Cantrell v. Cantrell

582 S.E.2d 819, 213 W. Va. 372
CourtWest Virginia Supreme Court
DecidedJuly 11, 2003
Docket30850
StatusPublished
Cited by12 cases

This text of 582 S.E.2d 819 (Cantrell v. Cantrell) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering West Virginia Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Cantrell v. Cantrell, 582 S.E.2d 819, 213 W. Va. 372 (W. Va. 2003).

Opinions

PER CURIAM:

The appellant, Sheila Cantrell, appeals the December 31, 2001 order of the Circuit Court of Mingo County which granted summary judgment to the appellees, State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company and agent Jack D. Brewster (State Farm). The appellant avers that summary judgment was granted in error because underinsured motorist benefits should be available to her [374]*374under her husband’s policy of insurance in addition to the bodily injury liability limits which she received. We find no error.

I.

FACTS

The facts are not in dispute. On February 28, 2000, the appellant was a passenger in a 1983 Chevrolet truck which was owned by her husband, appellee Joseph Cantrell. While driving on Route 52 near Taylorville in Mingo County, West Virginia, Mr. Cantrell lost control of the vehicle, ran off the roadway, and struck a tree. The appellant was injured. The Cantrell vehicle was insured by State Farm with per person bodily injury liability limits of $100,000 and underinsured motorist coverage (UIM) with per person bodily injury limits of $100,000.

Shortly after the accident but before she retained legal counsel, State Farm offered the appellant the bodily injury liability limit of $100,000 to settle her claim. State Farm subsequently received a letter from the appellant’s attorney demanding payment of the liability limits and reserving the right to contest UIM coverage in a declaratory judgment action. State Farm agreed to the liability settlement but maintained that the Cantrell vehicle did not meet the definition of an underinsured motor vehicle so as to afford UIM coverage to the appellant. On July 5, 2000, State Farm issued a check in the amount of $100,000 for the per person bodily injury liability limit. In exchange, the appellant executed a full and final release of her husband, Joseph Cantrell. She then filed a complaint in circuit court seeking, inter alia, UIM benefits.

State Farm removed the action to federal court on the basis of diversity of citizenship and fraudulent joinder of claim representative Jack Brewster. The appellant filed a motion to remand. An order was entered on July 19, 2001, remanding the case back to the Circuit Court of Mingo County. State Farm filed a motion for summary judgment asserting that UIM coverage was not available to the appellant under the Cantrell policy because the vehicle in which the appellant was riding did not qualify as an underinsured motor vehicle under the insurance policy. On December 31, 2001, the circuit court entered an order which granted summary judgment to State Farm and dismissed the appellant’s complaint. It is from this order that the appellant appeals.

II.

STANDARD OF REVIEW

The circuit court found, as a matter of law, that State Farm and its agent, Jack Brewster, were entitled to summary judgment. It is well-settled that “[a] circuit court’s entry of summary judgment is reviewed de novo.” Syllabus Point 1, Painter v. Peavy, 192 W.Va. 189, 451 S.E.2d 755 (1994). Moreover,

“ ‘A motion for summary judgment should be granted only when it is clear that there is no genuine issue of fact to be tried and inquiry concerning the facts is not desirable to clarify the application of the law.’ Syllabus Point 3, Aetna Casualty & Surety Co. v. Federal Insurance Co. of New York, 148 W.Va. 160, 133 S.E.2d 770 (1963).” Syllabus Point 1, Andrick v. Town of Buckhannon, 187 W.Va. 706, 421 S.E.2d 247 (1992).

Syllabus Point 2, id.

III.

DISCUSSION

In her petition for appeal filed in this Court, the appellant claimed that the circuit court erred in two respects. First, she argued that the circuit court granted summary judgment to State Farm prior to the completion of discovery. Second, she argued that summary judgment was granted without a proper legal analysis of her husband’s insurance policy under the principles set forth by this Court in the case of Mitchell v. Broadnax, 208 W.Va. 36, 537 S.E.2d 882 (2000). After we handed down our subsequent opinion in the case of Findley v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co., 213 W.Va. 80, 576 S.E.2d 807 (2002), the appellant abandoned her Broadnax argument. Instead, she argues in her brief submitted on appeal that the clear language of W.Va.Code § 33-6-31 [375]*375(1998) requires underinsurance coverage to apply to a spouse of an underinsured driver.

The appellant maintains that the circuit court erred by holding that she cannot stack UIM coverage onto the liability insurance which she already collected under the Cantrell insurance policy. She reasons that W.Va.Code § 33 — 6—31(b)1 does not permit exceptions or exclusions to the definition of “underinsured motor vehicle;” therefore, State Farm’s definition of “underinsured motor vehicle” violates public policy in that it is more restrictive than the statute. As a result, the appellant concludes that the statutory provision is void. The appellee argues that the policy language is valid, enforceable, and does not violate public policy.

The appellant’s reasoning overlooks the fact that this Court has on prior occasions approved language similar to that contained in Mr. Cantrell’s policy. In fact, during oral argument, counsel for the appellant admitted as much and asked us to revisit two opinions previously published by this Court that deal with this issue. Counsel contends that our holdings in Deel v. Sweeney, 181 W.Va. 460, 383 S.E.2d 92 (1989), and Thomas v. Nationwide Mut. Ins. Co., 188 W.Va. 640, 425 S.E.2d 595 (1992), cannot be reconciled with W.Va.Code § 33-6-31(b); consequently, the exclusion cannot apply to the appellant. We disagree.

There is no doubt that “ ‘[¡Insurers may incorporate such terms, conditions and exclusions in an automobile insurance policy as may be consistent with the premium charged, so long as any such exclusions do not conflict with the spirit and intent of the uninsured and underinsured motorists statutes.’ Syl. pt. 3, Deel v. Sweeney, 181 W.Va. 460, 383 S.E.2d 92 (1989).” Syllabus Point 1, Thomas v. Nationwide Mut. Ins. Co., 188 W.Va. 640, 425 S.E.2d 595 (1992). The UIM clause in the Cantrell policy of insurance specifically states:

We will pay damages for bodily injury and property damage an insured is legally entitled to collect from the owner or driver of an underinsured motor vehicle. The bodily injury or property damage must be caused by accident arising out of the operation, maintenance or use of an underin-sured motor vehicle.
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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
582 S.E.2d 819, 213 W. Va. 372, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/cantrell-v-cantrell-wva-2003.