Bauta v. State

698 So. 2d 860, 1997 WL 194122
CourtDistrict Court of Appeal of Florida
DecidedSeptember 17, 1997
Docket95-387
StatusPublished
Cited by21 cases

This text of 698 So. 2d 860 (Bauta v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court of Appeal of Florida primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Bauta v. State, 698 So. 2d 860, 1997 WL 194122 (Fla. Ct. App. 1997).

Opinion

698 So.2d 860 (1997)

Miguel BAUTA, Appellant,
v.
The STATE of Florida, Appellee.

No. 95-387.

District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.

April 23, 1997.
As Amended on Denial of Rehearing and Grant of Certification September 17, 1997.

*861 Bennett H. Brummer, Public Defender, and J. Rafael Rodriguez, Special Assistant Public Defender, for appellant.

Robert A. Butterworth, Attorney General, and Douglas J. Glaid, Assistant Attorney General, for appellee.

Before JORGENSON, COPE and GERSTEN, JJ.

COPE, Judge.

Miguel Bauta appeals his convictions for capital sexual battery in violation of subsection 794.011(2), Florida Statutes (1991), and lewd, lascivious, or indecent assault in violation of section 800.04, Florida Statutes (1991). We affirm.

First, defendant argues that the trial court should have dismissed the jury panel and restarted jury selection with a new panel after an emotional outburst by a prospective juror.

The trial court conducted the initial segment of voir dire. Because this was a sexual battery case, the court asked whether any of the jurors had been the victim of sexual abuse, or had a relative, friend or acquaintance who had been such a victim. The court explained in substance that if the answer was yes, any follow-up questions would be asked privately with only the judge and attorneys present.

Juror L. misunderstood the court's instruction. When the court began questioning individual prospective jurors in open court, Ms. L. answered the court's questions about employment, marital status, and prior jury service. She then went on to state that she had been a victim of incest, sexual molestation, and rape, and that she would not be able to give the defendant a fair trial. She then broke down crying and was comforted by the juror sitting next to her, juror Popejoy. The court called a recess and excused juror L. from further jury service.

Defendant moved to discharge the jury panel, arguing that the entire panel had been tainted by juror L.'s emotional outburst. The court decided instead to conduct a voir dire examination of the remaining jury panel members. The court instructed the prospective jurors that Ms. L.'s personal experience was totally unconnected with this case, and that the defendant had no responsibility or connection with juror L.'s past experiences. The court then asked the prospective jurors in several ways whether their objectivity had been decreased by the episode with juror L. The only juror specifically responding was juror Popejoy. The court concluded that discharge of the entire jury panel was not necessary, and proceeded with jury selection.[1]

"The decision whether to dismiss any or all jurors lies in the sound discretion *862 of the trial judge." United States v. Jones, 696 F.2d 479, 492 (7th Cir.1982). "It is within the discretion of the trial court to determine whether remarks made by veniremen during the examination of the panel are prejudicial; and the trial court's decision not to quash the panel will not be disturbed absent an abuse of that discretion." State v. Davis, 806 S.W.2d 441, 443 (Mo.Ct.App.1991). We conclude that there was no abuse of discretion in the trial court's decision to conduct a voir dire of the jury panel on the issue of possible taint, and based on the response, to deny the defendant's motion to discharge the panel. See Stevens v. State, 251 So.2d 565, 567 (Fla. 1st DCA 1971); see also Watson v. State, 651 So.2d 1159, 1162-63 (Fla.1994), cert. denied,___U.S.___, 116 S.Ct. 151, 133 L.Ed.2d 96 (1995); Randolph v. State, 562 So.2d 331, 337 (Fla.1990). See generally 47 Am.Jur.2d Jury §§ 247-48, 251, 253 (1995).

Second, defendant contends that the trial court erred in denying defendant's peremptory challenge of a particular juror. Because this objection was not renewed at the conclusion of jury selection, it is not preserved for appellate review. See Mitchell v. State, 620 So.2d 1008, 1009 (Fla.1993); Joiner v. State, 618 So.2d 174, 176 (Fla.1993). Assuming the point had been properly preserved for appellate review, the state's Neil[2]-based objection was sufficient. Melbourne v. State, 679 So.2d 759, 764 & n. 2 (Fla.1996).

Third, defendant asserts that the trial court erred by admitting into evidence the child's statements to her mother and the Rape Treatment Center physician under the child hearsay exception.[3]See § 90.803(23), Fla. Stat. (1991). The trial court issued a lengthy written order in which the court excluded two other child hearsay statements. An examination of the written order reveals that the trial court applied the correct legal standards. We see no abuse of discretion in the court's rulings.

Fourth, defendant contends that the trial court erred by refusing to instruct the jury on the offense of lewd and lascivious assault as a lesser-included offense of sexual battery. In State v. Hightower, 509 So.2d 1078 (Fla.1987), the Florida Supreme Court held that the crime of sexual battery and the crime of lewd, lascivious, or indecent assault or act are mutually exclusive. Id. at 1079. Presumably for that reason, section 800.04 is not listed as a lesser included offense of the crime of sexual battery in the Schedule of Lesser Included Offenses in the Florida Standard Jury Instructions in Criminal Cases. There was no error in the court's refusal of the requested jury instruction. On this issue we certify direct conflict with Ready v. State, 636 So.2d 67, 68 (Fla.2d DCA 1994).

Fifth, defendant argues that the trial court erred by sustaining the state's objections to certain cross-examination questions defendant put to the lead detective who conducted the investigation in this case. Defendant attempted to ask the detective whether he had investigated the victim's 18-year-old brother. The defendant apparently desired to insinuate to the jury that the brother could be the source of the digital penetration which was testified to by the child victim, I.A., physical evidence of which was described by the Rape Treatment Center physician.

The charge against the defendant in this case came about because the victim, I.A., told her mother in substance that defendant, who was the next-door neighbor, had sexually abused her. The child repeated this information to the police and the Rape Treatment Center physician, and so testified at trial. The case boiled down to whether the jury believed the testimony of the victim, whose credibility was attacked by the defense. There was no evidence or factual basis suggesting any inappropriate, much less criminal, conduct by the victim's brother. There was no reasonable basis for the defendant to suggest that the police should have launched an investigation of the brother when the police had been called to investigate the child's charge that she had been sexually *863 abused by the defendant, who the child knew and specifically identified.

At trial defendant asked the lead detective whether he ran a records check on the brother; whether the brother was a subject of the investigation; and whether the detective knew anything about the brother. The State's objections were properly sustained. Under the circumstances, these questions were irrelevant and potentially seriously misleading for the jury. See § 90.403, Fla. Stat. (1991); State v.

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Bluebook (online)
698 So. 2d 860, 1997 WL 194122, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/bauta-v-state-fladistctapp-1997.