Briggs v. Moelich

2012 Ohio 1049

• Court: Ohio Court of Appeals
• Decided: March 15, 2012
• Docket: 97001
• Status: Published

Opinion

[Cite as Briggs v. Moelich, 2012-Ohio-1049.]

Court of Appeals of Ohio EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA

JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION No. 97001

TRACY A. BRIGGS PLAINTIFF-APPELLANT

vs.

JEFFREY M. MOELICH DEFENDANT-APPELLEE

JUDGMENT: AFFIRMED

Civil Appeal from the Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas Domestic Relations Division Case No. D-324032

BEFORE: S. Gallagher, J., Boyle, P.J., and Sweeney, J.

RELEASED AND JOURNALIZED: March 15, 2012 ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT

Joseph Bancsi The Goodwin Bryan Building 22050 Mastick Road Fairview Park, OH 44126

ATTORNEY FOR APPELLEE

Pamela J. MacAdams Morganstern, MacAdams & DeVito Co., LPA 623 West St. Clair Avenue Cleveland, OH 44113 SEAN C. GALLAGHER, J.:

{¶1} Plaintiff-appellant, Tracy A. Briggs, appeals the judgment of the Cuyahoga

County Court of Common Pleas, Division of Domestic Relations, that found her in

contempt of court and granted attorney fees to defendant-appellee Jeffrey M. Moelich.

For the reasons stated herein, we affirm.

{¶2} Briggs and Moelich were divorced on November 2, 2009. As part of the

divorce proceedings, the parties entered a number of agreed judgment entries involving

the division of property. Subsequent to the judgment entry of divorce, Moelich filed a

motion to show cause and motion for attorney fees. Briggs filed a motion to dismiss and

a motion to show cause, along with motions for attorney fees.

{¶3} Following a three-day hearing, the court magistrate granted Moelich’s

motion to show cause in part and granted his motion for attorney fees. The magistrate

found Briggs was in contempt of court for failing to comply with the court’s orders

relating to the sale of the former marital home, the award of personal property to Moelich,

and the delivery of the boat title and a spare car key to Moelich. No contempt was found

in relation to the Fidelity accounts and the payment of taxes and insurance premiums.

The magistrate sentenced Briggs to 30 days in jail, subject to certain purge conditions.

The order included a $10,000 award of attorney fees. {¶4} Briggs’s motion to dismiss was granted in part as to matters where no

contempt was found. The magistrate also granted Briggs’s motion to show cause in part,

only as to the necessity to pay the real estate tax bill associated with the former marital

residence. Her motions for attorney fees were denied.

{¶5} Briggs filed objections to the magistrate’s decision that were overruled by

the trial court. The court adopted the magistrate’s decision as modified to reflect an

attorney’s fee award to Moelich of $12,000. Briggs’s contempt was subject to the

following purge conditions:

1. Delivering to Mr. Moelich at [Briggs’s] expense the items of personal property awarded to [Moelich] that remain in her possession, which were not moved on April 23, 2010.

2. Paying Mr. Moelich $3,848.49 for [Briggs’s] interference with the sale of the marital property.

3. Obtaining a replacement title for the Four Winns boat and delivering the title to Mr. Moelich.

4. Paying Mr. Moelich attorney fees in the amount of $12,000.

5. All the above shall be completed within 45 days of the journalization of this order.

{¶6} The court ordered that Briggs’s failure to comply with the purge conditions

will result in a judgment to Moelich in the amount of $15,848.49, which was in addition

to the thirty-day jail sentence that would be imposed.

{¶7} Briggs timely filed an appeal with this court. As an initial matter, we note

that there is a final appealable order in this matter. We have previously recognized that

the mere adjudication of contempt of court is not a final appealable order when the court defers the imposition of punishment for the contempt. Cleveland Civ. Serv. Emps. Assn.

v. Cleveland, 8th Dist. No. 93922, 2010-Ohio-4352, ¶ 58; Cooper v. Cooper, 14 Ohio

App.3d 327, 328-329, 471 N.E.2d 525 (8th Dist.1984). While some cases have found

there is no final appealable order when the opportunity to purge the contempt is pending,

that principle does not apply when the contempt order includes the imposition of a penalty

or a sanction. See Davis-Wright v. Wright, 4th Dist. 09CA1, 2010-Ohio-3984, ¶ 7-8;

Check v. Rossetti, 5th Dist. No. 2004-CA-332, 2005-Ohio-3463, ¶ 3; Noll v. Noll, 9th

Dist. No. 03CA008216, 2003-Ohio-5358, ¶ 9-11. Here, the trial court’s order includes

an order of contempt and the imposition of a penalty and a sanction, i.e., a 30-day jail

sentence and a monetary sanction for Briggs’s failure to comply with the purge conditions

within 45 days of the judgment. Under these circumstances, there is a final appealable

order.

{¶8} Briggs raises nine assignments of error for our review. For clarity of review,

we shall address them out of order and together where appropriate.

{¶9} A lower court’s finding of contempt will not be reversed absent an abuse of

discretion. State ex rel. Celebrezze v. Gibbs, 60 Ohio St.3d 69, 75, 573 N.E.2d 62

(1991). In order to find an “abuse of discretion,” we must determine that the trial court’s

decision was unreasonable, arbitrary, or unconscionable. Blakemore v. Blakemore, 5

Ohio St.3d 217, 219, 450 N.E.2d 1140 (1983).

{¶10} Pursuant to R.C. 2705.02, the disobedience of, or resistance to, a court order

may be punished for a contempt. Thus, a party’s failure to comply with the property division in a divorce decree is subject to contempt proceedings. Chojnowski v.

Chojnowski, 8th Dist. No. 81379, 2003-Ohio-298, ¶ 19. A prima facie case of contempt

is shown where the divorce decree is before the court along with proof of the alleged

contemnor’s failure to comply with the decree. Dzina v. Dzina, 8th Dist. No. 83148,

2004-Ohio-4497, ¶ 63. “A person charged with contempt for violation of a court order

may defend by proving it was not in his power to obey the order.” Peach v. Peach, 8th

Dist. Nos. 82414 and 82500, 2003-Ohio-5645, ¶ 37.

{¶11} Civil contempt sanctions, which are remedial or coercive in nature, are often

employed to compel compliance with the court order and are imposed for the benefit of

the complainant. State ex rel. Corn v. Russo, 90 Ohio St.3d 551, 555, 2001-Ohio-15, 740

N.E.2d 265. A sanction imposed for a civil contempt must afford the contemnor the

opportunity to purge the contempt. Carroll v. Detty, 113 Ohio App.3d 708, 712, 681

N.E.2d 1383 (4th Dist.1996). A trial court also has the discretion to award reasonable

attorney fees against a party found in civil contempt. Peach at ¶ 44. Delayed

compliance before a contempt hearing does not prevent an award of attorney fees.

Walton v. Davis, 10th Dist. No. 96APF11-1503, 1997 WL 358860 (June 26, 1997);

Roach v. Roach, 61 Ohio App.3d 315, 323-324, 572 N.E.2d 772 (8th Dist.1989).

{¶12} Briggs’s first assignment of error challenges the trial court’s finding of

contempt for failing to deliver a spare set of car keys to Moelich. Pursuant to the parties’

“in court agreement” attached to the divorce decree, Briggs was to provide the keys or

replacement costs by November 15, 2009. While Briggs concedes that she had the keys and delivered the keys a week late, she claims that Moelich did not suffer any injury by

her noncompliance with the court’s order.

{¶13} We recognize that Briggs had delivered the keys before Moelich filed his

motion to show cause and that no damages were incurred. However, because Briggs

failed to timely comply with the trial court’s order, we cannot say the court abused its

discretion in finding Briggs in contempt. Briggs’s first assignment of error is overruled.

{¶14} Briggs’s second assignment of error challenges the finding of contempt for

failing to deliver the boat title to Moelich. Pursuant to the parties’ “in-court agreement”

attached to the divorce decree, Briggs was to deliver the boat title to Moelich by

November 15, 2009. Also, pursuant to an agreed judgment entry, Briggs was to execute

“all paperwork necessary to transfer her interest” in the boat to Moelich. The title was

never delivered to Moelich.

{¶15} A party must take all reasonable steps within her power to comply with the

court’s order and, when raising the defense of impossibility, must show “categorically and

in detail” why she is unable to comply with the court’s order. Lahoud v. Tri-Monex, Inc.,

8th Dist. No. 96118, 2011-Ohio-4120, ¶ 54.

{¶16} Briggs testified that she searched through the paperwork in her house and

could not find the title. The boat was located at Moelich’s cottage in Michigan, where

Moelich was staying. To Briggs’s knowledge, the boat was titled to Moelich. However,

Moelich testified that he believed the boat was jointly titled. Further, there was no showing concerning the execution of paperwork necessary to effectuate a transfer of

Briggs’s interest in the boat.

{¶17} The record reflects that there was simply a lack of evidence to demonstrate

whose name the boat was titled in or what efforts were required for obtaining a

replacement title. Because Briggs failed to meet her burden of showing she was unable

to comply with the court’s order, the trial court did not abuse its discretion by finding her

in contempt. Briggs’s second assignment of error is overruled.

{¶18} Briggs’ sixth assignment of error challenges the finding of contempt for

interfering with Moelich’s removal of his personal property from the marital residence.

{¶19} The parties’ in-court agreement set forth the division of personal property.

It allowed for a “walk through” by Moelich, accompanied by Briggs’s attorney, to tag or

list items for removal within ten days. Moelich was permitted to remove his personal

property on or before November 25, 2009. He was to provide three dates from which

Briggs could chose one for the movers.

{¶20} Moelich did not avail himself of the walk-through. After an initial date

change, the agreed date for the move was November 18, 2009. On the move date,

Moelich parked at the curb of the home to wait for the movers. Briggs called the police

because Moelich was allegedly violating a no-contact order that had been issued in Rocky

River Municipal Court. Moelich was arrested, and the scheduled move did not proceed.

Thereafter, the parties agreed to other arrangements for allowing Moelich to remove his

personal property. {¶21} On April 23, 2010, Moelich’s son, Robert, and his friend arrived with a

rented truck. Briggs instructed Robert to load items that were not on Moelich’s list.

Ultimately, all the property on the list was not loaded onto the truck. Unaware that the

movers were heading to Michigan that night, Briggs offered the movers the opportunity to

return the next morning to complete the removal.

{¶22} The trial court recognized that the parties’ in-court agreement did not

provide for Moelich’s presence during the move. However, the court recognized that

Briggs failed to cooperate and interfered with the removal of the property on April 23,

2010. The court found Briggs in contempt for interfering with Moelich’s retrieval and

removal of his personal property awarded in the divorce.

{¶23} Briggs argues that the court order provided for a removal by November 25,

2009, and that no legal obligation existed for removal at a later date. However, a

court-ordered modification was not necessary because the parties agreed to the later date.

Further, the date served to effectuate the court’s order for the division of personal

property. The trial court did not abuse its discretion in finding Briggs interfered with

Moelich’s retrieval of his personal property awarded in the divorce. Briggs’s sixth

assignment of error is overruled.

{¶24} Briggs’s seventh assignment of error claims that the trial court denied her

due process of law when it denied her the right to recross-examine the realtor, Gloria

Hardington. We find no merit to this argument. {¶25} It is within the trial court’s discretion to allow the opportunity to

recross-examine a witness. State v. Watson, 8th Dist. No. 90962, 2009-Ohio-2120, ¶ 62;

State v. Faulkner, 56 Ohio St.2d 42, 46, 381 N.E.2d 934 (1978). Briggs fails to show

any new subject matter was presented during redirect-examination, and she has not

demonstrated any prejudice. Accordingly, we find that the trial court did not abuse its

discretion, and we overrule the seventh assignment of error.

{¶26} Briggs’s eighth assignment of error challenges the finding of contempt for

interfering with and impeding the sale of the former marital home, as well as the damages

awarded.

{¶27} In an agreed judgment entry, the parties agreed to the sale of the former

marital home. They agreed to list the home with realtor Gloria Hardington of Howard

Hanna Realty and to follow her recommendations concerning the listing price and price

reductions “in order to sell the property in a timely fashion.”

{¶28} Evidence was presented showing that Briggs acted in resistance to the

court’s order. There was evidence showing that she failed to cooperate with the realtor,

disagreed with price reductions, removed fliers from a box attached to a lawn sign,

removed the key from the realtor’s lock box, removed the for-sale sign, and cancelled

showings with interested buyers. The trial court found that “much of the resistence

stemmed from the recommended reductions to the listing price of the home.”

Hardington testified that she believed Briggs wanted to sell the home, but on her own

terms. Upon the expiration of the six-month listing agreement, Briggs was to select a successor agent from a list of two agents provided by Moelich. Briggs delayed in her

selection, causing a lapse in the listing. The parties ultimately accepted an offer on the

house of $365,000. The initial listing was in the mid $400,000s.

{¶29} The trial court found Briggs’s actions interfered with, and potentially

impeded, the sale of the home. Upon our review, we find no abuse of discretion by the

trial court in finding Briggs in contempt.

{¶30} The court ordered Briggs to pay $3,848 for her interference with the sale of

the home. The amount represented the amount of the mortgage Moelich paid above the

$2,000 spousal support obligation he would have when the home sold. While Briggs

argues this was an improper modification of spousal support, the record reflects that the

amount was to reimburse Moelich for losses he sustained as a result of the contempt

violation. Finding no abuse of discretion, we overrule Briggs’s eighth assignment of

error.

{¶31} Briggs’s third, fourth, and fifth assignments of error challenge the trial

court’s award of attorney fees on matters for which she was not held in contempt. Briggs

argues that a lump sum award was improper and the fees should have been segregated

according to the separate claims of contempt. Briggs’s ninth assignment of error

challenges the trial court’s modification of the magistrate’s decision to increase the

amount of attorney fees awarded from $10,000 to $12,000. Briggs fails to cite any

authority in support of her argument. {¶32} A trial court has discretion to award attorney fees in a divorce action.

Lemke v. Lemke, 8th Dist. No. 94557, 2011-Ohio-457, ¶ 38. R.C. 3105.73(B) provides:

(B) In any post-decree motion or proceeding that arises out of an action for

divorce, * * * the court may award all or part of reasonable attorney’s fees

and litigation expenses to either party if the court finds the award equitable.

In determining whether an award is equitable, the court may consider the

parties’ income, the conduct of the parties, and any other relevant factors

the court deems appropriate, but it may not consider the parties’ assets.

{¶33} Additionally, we have recognized that “trial courts have discretion to award

reasonable attorney’s fees against a party found guilty of civil contempt, even in the

absence of a statute specifically authorizing the award.” Peach, 8th Dist. Nos. 82414

and 82500, 2003-Ohio-5645, at ¶ 44, citing Chojnowski, 8th Dist. No. 81379,

2003-Ohio-298, at ¶ 22.

{¶34} The trial court found that Briggs was in contempt and that Moelich incurred

attorney fees to enforce the orders of the court. Moelich’s attorney testified to an hourly

rate of $325 per hour and to her rate being commensurate to the hourly rate of family law

attorneys in the community with similar credentials. Counsel testified to the contentious

nature of the litigation, which resulted in increased fees. Counsel’s fee statement, which

highlighted the time spent on issues related to the contempt, was submitted to the court.

The court noted that not all of the fees on the fee statement were related to the issues of

the motion to show cause. {¶35} Moelich sought fees in the amount of $19,835 for 61.03 hours of time spent

on the contempt-related issues. Though the fee statement did not precisely identify

which particular contempt claim related to each entry, counsel indicated that the issues

were not treated that way and that the issues were dealt with together.

{¶36} The magistrate recognized that there were multiple contempt issues and the

parties were in trial multiple days. The magistrate found that the fees sought were

reasonable, considered the ability to pay of the parties, and limited the attorney fees award

to $10,000. Upon independent review, the trial court judge modified the amount to

$12,000.

{¶37} Our review of the record indicates that the court assessed the reasonableness

of Moelich’s attorney fees in relation to the contempt. We find no abuse of discretion in

the trial court’s award of $12,000 in attorney fees. Briggs’s remaining assignments of

error are overruled.

{¶38} Judgment affirmed.

It is ordered that appellee recover from appellant costs herein taxed.

The court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.

It is ordered that a special mandate issue out of this court directing the common

pleas court to carry this judgment into execution.

A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to Rule 27 of

the Rules of Appellate Procedure. SEAN C. GALLAGHER, JUDGE

MARY J. BOYLE, P.J., and JAMES J. SWEENEY, J., CONCUR