Birdwell v. Texins Credit Union

843 S.W.2d 246, 1992 Tex. App. LEXIS 3060, 1992 WL 357858
CourtCourt of Appeals of Texas
DecidedDecember 8, 1992
Docket6-92-061-CV
StatusPublished
Cited by22 cases

This text of 843 S.W.2d 246 (Birdwell v. Texins Credit Union) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Birdwell v. Texins Credit Union, 843 S.W.2d 246, 1992 Tex. App. LEXIS 3060, 1992 WL 357858 (Tex. Ct. App. 1992).

Opinion

OPINION

GRANT, Justice.

Judith A. Birdwell appeals from a summary judgment granted to Texins Credit Union in the amount of $13,768.66, plus interest and court costs.

Birdwell contends that the trial court erred in granting summary judgment (1) because the motion for summary judgment was not specific enough to support the relief granted, (2) because the record does not reflect that Birdwell received sufficient notice of the summary judgment hearing, and (3) because the affidavits supporting the motion for summary judgment were insufficient and defective. Birdwell also contends that the judgment should alternatively be reformed to delete the award of attorney’s fees, because Texins failed to prove a demand and refusal to pay on a claim for which attorney’s fees can be awarded.

Birdwell first contends that Texins’ motion for summary judgment was not specific enough to support the relief granted. Texins’ motion is very general; it asks for summary judgment for “all relief demanded in Plaintiff’s Original Petition, on the ground ... that Plaintiff is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law.” It further states that the pleadings and affidavits show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that Birdwell’s answer raises no issue of fact. The motion also states that the pleadings and affidavits show that the cause of action is based on an “Open-End Credit Plan Agreement executed and delivered by Defendant.”

Birdwell correctly points out that the motion itself does not address any amount due, attorney’s fees, interest, or costs of court, nor does it request any of these. Additionally, the motion only presents a ground for summary judgment by reference to the pleadings. In the judgment, however, the trial court awarded Texins $7,487.13 in principal, prejudgment interest of $2,495.71, and ordered Birdwell to pay postjudgment interest at ten percent annual percentage rate and all costs of court. Birdwell complains that the motion was not specific enough to support the relief granted.

Rule 166a(c) of the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure requires, in part, that: “The motion for summary judgment shall state the specific grounds therefor.” In Life Ins. Co. of North America v. Klingler, 730 S.W.2d 32, 35 (Tex.App. — Corpus Christi 1987, writ ref’d n.r.e.), the court said that a general mention of the Insur- *248 anee Code was not enough and that the motion should point to a specific section. In Moody v. Temple National Bank, 545 S.W.2d 289, 290 (Tex.Civ.App.—Austin 1977, no writ), the court stated that, when a motion for summary judgment merely states that there is no genuine issue of material fact and that the pleadings and interrogatories show this, the motion should be overruled because it does not state a specific ground for relief. Texins’ motion is very similar to the one the court examined in Moody and, as such, it is not sufficient under Rule 166a(c), unless it falls under the one exception in which a motion so worded has been deemed acceptable, i.e. unless it is a suit on account.

When a suit meets the requirements of Rule 185 of the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure for a suit on account and the defendant’s answer does not meet the requirements in that rule, the plaintiff’s motion for summary judgment need only state that the defendant’s answer does not raise any issue of material fact. Bado Equipment Co. v. Ryder Truck Lines, 612 S.W.2d 81, 83 (Tex.Civ.App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 1981, writ ref’d n.r.e.); Wilson v. Browning Arms Co., 501 S.W.2d 705 (Tex.Civ.App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 1973, writ ref'd).

In the present case, the “Open-End Credit Plan Agreement” could be the basis of a suit on account if Texins had properly presented its pleadings. There is no evidence in the record, however, that Texins satisfied this burden. Rule 185 requires that in order to pursue a cause of action as a suit on account, the plaintiff must support his pleading with “the affidavit of the party, his agent or attorney taken before some officer authorized to administer oaths, to the effect that such claim is, within the knowledge of affiant, just and true, that it is due, and that all just and lawful offsets, payments and credits have been allowed.” If the petition is so supported, it acts as prima facie proof of the truth of its allegations, and the defendant may only avoid summary judgment if his or her denial is written, under oath, and more than just a general denial.

Here, although Birdwell’s answer is best described as a general denial and was not given under oath, her failure to file a sworn denial is irrelevant because Texins itself failed to satisfy Rule 185. Texins’ pleading alleges the creation of the credit agreement, the usage of the line of credit, a demand for payment, and a refusal on the part of Birdwell to make payment. The only attachments to the pleading were the documents containing the agreement and an “Open-End Loan Advance Request Voucher and Security Agreement,” indicating a present balance as of April 30, 1987, requesting a new loan, and signed by Bird-well. Neither of these documents are sworn to or notarized, nor would they fulfill the conditions of Rule 185 even if they were.

Attached to Texins’ motion for summary judgment are documents which would have fulfilled the requirements of Rule 185 if they had been attached to the petition rather than to the motion. The attachments to Texins’ motion cannot be deemed to fulfill retroactively the requirements of Rule 185 without unfairness to Birdwell. The difference is clear: In order for a general motion, such as in this case, to be sufficient, the defendant must have failed to follow the dictates of Rule 185. However, where the plaintiff fails to satisfy Rule 185, the defendant has no obligation to do so. While we can conclude that Texins Credit Union was not entitled to a summary judgment based upon the status of the pleadings, we must also determine if Birdwell is entitled to a summary judgment based upon the motion itself.

Texins’ motion for summary judgment was not in proper form and did not comply with Rule 166a. The motion relies primarily on the plaintiff’s original petition to show the ground of the relief sought. A defect consisting of the fact that the motion for summary judgment failed to specify grounds for such judgment is a defect of form which is waived by the failure to except to such defect prior to the rendition of the judgment. Westchester Fire Ins. Co. v. Alvarez, 576 S.W.2d 771 (Tex.1978); see also Roberts v. Southwest Texas Meth *249 odist Hospital, 811 S.W.2d 141 (Tex.App.— San Antonio 1991, writ denied); Jones v. McSpedden, 560 S.W.2d 177 (Tex.Civ.App.—Dallas 1977, no writ).

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Jamie Arizola v. Cristina Gabriela Rodriguez
Court of Appeals of Texas, 2026
CST Permian, Inc. v. SW Fluids, LLC
Court of Appeals of Texas, 2024
Quality Infusion Care, Inc. v. Health Care Service Corp.
224 S.W.3d 369 (Court of Appeals of Texas, 2006)
Winn v. Martin Homebuilders, Inc.
153 S.W.3d 553 (Court of Appeals of Texas, 2004)
Magnuson v. Mullen
65 S.W.3d 815 (Court of Appeals of Texas, 2002)
Clemons v. Denson
981 S.W.2d 941 (Court of Appeals of Texas, 1999)
LeNotre v. Cohen
979 S.W.2d 723 (Court of Appeals of Texas, 1998)
KC Roofing Co., Inc. v. Abundis
940 S.W.2d 375 (Court of Appeals of Texas, 1997)
Orion Enterprises, Inc. v. Pope
927 S.W.2d 654 (Court of Appeals of Texas, 1996)
Courtney v. Gelber
905 S.W.2d 33 (Court of Appeals of Texas, 1995)
Havens v. Ayers
886 S.W.2d 506 (Court of Appeals of Texas, 1994)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
843 S.W.2d 246, 1992 Tex. App. LEXIS 3060, 1992 WL 357858, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/birdwell-v-texins-credit-union-texapp-1992.