Brummitt v. Chaney

170 N.W.2d 481, 18 Mich. App. 59, 1969 Mich. App. LEXIS 1031
CourtMichigan Court of Appeals
DecidedJune 25, 1969
DocketDocket 4,725
StatusPublished
Cited by12 cases

This text of 170 N.W.2d 481 (Brummitt v. Chaney) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Michigan Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Brummitt v. Chaney, 170 N.W.2d 481, 18 Mich. App. 59, 1969 Mich. App. LEXIS 1031 (Mich. Ct. App. 1969).

Opinion

Bronson, J.

This appeal is taken from a judgment following a jury verdict of no cause of action rendered in the Wayne county circuit court. It concerns a suit instituted on behalf of Robert Lee Brummitt, a minor, and his father. The action commenced by plaintiff relates to injuries suffered by Robert Lee Brummitt when he ran out from between parked cars into the street and was struck by an automobile driven by Warren Chaney, defendant’s deceased husband. At the time of the accident Robert Brummitt was two years and eight months old.

At trial plaintiff contended that defendant had driven negligently. Defendant attempted to show that he exercised maximum care in his driving and also pleaded the doctrine of sudden emergency.

At trial and through deposition several witnesses testified as to the speed at which defendant was driving when the accident occurred. The defense *61 moved for a directed verdict and this motion was denied by the trial judge. The case went to the jury, which returned a verdict of no cause of action. A motion for new trial was filed by plaintiff, and this motion was denied by the trial judge. Plaintiff appeals from this decision.

Plaintiff claims on appeal that the trial court erred in admitting testimony of the investigating police officer as to the speed at which the vehicle of defendant’s decedent was traveling. Plaintiff further claims that he was denied a fair trial because of allegedly prejudicial statements made by defense counsel during his closing argument.

Police officer Alex Taylor, who investigated the accident, arrived after the accident had occurred. ITe had been a police officer since 1949, and from 1950 to 1965 he investigated accidents for the Accident Prevention Bureau. The only person he remembered talking to was Mr. Chaney. Taylor paced off the two fresh skid marks and recorded a measurement of about 25 feet.

Taylor was asked on direct examination to render an opinion based on his own experience as to the probable speed of defendant’s car at the time of the accident. Plaintiff’s counsel objected on the ground that no proper foundation had been laid, and that Taylor was not qualified to draw such a conclusion. The trial judge permitted the testimony, and Taylor testified that he judged the speed of. defendant’s car to be about 15 to 20 m.p.h.

It was testified to on cross-examination that the day of the accident had been clear and dry;' defendant’s brakes were in good order; and that the skid marks were 25 feet long. Testimony also adduced that Taylor did not know the coefficient of friction on Baldwin street, the efficiency of defendant’s car’s brake lining and tires, the weight of defendant’s *62 car, or whether the skid marks were made by the front or rear tires.

Appellant cites Jackson v. Trogan (1961), 364 Mich 148, to substantiate his view. In Jackson, a young state policeman gave his opinion about the speed of an automobile based on the force of impact and skid marks. The Court in Jackson held that the testimony of the state policeman was inadmissible because there were too many factors open to question in determining speed. In finding the testimony inadmissible, the Court noted in Jackson the inexperience of the witness in investigation of this type of accident. In the case at bar the officer testifying had been investigating accidents for 15 years. The trial judge found Officer Taylor qualified on the basis of his experience to offer an expert opinion. We cannot say that this exercise of the trial judge’s discretion was clearly erroneous.

In the instant case, there is no question that Officer Taylor is highly experienced in this field. Furthermore, there is no question that the determination whether a witness has the qualifications of an expert is clearly a question for the trial judge. The trial judge’s discretion in the matter is only interfered with by an appellate court in the event that that discretion is abused. People v. Hawthorne (1940), 293 Mich 15, cited with approval in Accetola v. Hood (1967), 7 Mich App 83, 86. The question remains, however, whether the expert has available the necessary data at his disposal in order to render an expert opinion within the purview of GCR 1963, 605:

“Questions calling for the opinion of an expert witness need not be hypothetical in form unless the judge, in his discretion, so requires. The witness may state his opinion and reasons therefor without *63 first specifying data on which it is based, bnt upon cross-examination, be may be required to specify such data. The judge, in his discretion, may require that a witness, before testifying in terms of opinion or inference, be examined first concerning the data upon which the opinion or inference is founded. Testimony of expert witness in the form of opinions or inferences otherwise admissible is not objectionable because it embraces the ultimate issue or issues to be decided by the trier of the fact.”

It has been clearly established in Michigan that an expert may render an opinion concerning the point of impact of an accident based merely upon debris found and skid marks. See Dudek v. Popp (1964), 373 Mich 300; Woolner v. Ponicki (1966), 3 Mich App 590; and LaFave v. Kroger Co. (1966), 5 Mich App 446. There is language in each of these cases that would indicate that the experience of the expert may be a key factor.

In People v. Zimmerman (1968), 12 Mich App 241, the issue presented was whether a traffic accident reconstruction engineer could testify in a criminal prosecution as to the speed of defendant’s vehicle at the time of the accident. Judge Fitzgerald made the following statement concerning this area of the law:

“There are no Michigan decisions directly considering the allowance or denial of non-eyewitness expert opinion on the issue of speed in criminal prosecutions, but we are not constrained to state that, thus, such testimony is never admissible in criminal cases. Rather, we believe that it should be admissible whenever speed is a material factor to the case being tried even as to the ultimate issue (GrCR 1963, 605) where the jury, because of its inexperience, would require it to effectively interpret complicated facts in issue, and where the expert is *64 competent, lias conducted scientifically recognized tests based on the facts presented, and does not invade tbe province of the jury by testifying' as to the cause of tbe accident or liability therefor.
“Our willingness to accept such expert opinion evidence as to speed when it is properly presented is reinforced by reference to a number of sources: See 2 Wharton’s Criminal Evidence (12th ed), § 553, p 416; 9C Blashfield, Cyclopedia of Automobile Law & Practice, § 6231, p 382; and by reference to the Michigan law applicable to civil cases. See Dudek v. Popp, supra; but see Washburn v. Lucas

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Bluebook (online)
170 N.W.2d 481, 18 Mich. App. 59, 1969 Mich. App. LEXIS 1031, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/brummitt-v-chaney-michctapp-1969.