Bui v. Phan

2026 NCBC 3
North Carolina Business Court·Decided January 21, 2026·No. 24-CVS-1348·Published·Adam M. Conrad

Opinion

Bui v. Phan, 2026 NCBC 3.

STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA IN THE GENERAL COURT OF JUSTICE SUPERIOR COURT DIVISION

MECKLENBURG COUNTY 24CV001348-590

THAO PHUONG BUI, Plaintiff,

v. FINDINGS OF FACT, CONCLUSIONS OF LAW, AND JUDGMENT

KHANH NGOC PHAN and GOLDEN FOLLOWING BENCH TRIAL ROOSTER, LLC,

Defendants.

1. This case arises out of a dispute between Golden Rooster, LLC’s members—

Plaintiff Thao Phuong Bui and Defendant Khanh Ngoc Phan. In September 2025, the Court held a bench trial on Bui’s claims for breach of contract and declaratory judgment. Having considered all relevant evidence, the Court enters the following findings of fact, conclusions of law, and judgment.

Vilmer Caudill, PLLC by Bo Caudill, Megan Cobb, and Nicholas Williams, for Plaintiff Thao Phuong Bui.

Raynor Law Firm PLLC, by Kenneth Raynor, for Defendant Khanh Ngoc Phan.

No counsel appeared for Nominal Defendant Golden Rooster, LLC. 1 Conrad, Judge.

1 Golden Rooster is a nominal defendant for purposes of Bui’s claims and is not represented by counsel.

I.

FINDINGS OF FACT 2

2. Bui and Phan are erstwhile romantic partners. Their relationship, which goes back nearly twenty years, ended in February 2023 when Bui discovered that Phan had been unfaithful.

3. Golden Rooster, LLC is a North Carolina limited liability company formed in early 2019. (Tr. Ex. 1; Stip. ¶ (c).)

4. Bui and Phan are Golden Rooster’s only members, each owning a fifty-percent interest. (Stip. ¶ (f).)

5. About a year after forming Golden Rooster, Bui and Phan executed an operating agreement to govern its operations. The agreement is valid, as stipulated by the parties. Bui and Phan did not consult a lawyer in connection with making the agreement; rather, Phan created it using a template that she found online. (See Tr. Ex. 2 [“Op. Agrmt.”]; Stip. ¶¶ (d), (e).)

6. Golden Rooster’s purpose, as stated (somewhat ungrammatically) in the operating agreement, is “[r]eal estate purchase, sell, and rentals.” (Op. Agrmt. ¶ 3; see also Stip. ¶ (h).)

2 The trial record includes the testimony of Bui and Phan, who were the only witnesses, and

more than thirty exhibits. The record also includes the parties’ stipulations of fact, which appear in the first section of the final pretrial order. (See ECF No. 110 [“Stip.”].) In general, the Court finds the documentary evidence far more compelling than the witness testimony. Bui and Phan are interested parties, and neither’s testimony, standing alone, was more credible than the other’s.

7. The company’s management “is vested in the Members,” and Bui and Phan have equal managerial authority and equal voting power for matters requiring a member or manager vote. (Op. Agrmt. ¶¶ 17, 23; Stip ¶ (g).)

8. The operating agreement values the members’ capital contributions equally, promises that each “will receive an equal share of any Distribution,” and grants each the same right to inspect company records. (Op. Agrmt. ¶¶ 6, 8, 45.)

9. The operating agreement also states that neither member “may do any act in contravention of” its terms; confer “express, implied or apparent authority” on a nonmember; “make it impossible to carry on the ordinary business of the Company”; “bind or obligate the Company to any extent with regard to any matter outside the intended purpose of the Company”; or “confess a judgment against the Company.” A “violation” of these “forbidden acts will be deemed an Involuntary Withdrawal” from membership. (Op. Agrmt. ¶¶ 55–60.)

10. A separate provision deals with expulsion from membership. The operating agreement states that either member may seek to expel the other when “it has been judicially determined” that the to-be-expelled member “engaged in wrongful conduct that adversely and materially affected the Company’s business”; “willfully or persistently committed a material breach of” the agreement “or of a duty owed to the Company or the other Members”; or “engaged in conduct relating to the Company’s business that makes it not reasonably practicable to carry on the business with the Member.” (Op. Agrmt. ¶ 29.)

11. There is also a limitation-of-liability clause, which states that a member “will be liable only for any and all acts and omissions involving intentional wrongdoing.” In no event is a member “liable to the Company or to any other Member for any mistake or error in judgment or for any act or omission believed in good faith to be within the scope of authority conferred or implied by” the operating agreement. (Op. Agrmt. ¶ 62.)

12. When Bui and Phan ended their romantic relationship in February 2023, they decided to end their business relationship as well. At that time, Golden Rooster owned three rental properties. Bui favored liquidating all three properties and splitting the proceeds; Phan favored retaining the properties and buying Bui’s membership interest. (See Tr. Ex. 37.)

13. Over a span of several weeks in February and March 2023, Bui withdrew more than $300,000 from Golden Rooster’s accounts with Phan’s consent. (Tr. Ex. 38.)

14. In April 2023, Phan withdrew $7,000 from Golden Rooster’s account with Fifth Third Bank. (Tr. Ex. 28.)

15. The parties dispute whether Bui knew about and gave consent to the April 2023 withdrawal. The Court finds that she did. Three facts support Phan’s recollection on this point. First, Bui and Phan commonly discussed distributions and other financial transfers orally without documenting their agreements. Second, Phan paid $142,000 into the Fifth Third account just a few weeks before the $7,000 withdrawal, significantly weakening any inference of nefarious intent. Third, although Bui lost online access to Golden Rooster’s accounts after the breakup, she represented to Phan that she “was able to get the info [she] needed for [the Fifth Third] business accounts” as of July 2023. Despite having “the info [she] needed,” Bui failed to note or object to the $7,000 payment, supporting an inference that she knew about it and had given consent. (Tr. Exs. 14, 15, 33, 38.)

16. In July 2023, Bui and Phan agreed to sell two of Golden Rooster’s rental properties, after which Phan would buy Bui’s membership interest. Closings for these properties occurred in September and October 2023. (See Tr. Ex. 37.)

17. Also in July 2023, Bui asked Phan to provide access to Golden Rooster’s Venmo, Baselane, Bank of America, and other financial accounts. In response, Phan explained which accounts received rent payments from which tenants but did not divulge online credentials for any account. Phan also stated that she used her “personal log in” to access the Bank of America account and that, as a result, Bui would “have to set up [her] own log in for” that account. (See Tr. Exs. 14, 15.)

18. In a lengthy email dated 23 August 2023, Bui told Phan that “[I] am declaring war against you.” Citing Phan’s infidelity, Bui pledged “no forgiveness” and to “battle until one of us falls or both of us fall.” According to Bui, “I am willing to spend money to bring you down,” and “I can totally afford to spend everything I have to making sure you have nothing left.” She added that “You will fight to keep what you have . . . and I will fight to prevent you from keeping it.” (Tr. Ex. 31.)

19. Just two days after “declaring war,” Bui sent another email urging Phan to “engage a real estate attorney to draft up a buy-out agreement” for Bui’s interest in Golden Rooster. (Tr. Ex. 16.)

20. On 16 September 2023, Phan contacted attorney Jason Norman “to solicit [his] legal service . . . in reviewing and drafting up a partnership buyout agreement with the goal of not having [Bui] come after the business or me personally after this buyout.” (Tr. Ex. 26.)

21. In a response on 25 September 2023, Norman stated that he could “work up something for” Phan. (Tr. Ex. 26.)

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