Brown v. Jefferson County Police Merit Board

751 S.W.2d 23, 1988 Ky. LEXIS 34, 1988 WL 48833
CourtKentucky Supreme Court
DecidedMay 19, 1988
DocketNos. 87-SC-590-DG, 87-SC-599-DG and 87-SC-606-DG
StatusPublished
Cited by11 cases

This text of 751 S.W.2d 23 (Brown v. Jefferson County Police Merit Board) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Kentucky Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Brown v. Jefferson County Police Merit Board, 751 S.W.2d 23, 1988 Ky. LEXIS 34, 1988 WL 48833 (Ky. 1988).

Opinions

LEIBSON, Justice.

These are three cases consolidated on appeal. The parties are (1) Felecia Brown, who has been terminated from her employment with the Jefferson County Police Department by written notice from the Chief [24]*24of Police, (2) the Police Department, and (3) the Jefferson County Police Merit Board.

Brown had completed classroom instruction and field training and had been sworn in as a Jefferson County Police Officer with the rank of Grade C Patrolman on October 1, 1984. On August 18, 1985, she was involved in an off duty altercation wherein she struck a neighbor with a shovel, allegedly in self-defense. She was notified by the Chief of Police that she was suspended pending investigation of the incident, and then, on September 9, 1985, notified of termination from her employment for “the good of the department.”

Brown filed a notice of her intention to appeal from her termination with the Merit Board. The Merit Board dismissed her appeal summarily, without considering the merits, on grounds that under the “Rules and Regulations” of the Merit Board hers was a probationary appointment subject to removal during probation “by the Chief for the efficiency of the service,” and under Merit Board Regulation 8.4(3):

“An employee so removed during any original probation period shall be dismissed. This action is not appealable by the employee.”

Brown then filed an original action in Jefferson Circuit Court designated a “statutory appeal pursuant to KRS 15.520(2) and KRS 78.455(2),” demanding that her right to a hearing be recognized under KRS Chapter 78, which provides for a county police force merit system in Sections .400 to .480, and demanding reinstatement and employment with full back pay and benefits.

The circuit court sustained a motion to dismiss Brown’s complaint, holding that the probationary regulations in question were a valid exercise of the Merit Board’s regulatory powers. The Court of Appeals then reversed the judgment of the Jefferson Circuit Court and remanded with directions to the circuit court to order the Jefferson County Police Merit Board to review Officer Felecia Brown’s appeal and hold a public hearing pursuant to KRS 78.455(1). The essence of the Court of Appeals’ opinion is that the Merit Board’s Regulation 8.4(3), quoted above, is void because it conflicts with the statutory scheme authorizing and providing for a county police force merit system. The Court of Appeals held that, at least insofar as removal, regardless of her designation as a probationary appointment, Brown was a member of the County Police force and a covered employee included in the merit system and entitled to the statutory protections attending the disciplinary and removal process described in KRS 78.445 through 78.460.

KRS 78.425, “Personnel included in merit system,” provides in (1) that “[a]ll police officers of whatever rank and title, and all employes of every county police force affected by KRS 78.400 to 78.460 and 78.990 are covered by the provisions hereof,” and in (3) that “[a]ll personnel covered by the provisions [of these sections] shall be deemed to be permanent employes subject to their ability to satisfactorily perform their respective duties and further subject to their good behavior.” KRS 78.460 provides for a “due process” hearing before the Merit Board, which includes “an opportunity to confront his accusers and the privilege of presenting the board with evidence.”

There are two issues presented for discretionary review. On the one hand, the Merit Board and the Police Department claim that the Court of Appeals erred in denying the validity of the Merit Board’s Regulations establishing probationary appointments as a separate class and permitting their summary removal. Brown, of course, agrees with the Court of Appeals’ decision in this respect. But Brown claims that the Court of Appeals erred in remanding the case for a Board hearing. She claims that she is entitled to reinstatement to the police force with full back pay because of the last sentence in Section .460, which provides:

“Any officer who is not given a hearing within sixty (60) days of any charge so placed shall be reinstated in full.”

We affirm the holding of the Court of Appeals for reasons that will be stated. However, we agree with the Merit Board and the Police Department that the Court [25]*25of Appeals went too far where it opined that “discharge from the police force” for misconduct which occurs while “off duty” is necessarily beyond the scope of the Merit Board’s Regulations. The kind of misconduct that merits suspension or removal is beyond the scope of this appeal. The issue on appeal is the procedural questions involved in the right to a hearing.

Further, we do not view as critical, as did the Court of Appeals, the context of Section .428. This section exempts from the county police force merit system legislation, for purposes of appointment and removal, “the chief of police, assistant chiefs, and any officers above the rank of captain of county police forces in counties having a population of 600,000 or more.” This is an exemption for a limited, fact-specific situation, rather than a section controlling by implication who may be excluded personnel in present circumstances.

The Merit Board and the Police Department claim that they derive from Sections .405 and .440 the authority to enact rules and regulations that set up probationary appointments subject to summary removal by the Chief of Police, exempted from the statutory protections of the county police force merit system.

KRS 78.405, in pertinent part, authorizes the Merit Board “to promulgate rules and regulations governing the classification, qualification, examination, appointment, promotion, demotion, fine, suspension and other disciplinary action within the said county police force of all personnel ... affected and covered by KRS 78.400 to 78.460.” KRS 78.440, in pertinent part, provides the Merit Board with rule-making power “for the qualifications, original appointment, promotion, demotion, transfer, layoff, reinstatement, suspension, fine and removal of the officers and employes covered by KRS 78.400 to 78.460.” Both Sections refer specifically to promulgating rules and regulations for “covered” employees and neither authorizes the Board to suspend the statutory rights of such employees.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
751 S.W.2d 23, 1988 Ky. LEXIS 34, 1988 WL 48833, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/brown-v-jefferson-county-police-merit-board-ky-1988.