Batista Zabala v. United States

962 F. Supp. 244, 1997 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 5567, 1997 WL 202029
CourtDistrict Court, D. Puerto Rico
DecidedMarch 7, 1997
DocketCivil Action No. 96-1283(RLA); No. Cr. 86-294(RLA)
StatusPublished

This text of 962 F. Supp. 244 (Batista Zabala v. United States) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, D. Puerto Rico primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Batista Zabala v. United States, 962 F. Supp. 244, 1997 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 5567, 1997 WL 202029 (prd 1997).

Opinion

ORDER IN THE MATTER OF COUNSEL’S ALLEGED FAILURE TO FILE APPEAL

ACOSTA, District Judge.

The Court has before it petitioner’s pro se motion to vacate, set aside or correct sentence pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2255 claiming he received ineffective assistance of counsel due to his court-appointed attorney’s failure to appeal his sentence of conviction.

BACKGROUND

Petitioner pled guilty on April 23, 1987, to counts Four, Five and Six of the Superseding Indictment in Crim. No. 86-294(RLA), charging him and three eodefendants with forcibly assaulting with dangerous weapons several agents of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) on April 29, 1986, in violation of 18 U.S.C. §§ 111 and 1114.

Sentencing took place on July 8, 1987. A few days prior to the sentencing hearing, BATISTA ZABALA forwarded to the Court a pro se motion1 to withdraw his plea of guilty and requesting appointment of a new attorney, alleging that he had been wrongfully induced by defense counsel to plead guilty with the expectation that he would receive concurrent sentences.2

At the sentencing hearing, after questioning BATISTA ZABALA and determining that petitioner had “voluntarily and without hesitation responded [to the Court’s questions during the plea colloquy] regarding the consequences of [his] plea of guilty and [his] [246]*246understanding of the proceedings”3, the Court denied petitioner’s motion for withdrawal of his plea and for appointment of new counsel and proceeded to sentence petitioner BATISTA ZABALA to ten-year consecutive terms of imprisonment for each of counts Four, Five and Six.

DELAY IN FILING

This 28 U.S.C. § 2255 petition filed approximately nine years after BATISTA ZA-BALA’s conviction raises the presumption that petitioner failed to act diligently in filing his claim for relief, making it assailable under Rule 9(a) of the Rules Governing Section 2255 Cases, which states as follows:

A motion for relief made pursuant to these rules may be dismissed if it appears that the government has been prejudiced in its ability to respond to the motion by delay in its filing unless the movant shows that it is based on grounds of which he could not have had knowledge by the exercise of reasonable diligence before the circumstances prejudicial to the government occurred.

Prejudice to the Government

The Government avers that this petition, having been filed almost nine years after BATISTA ZABALA’s sentence, weighs heavily against petitioner because no mention of his counsel’s failure to appeal was made by petitioner during all the previous years. It further argues that the petition can be dismissed without a factual determination as to petitioner’s ineffective assistance of counsel claims, because “no deprivation of rights appears on the record”.

We are cognizant that BATISTA ZABA-LA’s filing of the Section 2255 motion is indeed tardy. Although 28 U.S.C. § 2255 allows a petitioner to seek relief “at any time”, precluding any strict limitations period, Rule 9(a) permits the application of the equitable doctrine of laches. See Advisory Committee Note to Rule 9, 28 U.S.C. foil. § 2255. (“Subdivision (a) provides a flexible, equitable time limitation based on laches to prevent movants from withholding their claims both in meeting the allegations of the motion and in any possible retrial.”); see also, United States v. Gutierrez, 839 F.2d 648, 650 (10th Cir.1988). But see, Heflin v. United States, 358 U.S. 415, 420, 79 S.Ct. 451, 454, 3 L.Ed.2d 407 (1959) (Stewart J., concurring) ([A]s in habeas corpus, [under § 2255] there is no statute of limitations, no res judicata and ... the doctrine of laches is inapplicable.”) and United States v. Bostic, 206 F.Supp. 855 (D.C.D.C.1962) (insofar as “neither the statute of limitations nor laches can bar the assertion of a constitutional right, ... the passage of time may [nonetheless] make it impracticable to retry a case if the motion is granted and a new trial is ordered.”)

Notwithstanding the above, “prejudice to the government’s ability to retry the case is not a consideration when ruling upon [the delay in filing] a § 2255 motion”, United States v. Nahodil, 36 F.3d 323 (3rd Cir.1994), because “prejudice”, under Rule 9(a) of the Rules Governing § 2254 Proceedings, refers to prejudice in responding to the petition, not to prejudice in retrying the defendant. Vasquez v. Hillery, 474 U.S. 254, 264-265, 106 S.Ct. 617, 624, 88 L.Ed.2d 598 (1986).

Since a § 2255 motion is the federal equivalent of a state habeas petition filed pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2254, the Supreme Court’s decision in Vasquez regarding the suitable inquiry as to prejudice to the government has been applied to both federal and state habeas petitions. Nahodil, 36 F.3d at 327.

Having carefully reviewed BATISTA ZABALA’s petition and the government’s response the Court finds that the government failed to establish that it has been prejudiced in its ability to respond to the motion. Accordingly, petitioner’s claim for relief, although belated, shall be duly considered by the Court.

INEFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL CLAIM

BATISTA ZABALA claims his court-appointed attorney failed to file a notice of [247]*247appeal from his conviction despite his request.

The law governing a federal criminal defendant’s right to appeal his conviction and sentence is well settled in this Circuit. A person deprived of the right to direct appeal in a criminal case “through the dereliction of his counsel” must have a new appeal regardless of whether he can demonstrate the existence of any viable appellate issue. Bonneau v. United States, 961 F.2d 17, 23 (1st Cir.1992) (citing Rodriquez v. United States, 395 U.S. 327, 330, 89 S.Ct. 1715, 1717, 23 L.Ed.2d 340, 344 (1969)).

Indeed, more than twenty-five years ago, the Court of Appeals for the First Circuit recognized that “the failure of court-appointed counsel to prosecute an appeal — -in the absence of waiver by the defendant or compliance with Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738, 744 87 S.Ct.

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Related

Heflin v. United States
358 U.S. 415 (Supreme Court, 1959)
Coppedge v. United States
369 U.S. 438 (Supreme Court, 1962)
Anders v. California
386 U.S. 738 (Supreme Court, 1967)
Rodriquez v. United States
395 U.S. 327 (Supreme Court, 1969)
Evitts v. Lucey
469 U.S. 387 (Supreme Court, 1985)
Vasquez v. Hillery
474 U.S. 254 (Supreme Court, 1986)
Stillman E. Wilbur, Jr., Applicant v. State of Maine
421 F.2d 1327 (First Circuit, 1970)
United States v. Toby Joe Gutierrez
839 F.2d 648 (Tenth Circuit, 1988)
United States v. Ronald A. Davis
929 F.2d 554 (Tenth Circuit, 1991)
Dennis Bonneau v. United States
961 F.2d 17 (First Circuit, 1992)
United States v. Homer McKinley Peak
992 F.2d 39 (Fourth Circuit, 1993)
United States v. David L. Nahodil
36 F.3d 323 (Third Circuit, 1994)
United States v. Bostic
206 F. Supp. 855 (District of Columbia, 1962)

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Bluebook (online)
962 F. Supp. 244, 1997 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 5567, 1997 WL 202029, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/batista-zabala-v-united-states-prd-1997.