Birrueta v. Department of Labor & Industries

355 P.3d 320, 188 Wash. App. 831
CourtCourt of Appeals of Washington
DecidedJuly 9, 2015
DocketNo. 32210-6-III
StatusPublished
Cited by5 cases

This text of 355 P.3d 320 (Birrueta v. Department of Labor & Industries) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Washington primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Birrueta v. Department of Labor & Industries, 355 P.3d 320, 188 Wash. App. 831 (Wash. Ct. App. 2015).

Opinion

Siddoway, C.J.

¶1 The superior court in this case held that the Department of Labor and Industries was without authority to assess Jose Birrueta for an overpayment of time-loss benefits and to change his marital status for compensation purposes under RCW 51.32.240. This was because Mr. Birrueta’s marital status had been determined in a 2008 notice of decision by the department that had become final under RCW 51.52.050. In so holding, the trial court implicitly rejected at least two decisions by the Board of Industrial Insurance Appeals that construed the current version of RCW 51.32.240 as providing authority for recovering overpayments following a final order. The department appeals.

¶2 The construction of RCW 51.32.240 urged by the department fails to read the statute as a whole and fails in particular to consider language added by the legislature in 1999 and 2004. The board decisions on which the department relies also fail to address that critical language and reflect no specialized analysis to which we should accord deference. We agree with the trial court’s reading of the statute and affirm.

FACTS AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND

¶3 The material facts are not in dispute. In August 2004, Jose Luis Birrueta suffered a back injury when he fell from a ladder at work. He was taken to Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital, where someone completed patient information for him on a Department of Labor and Industries claim form [834]*834evidently made available to the hospital.1 The attending emergency room physician completed the medical section on the same day, indicating that Mr. Birrueta suffered a strain and would miss two days of work as a result. The patient information section indicated that at the time of the injury, Mr. Birrueta was married, that his spouse’s name was Graciela, and that he had one child, Araceli.

¶4 In fact, Mr. Birrueta was not married at the time he was injured. But he thereafter received time-loss benefits calculated as if he was, resulting in larger payments than he would have received as a single individual. Mr. Birrueta would later testify by declaration that he does not read or write in English; that the patient information included on the claim form was not his handwriting; that the form bears his signature but he does not recall signing it; that when he was taken to the emergency room he was unconscious much of the time; and that during transport by ambulance to the hospital he recalls being asked whether he had family in the area and responding that he had a sister, Graciela, who had a daughter, Araceli. At the time of his injury, Mr. Birrueta was living in the same house with Graciela and Araceli.

¶5 In September 2008, the department issued a notice of decision announcing its determination of Mr. Birrueta’s wage for compensation purposes. The notice of decision stated that the department treated his marital status eligibility as “married with 0 children.” Bd. R., Ex. 2. It disclosed the following additional determinations on which the wage was based:

[835]*835The wage for the job of injury is based on reported income for the twelve-month period from 01/01/2003 to 12/31/2003 of $14,577.48 equaling $1,214.79 per month.
Additional wage for the job of injury include:
Health care benefits NONE per month
Housing/Board/Fuel NONE per month
Worker’s total gross wage is $1,214.79 per month.

Id.

¶6 At the bottom of the notice was prominent text stating, “This order becomes final 60 days from the date it is communicated to you unless you do one of the following: file a written request for reconsideration with the Department or file a written appeal with the Board of Industrial Insurance Appeals.” Id. Although Mr. Birrueta initially protested the order, he eventually dismissed his appeal.

¶7 After a number of time-loss payments to Mr. Birrueta, the department found him to be totally and permanently disabled in January 2011 and ordered him placed on a pension. In that connection, he completed a pension benefits questionnaire that asked among other matters about his marital status at the time of injury. He answered that he had been single.

¶8 In light of this corrected information, the department issued an order assessing an overpayment of $100.86 for time-loss benefits paid between the time it received the pension questionnaire and the day before Mr. Birrueta was placed on pension, treating the time-loss benefits as having been overpaid due to an innocent misrepresentation as to marital status. In June 2011, the department issued an order changing Mr. Birrueta’s marital status for compensation purposes from married to single, effective as of the time it received the pension questionnaire, again because of the innocent misrepresentation.

¶9 Mr. Birrueta appealed both orders to the Board of Industrial Insurance Appeals, arguing that the department [836]*836lacked authority to assess an overpayment and to change his marital status because its September 2008 wage order was final and binding. An industrial appeals judge granted a department motion for summary judgment and affirmed both orders. Mr. Birrueta’s petition for review was denied by the board, which adopted the industrial appeal judge’s proposed decision as its final decision and order.

¶10 Mr. Birrueta appealed to the Franklin County Superior Court. Following trial, the court ruled that (1) RCW 51.32.240 does not authorize the department to assess payments that are made pursuant to final adjudications as asserted overpayments and (2) the wage rate order establishing Mr. Birrueta’s marital status was final. In its findings of fact and conclusions of law, the court adopted several of the board’s findings but reversed its decision, concluding that the department lacked authority to issue the assessment and marital status change orders. The department appeals.

ANALYSIS

Plain Language Analysis

¶11 RCW 51.32.240 provides in part that

[w]henever any payment of benefits under this title is made because of clerical error, mistake of identity, innocent misrepresentation by or on behalf of the recipient thereof mistakenly acted upon, or any other circumstance of a similar nature, all not induced by willful misrepresentation, the recipient thereof shall repay it.

RCW 51.32.240(l)(a). Under this “innocent error provision” (a term we sometimes use as shorthand in referring to subsection (l)(a) hereafter), the department is allowed to recoup the overpayment from future payments.

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Alonso Veliz v. Department of Labor & Industries
Court of Appeals of Washington, 2017
Birrueta v. Department of Labor & Industries
379 P.3d 120 (Washington Supreme Court, 2016)
Michael L. Sims v. Dept Of Labor & Industries Of The State Of Washington
195 Wash. App. 273 (Court of Appeals of Washington, 2016)
Birrueta v. Dep't of Labor & Indus.
380 P.3d 411 (Washington Supreme Court, 2016)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
355 P.3d 320, 188 Wash. App. 831, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/birrueta-v-department-of-labor-industries-washctapp-2015.