 804970, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/childrens-hospital-v-georgia-department-of-medical-assistance-gactapp-1998.