Carmichael v. Egan

433 F. Supp. 465, 1977 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 15696
CourtDistrict Court, District of Columbia
DecidedMay 26, 1977
DocketCiv.A. No. 76-0433
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 433 F. Supp. 465 (Carmichael v. Egan) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, District of Columbia primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Carmichael v. Egan, 433 F. Supp. 465, 1977 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 15696 (D.D.C. 1977).

Opinion

MEMORANDUM OPINION

JOHN H. PRATT, District Judge.

This matter is before the Court on cross motions for summary judgment. Plaintiff seeks judgment against defendant Answering Service, Inc. (Answering) or, alternatively, against defendant Thomas J. Egan, the Executor of the Estate of Paul J. Rohrich, for fraud and negligence in the transfer of certain overissued Answering stock. Plaintiff further seeks judgment against Answering for breach of contract arising out of the same stock transaction; for an order of this Court requiring Answering to issue to plaintiff a valid certificate for ten (10) shares of its capital stock; and for an accounting for all dividends paid on said stock since October 9, 1961.

Defendant Egan, executor of the Estate of Paul J. Rohrich, who died on December 7, 1975, seeks summary disposition alleging that plaintiff’s claims are barred by the applicable statutes of limitations and the doctrine of laches; that the alleged transfer of the stock to plaintiff constituted an attempted testamentary disposition and is void under the Statute of Wills; and that plaintiff did not provide sufficient consideration to enable him to maintain the action.

Defendants Answering, Richard V. McNamara, and Francis J. Bowman seek summary judgment alleging, inter alia, that plaintiff is estopped to assert the validity of the stock certificate at issue. These final three defendants have also filed a counterclaim to have the stock certificate in plaintiff’s possession cancelled and returned to the corporation. Defendant Answering has filed a cross-claim against the Rohrich estate for indemnification for any of the plaintiff’s claims.

STATEMENT OF FACTS

In 1953, plaintiff was employed by one Wesley Steele as Director of Sales Promotion of Answering, Inc.,1 a wholly-owned subsidiary of the defendant corporation.2 Plaintiff was continuously employed by both these corporations in various capacities from 1953 until his resignation in November of 1964.

On October 9, 1961, plaintiff received a certificate representing ten (10) shares of Answering stock. This certificate was given to plaintiff by Rohrich in the presence of Steele as a bonus for his past services. Upon the certificate appear the signatures of Wesley J. Steele, President, and Paul J. Rohrich, Secretary/Treasurer. The physical genuineness and authenticity of the certificate is not in dispute.

Sometime later that year (1961) plaintiff deposited the stock certificate in his safe deposit box where it remained until the time of Rohrich’s death in December 1975.3 During that fourteen-year period plaintiff did not communicate orally or in writing with the corporation respecting his claim that he was the owner of ten shares of its [468]*468capital stock; nor did plaintiff exercise any of his rights as a stockholder, such as attending annual or directors’ meetings, inquiring as to the issuance of dividends, or requesting an accounting of the corporation’s annual revenues. Plaintiff did not reflect the receipt of the stock on his 1961 federal income tax return or any federal tax returns filed in subsequent years.

Plaintiff believed this stock to have no value until the deaths of Rohrich and Steele. Rohrich and Steele did not, at the time the certificate was given to plaintiff or at any later date, indicate to plaintiff the market value of the stock. However, plaintiff asserts that his acquaintance, Mr. Best, told him on the day the stock was tendered to plaintiff by Rohrich and Steele, that Rohrich told Best the stock was to be valued at $40,000. This value is, however, not reflected in the affidavit of Mr. Best which is a part of the record herein.

Shortly after Rohrich’s death, plaintiff contacted the defendant corporation to ascertain the value of and to redeem the stock. Plaintiff was informed that the stock which he had received was issued in excess of the number of shares permitted to be issued by Answering’s Articles of Incorporation and hence was overissued and void. Answering then requested that plaintiff return the certificate so that it might be cancelled. Plaintiff refused to comply and this action ensued.

I. Plaintiff’s Claims are Barred by the Statute of Limitations.

As a threshold matter, this Court must determine whether plaintiff is barred from bringing this action by the applicable statute of limitations or by the doctrine of laches. We conclude that each cause of action proposed by plaintiff is so barred for the reasons hereinafter set forth.

In diversity actions, absent a federal statute of limitations, the applicability of a forum’s statute of limitations depends upon the nature of the right to be enforced and the available remedies. Cassell v. Taylor, 100 U.S.App.D.C. 153, 243 F.2d 259, 261 (1957). If the action is one at law, the courts have construed congressional silence as implying a “federal policy to adopt the local law of limitation.” Holmberg v. Armbrecht, 327 U.S. 392, 395, 66 S.Ct. 582, 584, 90 L.Ed. 743 (1946).

However, “where the equity jurisdiction is exclusive, and is not exercised in aid or support of a legal right, state statutes of limitations barring actions at law are inapplicable * * * [and] the federal court * * * applies the doctrine of laches as controlling.” Russell v. Todd, 309 U.S. 280, 289, 60 S.Ct. 527, 532, 84 L.Ed. 754 (1940).

When an action arises in which the court has concurrent jurisdiction to grant either equitable or legal relief, “equity will withhold its relief where the applicable statute of limitations would bar the concurrent legal remedy.” Cope v. Anderson, 331 U.S. 461, 464, 67 S.Ct. 1340, 1341, 91 L.Ed. 1602 (1947).

In this action, our concurrent jurisdiction has been invoked and we are governed by the District of Columbia statute of limitations, D.C.Code 1973, as amended, § 12-301. We will consider its application to each of the alleged causes of action seriatim.

A. The Claim of Fraud.

Plaintiff alleges that the overissue of the defendant corporation’s stock constituted fraud. In the District of Columbia, the statute of limitations for fraud is three (3) years. D.C.Code § 12-301. The statute does not begin to run until the fraud has been discovered or until the plaintiff by exercise of ordinary care might reasonably have discovered it. Hartford Life Ins. Co. v. Title Guarantee Co., 172 U.S.App.D.C. 156, 520 F.2d 1170 (1975); Fitzgerald v. Seamons, 384 F.Supp. 638 (D.D.C.1975).

Plaintiff alleges that he did not discover the fraud relating to the stock transfer until February 18, 1976, when he was informed by defendant Answering’s counsel that the certificate which he had received was overissued and void. Plaintiff filed the [469]*469complaint in this action on March 16, 1976, and alleges that the statute does not bar the Court from entertaining this cause of action. We disagree.

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Related

Carmichael v. Egan
584 F.2d 558 (D.C. Circuit, 1978)

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Bluebook (online)
433 F. Supp. 465, 1977 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 15696, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/carmichael-v-egan-dcd-1977.