Billings v. State

725 S.W.2d 757, 1987 Tex. App. LEXIS 7107
CourtCourt of Appeals of Texas
DecidedJanuary 22, 1987
DocketA14-84-861 CR, C14-85-045 CR and A14-85-046 CR
StatusPublished
Cited by12 cases

This text of 725 S.W.2d 757 (Billings v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Billings v. State, 725 S.W.2d 757, 1987 Tex. App. LEXIS 7107 (Tex. Ct. App. 1987).

Opinions

OPINION

ROBERTSON, Justice.

The indictment contained three “counts” alleging, theft, misapplication of fiduciary property and official misconduct. As authorized by the court’s charge, the jury found appellant guilty under each “count” and assessed punishment at confinement for sixteen years under counts one and two and eight years under count three. All three counts were consolidated into one judgment in the trial court, but each was filed under a separate cause number in this court. The causes are consolidated for disposition. Of appellant’s twenty-one points of error presented for review, eleven complain of alleged error concerning counts two and three which, for reasons stated later, we find unnecessary to discuss. The remaining ten points of error attack: (1) the indictment, (2) the failure of the court to grant his motion to sever, (3) the imposition of sentence for each offense, (4) the sufficiency of the evidence to prove ownership of the funds and (5) the admissibility of evidence. As reformed, the judgment of the trial court is affirmed.

Appellant was executive director of the Gulf Coast Regional Mental Health-Mental Retardation Center (center), a state agency intended to aid persons suffering from retardation and mental illness. A non-profit corporation, Gulf Coast Human Services, Inc. (corporation), was set up for the purpose of generating funds for the center. Appellant was also chief executive officer of the corporation. In addition, appellant was involved in numerous private enterprises including ownership in a building, the Mensing Building, a travel agency, World Wide People Movers, Inc., and a day care center, Playeare Inc.

In March 1980 appellant caused to be issued, without authority of the corporation’s board of directors, a check on the account of the corporation for $21,000. This check was payable to, and deposited in, the Mensing Brothers Building Partnership (partnership) account. Appellant wrote checks on that account to pay the debts of the partnership. The evidence also shows that over a period of time approximately $452,000 was transferred from the center to the corporation; that almost $275,000 was transferred from the corporation to Worldwide People Movers; and that substantial funds from the partnership account went to appellant’s personal benefit.

We are met at the outset with a claim by the state that this court is without jurisdiction to consider this appeal because notice of appeal was not properly given. Appellant gave notice of appeal on November 21, 1984. On December 10, 1984, he filed a motion for new trial which was overruled on January 30, 1985. The state claims that since no notice of appeal was given following the order overruling the motion for new trial, this court has no jurisdiction. We do not agree. The procedure followed by appellant has been held to constitute effective notice of appeal. Pan[760]*760elli v. State, 709 S.W.2d 655 (Tex.Crim.App.1986); Mayfield v. State, 627 S.W.2d 474, 474 (Tex.App.—Corpus Christi 1981, no pet). The state’s challenge to our jurisdiction is overruled.

In his third point of error appellant contends the trial court erred in imposing sentence with respect to more than one count arising out of the same transaction. We agree. Appellant correctly points out that it is clear that the offenses alleged in “Count I”, “Count II” and “Count III” of the indictment concern only one transaction because each count contains a photocopy of the same $21,000 check. The indictment should not have alleged the offenses in multiple “counts;” rather it should have been in multiple “paragraphs. See Romine v. State, 722 S.W.2d 494 (Tex.App.—Houston [14th Dist.], 1986). Likewise, the trial court should not have authorized the jury to find appellant guilty of all three offenses. Connally v. State, 696 S.W.2d 432 (Tex.App.— Houston [14th Dist.] 1985, pet. ref’d). However, this error does not mandate a reversal of the conviction.

The court of criminal appeals was faced with almost identical facts in Ex Parte Siller, 686 S.W.2d 617 (Tex.Crim.App.1985). There, the accused had been convicted of two offenses arising out of the same transaction. Like this case, each offense was alleged in a separate count of the same indictment. The court held it was improper to secure the multiple convictions, but the relief granted was to void the second conviction. Appellant is entitled to similar relief. Count I alleged theft and both the jury verdict and the judgment indicate appellant was first found guilty of that offense. Therefore, the judgment in State v. Billings, No. 39,109 (Dist.Ct. of Galveston County, 122nd Judicial Dist. of Texas, Nov. 29, 1984), is reformed to read that appellant is “guilty of the felony offense of theft (second degree)” only, and the convictions for the offenses of misapplication of fiduciary property and official misconduct are vacated and set aside. This holding makes it unnecessary to address appellant’s points of error four, five, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen and twenty-one which allege various errors under Count II and/or III.

In his first point of error appellant contends the court erred in not granting his motion to set aside the indictment. He argues the court did not have jurisdiction over the offenses of theft and official misconduct (Count I and III) because misapplication of fiduciary property (Count II) is a special statute which controls over the general statute defining theft and official misconduct. We do not agree.

The court of criminal appeals has reversed convictions under general statutes when the prohibited conduct was covered by a more special statute. See Jones v. State, 552 S.W.2d 836 (Tex.Crim.App.1977); Ex Parte Pribble, 548 S.W.2d 54 (Tex.Crim.App.1977); Ex Parte Harrell, 542 S.W.2d 169 (Tex.Crim.App.1976). However, each of those cases involved a conviction under a general statute which provided for a felony punishment, while a special statute provided for a misdemeanor offense. The rule is that the more special statute controls when sections of the penal code cannot be harmonized. An offender should not be made to bear a harsher penalty when the same conduct would otherwise carry a lesser punishment. Boyette v. State, 632 S.W.2d 915, 919 (Tex.App.— Houston [14th Dist.] 1982, pet. ref’d). The instant situation lacks this general-felony, special-misdemeanor dichotomy common in the cases cited above. Both the general statute, theft, and the special statute, misapplication of fiduciary property, are graded equally depending upon the value of the property misappropriated. Therefore, prosecution under either statute subjects the offender to the same range of punishment. If any error existed in the prosecution and conviction of appellant under the general theft statute, it was harmless and does not warrant a reversal. Boyette v. State, 632 S.W.2d at 920.

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Billings v. State
725 S.W.2d 757 (Court of Appeals of Texas, 1987)

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Bluebook (online)
725 S.W.2d 757, 1987 Tex. App. LEXIS 7107, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/billings-v-state-texapp-1987.