Berry v. American Family Mutual Insurance

995 S.W.2d 16, 1999 Mo. App. LEXIS 893, 1999 WL 434884
CourtMissouri Court of Appeals
DecidedJune 30, 1999
DocketNo. WD 55206
StatusPublished
Cited by5 cases

This text of 995 S.W.2d 16 (Berry v. American Family Mutual Insurance) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Missouri Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Berry v. American Family Mutual Insurance, 995 S.W.2d 16, 1999 Mo. App. LEXIS 893, 1999 WL 434884 (Mo. Ct. App. 1999).

Opinion

PER CURIAM.

James Berry, while riding his bicycle, was struck by an automobile and injured. The automobile was a Pizza Hut delivery vehicle owned by the father of the driver, Natalie Duell. James Berry’s parents, Frank and Ruth Berry,- eventually sued American Family under the uninsured motorist coverage of their auto policy, claiming that neither the driver nor Pizza Hut had coverage for the' accident. The trial judge granted partial summary judgment to the Berrys on the -issue of uninsured motorist coverage. The case was tried to a jury, which awarded the Berrys $12,-000.00 in damages on their claim under the uninsured motorist coverage under their American Family policy, $1.00 on their claim against American Family for vexatious refusal to pay, and $10,000.00 in attorney’s fees. The judge refused to allow [17]*17the Berrys to submit a first-party claim against American Family for “bad faith” in its refusal to pay them under their uninsured motorist coverage.

The Berrys appeal from the trial court’s judgment ruling as a matter of law that they could not maintain an action for “bad faith.” American Family cross-appeals from judgment in favor of the Berrys on the issue of coverage under the uninsured motorist provisions of its policy, claiming that the vehicle involved was not uninsured because it was covered by a policy Pizza Hut maintained with Kemper Insurance Company. Further, American Family appeals the trial court’s denial of its motions for directed verdict and JNOV and/or new trial on the Berrys’ claim for vexatious refusal and in allowing this claim to be submitted to the jury. Finally, the Berrys moved this court for additional attorney’s fees on appeal under § 375.296 and § 375.420.1

Because we find that it is undisputed that Pizza Hut’s insurer, Kemper National Insurance Companies (“Kemper”), paid the Berrys $6,000 in settlement of their liability claim under Pizza Hut’s policy, and because under Missouri law an insured is not entitled to recover under the insured’s uninsured motorist coverage where, as here, the insured has settled a liability claim asserting coverage under another insurer’s policy for the same accident, we reverse and remand with directions to enter judgment in favor of American Family on all claims.

I. FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND

On October 10, 1994, James Berry was involved in an automobile accident while riding his bicycle near his home in Kansas City, Missouri. James’ bicycle was struck by an automobile driven by a Pizza Hut delivery driver named Natalie Duell. James sustained injuries from this accident, which resulted in approximately $17,-000 in damages.

Ms. Duell’s automobile was owned by her father, Clarence Duell. Clarence Duell had previously purchased insurance for his automobile, but that insurance had lapsed before October 10, 1994. Neither Natalie Duell nor Clarence Duell had purchased any other valid or collectible automobile insurance. However, Ms. Duell was acting in the scope of her employment with Pizza Hut. Pizza Hut carried liability insurance through Kemper. Frank Berry had a valid automobile policy through American Family, which contained uninsured motorist coverage. The Berrys made claims against the Duells, Pizza Hut, and American Family.

Kemper and American Family communicated with each other about the claim. Kemper’s claims officer sent American Family a number of letters in which she confirmed that, because Ms. Duell and her family had no insurance on their vehicle, Kemper’s policy would provide coverage. However, Kemper also apparently did not offer to pay the Berrys the full amount of their claim, although Kemper’s coverage was far in excess of the Berrys’ claim. Instead, Kemper offered to mediate the Berrys’ claims against the parties, and invited American Family to attend the mediation.

Rather than attend the mediation, on October 24, 1995, American Family denied the Berrys’ uninsured motorist claim on the basis that the vehicle was covered by Pizza Hut’s liability policy with Kemper. On October 31, 1995, the Berrys and Pizza Hut reached a settlement. Kemper paid the Berrys $6,000.00. In exchange, the Berrys released Kemper, Pizza Hut and Natalie Duell from any further responsibility. The release was written in very broad terms, releasing all claims against those released, whether known or unknown. It did, however, specifically provide that the Berrys retained the right to sue their own insurer, American Family, under their uninsured motorist coverage.

[18]*18The Berrys filed suit against American Family for recovery of uninsured motorist benefits, vexatious refusal to settle, and bad faith, and requested attorney’s fees. American Family filed an answer and a motion for summary judgment, arguing that its uninsured motorist coverage does not apply because Ms. Duell’s vehicle was insured by Kemper. The Berrys filed a cross-motion for summary judgment seeking a declaration stating that American Family’s policy provided coverage for the accident under its uninsured motorist provisions.

On September 5, 1996, the trial court granted partial summary judgment in favor of the Berrys, declaring that the Ber-rys had insurance coverage under the uninsured motorist provision in their American Family policy. The trial court also granted American Family’s summary judgment motion as to the Berrys’ bad faith claim. The trial court left for trial the issues of damages, vexatious refusal and attorney’s fees.

A trial was held, and on September 10, 1997, the jury returned a verdict awarding the Berrys $12,000.00 actual damages (to be reduced by James Berry’s comparative fault of 10%); $1.00 in vexatious refusal penalties; and $10,000.00 in attorney’s fees. On September 24, 1997, the court sustained American Family’s post-trial motion for credit and reduced the actual damage portion of the judgment by $6,000.00 as an offset for the Berrys’ settlement with Pizza Hut.

II. THE INSURED CANNOT SETTLE A LIABILITY CLAIM PREMISED ON COVERAGE BY THE TORT-FEASOR’S INSURER AND THEN RECOVER AGAINST THE UNINSURED MOTORIST CARRIER ON THE PREMISE THAT THERE WAS NO APPLICABLE LIABILITY INSURANCE

Because we find American Family’s cross-appeal to be dispositive, we address it first.

American Family argues that the trial court erred in granting the Berrys a partial summary judgment on the issue whether American Family’s policy had applicable insurance coverage under its uninsured motorist provisions for the accident, and erred in submitting this claim to the jury and in refusing to grant it judgment JNOV on the Berrys’ claims. American Family maintains that Ms. Duell’s vehicle was not uninsured, in that Pizza Hut provided liability insurance for its drivers, including Ms. Duell, under its policy with Kemper.

Our standard of review of a summary .judgment is essentially de novo. Lawrence v. Bainbridge Apartments, 957 S.W.2d 400, 403 (Mo.App.1997), citing, ITT Commercial Fin. Corp., v. Mid-America Marine Supply Corp., 854 S.W.2d 371, 376 (Mo. banc 1993). We review, the record in the light most favorable to the party against whom judgment was entered and grant the non-moving party the benefit of all reasonable inferences from the record. Id.

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995 S.W.2d 16, 1999 Mo. App. LEXIS 893, 1999 WL 434884, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/berry-v-american-family-mutual-insurance-moctapp-1999.