Blatnik Co. v. Ketola

587 F.2d 379
CourtCourt of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit
DecidedNovember 13, 1978
DocketNo. 78-1151
StatusPublished
Cited by7 cases

This text of 587 F.2d 379 (Blatnik Co. v. Ketola) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Blatnik Co. v. Ketola, 587 F.2d 379 (8th Cir. 1978).

Opinion

ROSS, Circuit Judge.

This appeal from the district court’s1 grant of a cross-motion for summary judgment in favor of appellees arose out of appellants’ action for declaratory and in-junctive relief and the dismissal of their complaint. Appellants challenged the constitutionality of an ordinance2 enacted by [381]*381the City of Virginia, Minnesota which, in part, provides for the prohibition of semi-nudity and nudity and other sexually explicit entertainment in on-premises liquor establishments. Appellants alleged that the ordinance is overbroad in that it prohibits activities entitled to the protection of the first and fourteenth amendments to the Constitution.3

Appellants, the Blatnik Company, and its president, Jack Blatnik, Jr., are engaged in the operation of a duly licensed liquor establishment in Virginia, Minnesota. The Blatnik Company provides entertainment for its customers consisting of “go-go” dancers. The appellees are Jerry H. Ketola, City Attorney for the City of Virginia, J. Edward Pearsall, Mayor of Virginia and Edward Snyder, Virginia’s Chief of Police. The appellees are responsible for the enforcement of the ordinance.

For the reasons hereinafter stated, we agree with the district court that there were no genuine issues of material fact presented and that the appellees were entitled to judgment as a matter of law.

I.

We note at the outset that appellants have alleged the existence of a ease or controversy within the meaning of article III of the Constitution and that their claim for relief under 28 U.S.C. § 2201 is justiciable.

Federal declaratory relief under 28 U.S.C. § 2201 is available when those seeking to invoke the power of federal courts allege an actual case or controversy within the meaning of article III of the Constitution. Doe v. Bolton, 410 U.S. 179, 188, 93 S.Ct. 739, 35 L.Ed.2d 201 (1972); Flast v. Cohen, 392 U.S. 83, 99-101, 88 S.Ct. 1942, 20 L.Ed.2d 947 (1968). In order to assure the requisite adverseness of interest which “sharpens the presentation of issues upon which the court so largely depends for illumination of difficult constitutional questions” the parties must possess a “personal stake in the outcome” of the case. Baker v. Carr, 369 U.S. 186, 204, 82 S.Ct. 691, 7 L.Ed.2d 663 (1962).

In Steffel v. Thompson, 415 U.S. 452, 475, 94 S.Ct. 1209, 39 L.Ed.2d 505 (1974), the Supreme Court held that declaratory relief may be invoked against a general as well as an actual threat of state prosecution whether an attack is made on the constitutionality of a state statute on its face or as applied. The challenger need not expose himself to actual arrest.

In this case the ordinance is not moribund and applies particularly and unambiguously to appellants’ business. A violation of any provision of the ordinance is grounds for revocation or suspension of any and all licenses held by a liquor establishment as well as the imposition of a term of imprisonment or a fine up to $300.00.

II.

This case presents the issue of whether the state’s broad regulatory power over liquor within its borders, conferred by the twenty-first amendment, outweighs a tavern owner’s first amendment interest in presenting sexually explicit entertainment to its patrons. We conclude that it does.

Although it has been held that the twenty-first amendment must be read in light of other provisions of the Constitution, Hostetter v. Idlewild Liquor Corp., 377 U.S. 324, 332, 84 S.Ct. 1293, 12 L.Ed.2d 350 (1964), it has been read as conferring something more upon a state than the normal operation of the police power. In Seagram & Sons v. Hostetter, 384 U.S. 35, 42, 86 S.Ct. 1254, 16 L.Ed.2d 336 (1966), the Court reaffirmed its view that a state is not confined by the normal operation of the commerce clause when regulating intoxicating [382]*382liquors within its borders. Accord, Finch & Co. v. McKittrick, 305 U.S. 395, 398, 59 S.Ct. 356, 83 L.Ed. 246 (1939). Furthermore, a regulation enacted pursuant to the twenty-first amendment entitles it to a presumption of validity. California v. LaRue, 409 U.S. 109, 118-19, 93 S.Ct. 390, 34 L.Ed.2d 342 (1972).

III.

It is important to note at the outset that this case is before us in the context of the city’s regulatory powers over intoxicating liquors within its borders. The City of Virginia has not attempted to bar all nude entertainment, whether live or on film, across the board. Rather the city has prohibited such entertainment only in establishments licensed to sell liquor by the drink.

In California v. LaRue, supra, 409 U.S. 109, 93 S.Ct. 390, 34 L.Ed.2d 342, the Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of a regulation issued by the California Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control which prohibited explicit sexual live entertainment and films in taverns licensed to sell liquor by the drink. The Court pointed out that the challenged regulations arose “not in the context of censoring a dramatic performance in a theater, but rather in a context of licensing bars and nightclubs to sell liquor by the drink.” Id. at 114, 93 S.Ct. at 395. The Court made it clear that because of the state’s broad regulatory powers under the twenty-first amendment traditional first amendment standards were not appropriate in resolving the issue of the regulation’s constitutionality. Id. at 116, 93 S.Ct. 390. While the Court admitted that the regulations proscribed some forms of entertainment entitled to the protection of the first amendment, the regulations were addressed to the conduct rather than speech elements of the entertainment. Id. at 116-17, 93 S.Ct. 390. The Court went on to apply a rational basis test concluding that the state may promulgate broad prophylactic rules banning sexually explicit entertainment at licensed taverns so long as they represent a reasonable exercise of a state’s twenty-first amendment powers and are rationally related to the furtherance of legitimate state interests. Because the Court could not conclude that the department’s decision that certain sexual performances ought not occur at licensed taverns selling liquor by the drink was an irrational one, the regulation on its face did not violate the first and fourteenth amendments to the Constitution. Id. at 118, 93 S.Ct. 390.

In Paladino v. City of Omaha, 471 F.2d 812 (8th Cir.

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Gray v. City of Valley Park, Mo.
567 F.3d 976 (Eighth Circuit, 2009)
Felix v. Milliken
463 F. Supp. 1360 (E.D. Michigan, 1978)
The Blatnik Company v. Ketola
587 F.2d 379 (Eighth Circuit, 1978)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
587 F.2d 379, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/blatnik-co-v-ketola-ca8-1978.