[Cite as Caldwell v. ProMedica Health Sys., Inc., 2017-Ohio-7979.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO SIXTH APPELLATE DISTRICT LUCAS COUNTY
Thomas C. Caldwell Court of Appeals No. L-17-1050
Appellant Trial Court No. CI0201605592
v.
ProMedica Health Systems, Inc., et al. DECISION AND JUDGMENT
Appellees Decided: September 29, 2017
*****
Thomas C. Caldwell, pro se.
Robert C. Tucker, for appellees.
PIETRYKOWSKI, J.
{¶ 1} This is an accelerated appeal from the judgments of the Lucas County Court
of Common Pleas, dismissing appellant’s, Thomas Caldwell, complaint, and striking his
opposition to appellees’, ProMedica Health Systems, Inc., Hannah Hibdon, R.N., and Laura O’Leary, P.A., motion to dismiss. For the reasons that follow, we affirm, in part,
and reverse, in part.
I. Facts and Procedural Background
{¶ 2} On December 27, 2016, appellant, pro se, filed a complaint against
appellees. In his complaint, appellant asserted claims of medical malpractice and assault,
and also alleged that ProMedica Health Systems, Inc. was liable through the doctrine of
respondeat superior. Notably, appellant did not include an affidavit of merit with the
complaint as required for medical claims under Civ.R. 10(D)(2)(a), nor did he include in
the complaint a request for an extension of time to file the affidavit as provided by Civ.R.
10(D)(2)(b).
{¶ 3} On January 12, 2017, appellees moved to dismiss the complaint on the
grounds that the claim for assault was barred by the one-year statute of limitations in R.C.
2305.111(B), and the claim for medical malpractice was insufficient because appellant
failed to include an affidavit of merit.
{¶ 4} On January 31, 2017, one day after the deadline to file a response, appellant
filed his “Motion in Opposition to Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss and for Enlargement
of Time to Comply with the Rules of Pleading.” In his filing, appellant explained the
chronology of events. He stated that the alleged malpractice occurred on August 12,
2015. On July 1, 2016, appellant sent written notice to appellees that he was considering
filing a malpractice claim, thereby extending his time to file his complaint until
2. January 1, 2017, pursuant to R.C. 2305.113(B)(1). Further, appellant stated that his
initial request for records occurred on August 3, 2016. It later became clear to appellant
that the records were incomplete, and he concluded that the records had been tampered
with. On December 20, 2016, appellant conveyed his beliefs regarding the records to
appellees. Appellees made a “complete” set of records, constituting over 400 pages,
available to appellant on December 26, 2016.
{¶ 5} As to his medical malpractice claim, appellant argued that because of the
conduct of appellees, he did not receive his complete medical records until shortly before
the filing deadline for his complaint, and thus had insufficient time to procure an affidavit
of merit. Appellant concluded that appellees’ motion to dismiss should be denied
because appellees actively undertook delay designed to damage his claim.
{¶ 6} As to his claim for assault, appellant argued that the identity of the person
who allegedly assaulted him was not included in the first set of medical records that he
received, and it was not until he received the “complete” records in December 2016 that
he learned her identity. He argued that his complaint was not untimely because the
limitations statute for an assault claim provides that it may be brought within one year of
when he learned of the identity of the person who allegedly committed the assault.
{¶ 7} The trial court did not consider appellant’s January 31, 2017 filing. In a
judgment signed on January 31, 2017, and journalized on February 1, 2017, the trial court
dismissed with prejudice appellant’s claim for assault as untimely under R.C.
3. 2305.111(B). The trial court also determined that appellant’s remaining claims were
medical claims, and dismissed them without prejudice for failure to file an affidavit of
merit as required by Civ.R. 10(D)(2).
{¶ 8} On February 13, 2017, the trial court addressed appellant’s January 31, 2017
filing. The court noted that appellant’s response to appellees’ motion to dismiss was due
on January 30, 2017.1 Thus, the court found that appellant’s filing was out of time and
without leave of court. The court further found that based upon the failure of appellant to
timely respond, the trial court found appellees’ motion to dismiss well-taken, and granted
it on January 31, 2017, with the order issued and filed on February 1, 2017. Therefore,
the trial court ordered appellant’s January 31, 2017 “Motion in Opposition to Defendants’
Motion to Dismiss and for Enlargement of Time to Comply with the Rules of Pleading”
stricken from the record.
II. Assignment of Error
{¶ 9} Appellant has timely appealed the judgments of the Lucas County Court of
Common Pleas, and asserts one assignment of error for our review:
1. The Trial Court erred in calculating the time for Appellant’s
timely response to Appellees’-Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss under Civil
Procedural Rules 5 and 6.
1 The trial court incorrectly stated that the response was due on January 29, 2017. The parties agree that January 29, 2017, was a Sunday, and thus pursuant to Civ.R. 6(A) the filing was due on the next business day, which was January 30, 2017.
4. III. Analysis
{¶ 10} In his appellate brief, appellant argues only that the trial court
miscalculated the time to file his response, and that he had until January 30, 2017, not
January 29, 2017. Appellant asserts that he served his response upon appellees by mail
on January 30, 2017, but did not file his response until January 31, 2017. Appellant
therefore argues that the trial court erred when it dismissed his complaint without
considering his January 31, 2017 filing.
{¶ 11} Appellees, for their part, do not disagree with appellant that the applicable
response date was January 30, 2017. They argue, however, that appellant’s response was
nonetheless untimely because it was filed with the court on January 31, 2017. Appellees
stress that the fourteen-day deadline to respond to motions is a deadline to file the
opposition, not to serve it. In addition, as to the medical claims, appellees recognize that
Civ.R. 10(D)(2)(a) requires that “a complaint that contains a medical claim * * * shall be
accompanied by one or more affidavits of merit relative to each defendant named in the
complaint for whom expert testimony is necessary to establish liability.” Here, appellant
did not include an affidavit of merit. Moreover, appellees note that appellant did not
alternatively seek an extension of time in the complaint to file the affidavit of merit as
provided by Civ.R. 10(D)(2)(b), which states “The plaintiff may file a motion to extend
the period of time to file an affidavit of merit. The motion shall be filed by the plaintiff
5. with the complaint.” In this case, appellant did not file a motion to extend the time until
after the time for a responsive filing to appellees’ motion to dismiss had run. Therefore,
appellees conclude that the trial court correctly dismissed appellant’s complaint.
{¶ 12} It is well-established that “trial courts have inherent power to manage their
own dockets.” State ex rel. Charvat v.
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[Cite as Caldwell v. ProMedica Health Sys., Inc., 2017-Ohio-7979.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO SIXTH APPELLATE DISTRICT LUCAS COUNTY
Thomas C. Caldwell Court of Appeals No. L-17-1050
Appellant Trial Court No. CI0201605592
v.
ProMedica Health Systems, Inc., et al. DECISION AND JUDGMENT
Appellees Decided: September 29, 2017
*****
Thomas C. Caldwell, pro se.
Robert C. Tucker, for appellees.
PIETRYKOWSKI, J.
{¶ 1} This is an accelerated appeal from the judgments of the Lucas County Court
of Common Pleas, dismissing appellant’s, Thomas Caldwell, complaint, and striking his
opposition to appellees’, ProMedica Health Systems, Inc., Hannah Hibdon, R.N., and Laura O’Leary, P.A., motion to dismiss. For the reasons that follow, we affirm, in part,
and reverse, in part.
I. Facts and Procedural Background
{¶ 2} On December 27, 2016, appellant, pro se, filed a complaint against
appellees. In his complaint, appellant asserted claims of medical malpractice and assault,
and also alleged that ProMedica Health Systems, Inc. was liable through the doctrine of
respondeat superior. Notably, appellant did not include an affidavit of merit with the
complaint as required for medical claims under Civ.R. 10(D)(2)(a), nor did he include in
the complaint a request for an extension of time to file the affidavit as provided by Civ.R.
10(D)(2)(b).
{¶ 3} On January 12, 2017, appellees moved to dismiss the complaint on the
grounds that the claim for assault was barred by the one-year statute of limitations in R.C.
2305.111(B), and the claim for medical malpractice was insufficient because appellant
failed to include an affidavit of merit.
{¶ 4} On January 31, 2017, one day after the deadline to file a response, appellant
filed his “Motion in Opposition to Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss and for Enlargement
of Time to Comply with the Rules of Pleading.” In his filing, appellant explained the
chronology of events. He stated that the alleged malpractice occurred on August 12,
2015. On July 1, 2016, appellant sent written notice to appellees that he was considering
filing a malpractice claim, thereby extending his time to file his complaint until
2. January 1, 2017, pursuant to R.C. 2305.113(B)(1). Further, appellant stated that his
initial request for records occurred on August 3, 2016. It later became clear to appellant
that the records were incomplete, and he concluded that the records had been tampered
with. On December 20, 2016, appellant conveyed his beliefs regarding the records to
appellees. Appellees made a “complete” set of records, constituting over 400 pages,
available to appellant on December 26, 2016.
{¶ 5} As to his medical malpractice claim, appellant argued that because of the
conduct of appellees, he did not receive his complete medical records until shortly before
the filing deadline for his complaint, and thus had insufficient time to procure an affidavit
of merit. Appellant concluded that appellees’ motion to dismiss should be denied
because appellees actively undertook delay designed to damage his claim.
{¶ 6} As to his claim for assault, appellant argued that the identity of the person
who allegedly assaulted him was not included in the first set of medical records that he
received, and it was not until he received the “complete” records in December 2016 that
he learned her identity. He argued that his complaint was not untimely because the
limitations statute for an assault claim provides that it may be brought within one year of
when he learned of the identity of the person who allegedly committed the assault.
{¶ 7} The trial court did not consider appellant’s January 31, 2017 filing. In a
judgment signed on January 31, 2017, and journalized on February 1, 2017, the trial court
dismissed with prejudice appellant’s claim for assault as untimely under R.C.
3. 2305.111(B). The trial court also determined that appellant’s remaining claims were
medical claims, and dismissed them without prejudice for failure to file an affidavit of
merit as required by Civ.R. 10(D)(2).
{¶ 8} On February 13, 2017, the trial court addressed appellant’s January 31, 2017
filing. The court noted that appellant’s response to appellees’ motion to dismiss was due
on January 30, 2017.1 Thus, the court found that appellant’s filing was out of time and
without leave of court. The court further found that based upon the failure of appellant to
timely respond, the trial court found appellees’ motion to dismiss well-taken, and granted
it on January 31, 2017, with the order issued and filed on February 1, 2017. Therefore,
the trial court ordered appellant’s January 31, 2017 “Motion in Opposition to Defendants’
Motion to Dismiss and for Enlargement of Time to Comply with the Rules of Pleading”
stricken from the record.
II. Assignment of Error
{¶ 9} Appellant has timely appealed the judgments of the Lucas County Court of
Common Pleas, and asserts one assignment of error for our review:
1. The Trial Court erred in calculating the time for Appellant’s
timely response to Appellees’-Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss under Civil
Procedural Rules 5 and 6.
1 The trial court incorrectly stated that the response was due on January 29, 2017. The parties agree that January 29, 2017, was a Sunday, and thus pursuant to Civ.R. 6(A) the filing was due on the next business day, which was January 30, 2017.
4. III. Analysis
{¶ 10} In his appellate brief, appellant argues only that the trial court
miscalculated the time to file his response, and that he had until January 30, 2017, not
January 29, 2017. Appellant asserts that he served his response upon appellees by mail
on January 30, 2017, but did not file his response until January 31, 2017. Appellant
therefore argues that the trial court erred when it dismissed his complaint without
considering his January 31, 2017 filing.
{¶ 11} Appellees, for their part, do not disagree with appellant that the applicable
response date was January 30, 2017. They argue, however, that appellant’s response was
nonetheless untimely because it was filed with the court on January 31, 2017. Appellees
stress that the fourteen-day deadline to respond to motions is a deadline to file the
opposition, not to serve it. In addition, as to the medical claims, appellees recognize that
Civ.R. 10(D)(2)(a) requires that “a complaint that contains a medical claim * * * shall be
accompanied by one or more affidavits of merit relative to each defendant named in the
complaint for whom expert testimony is necessary to establish liability.” Here, appellant
did not include an affidavit of merit. Moreover, appellees note that appellant did not
alternatively seek an extension of time in the complaint to file the affidavit of merit as
provided by Civ.R. 10(D)(2)(b), which states “The plaintiff may file a motion to extend
the period of time to file an affidavit of merit. The motion shall be filed by the plaintiff
5. with the complaint.” In this case, appellant did not file a motion to extend the time until
after the time for a responsive filing to appellees’ motion to dismiss had run. Therefore,
appellees conclude that the trial court correctly dismissed appellant’s complaint.
{¶ 12} It is well-established that “trial courts have inherent power to manage their
own dockets.” State ex rel. Charvat v. Frye, 114 Ohio St.3d 76, 2007-Ohio-2882, 868
N.E.2d 270, ¶ 23. “Absent an abuse of discretion, a trial court’s decision to grant a
motion to strike will not be overturned on appeal.” Brisco v. U.S. Restoration &
Remodeling, Inc., 10th Dist. Franklin Nos. 14AP-533, 14AP-543, 2015-Ohio-3567, ¶ 11,
quoting Embry v. Administrator, Bur. of Workers’ Comp., 10th Dist. Franklin No. 04AP-
1374, 2005-Ohio-7021, ¶ 12. An abuse of discretion connotes that the trial court’s
attitude was unreasonable, arbitrary, or unconscionable. Blakemore v. Blakemore, 5 Ohio
St.3d 217, 219, 450 N.E.2d 1140 (1983).
{¶ 13} We will address appellant’s assault and medical claims separately.
{¶ 14} Relative to his claim for assault, we hold that the trial court abused its
discretion when it struck appellant’s response and granted appellees’ motion to dismiss
without considering the response. We recognize that while “courts are generally lenient
with pro se litigants, such litigants are still obligated to follow the same rules and
procedures attorneys follow.” Washington v. St. Paul Fire & Marine Ins. Co., 6th Dist.
Lucas No. L-88-306, 1989 Ohio App. LEXIS 3818, *3 (Oct. 6, 1989), citing Meyers v.
First Natl. Bank, 3 Ohio App.3d 209, 210, 444 N.E.2d 412 (1st Dist.1981). However,
6. striking the response where it was filed only one day late, and granting the motion to
dismiss without considering the response even though it was filed before the judgment
was journalized is unduly harsh, and runs counter to the tenet that the law favors deciding
cases on their merits. Tokles & Son, Inc. v. Midwestern Indemn. Co., 65 Ohio St.3d 621,
632, 605 N.E.2d 936 (1992).
{¶ 15} In contrast, relative to appellant’s medical claims, Civ.R. 10(D)(2) requires
that the affidavit of merit be filed with the complaint or that a request for an extension of
time be filed with the complaint. Appellant did neither. Further, appellant’s argument
that appellees delayed in sending him the medical records is not persuasive given that
appellees’ conduct, if true, would not have prevented him from seeking an extension of
time under Civ.R. 10(D)(2)(b). Therefore, we hold that the trial court did not abuse its
discretion when it struck his motion for an enlargement of time to file the affidavit of
merit, and dismissed his medical claims without prejudice. See Hall v. Northside Med.
Ctr., 178 Ohio App.3d 279, 2008-Ohio-4725, 897 N.E.2d 717, ¶ 35 (7th Dist.) (trial court
did not err in dismissing plaintiff’s complaint for lack of an affidavit of merit where the
motions for an extension of time were not filed until after the defendant filed an answer).
{¶ 16} Accordingly, appellant’s assignment of error is well-taken, in part.
IV. Conclusion
{¶ 17} For the foregoing reasons, we find that substantial justice was not done the
party complaining, and the judgment of the Lucas County Court of Common Pleas is
7. affirmed, in part, and reversed, in part. Specifically, the trial court’s dismissal without
prejudice of appellant’s medical claims is affirmed. The trial court’s dismissal of
appellant’s assault claim is reversed, and the trial court’s striking of appellant’s
opposition to the motion to dismiss is reversed. This matter is remanded to the trial court
to consider appellant’s opposition to appellees’ motion to dismiss as it pertains to the
assault claim. Pursuant to App.R. 24, costs of this appeal are to be shared evenly by the
parties.
Judgment affirmed, in part, and reversed, in part.
A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to App.R. 27. See also 6th Dist.Loc.App.R. 4.
Mark L. Pietrykowski, J. ____________________________ JUDGE Arlene Singer, J. ____________________________ James D. Jensen, P.J. JUDGE CONCUR. ____________________________ JUDGE
8.