Barbee v. Berryhill
This text of 339 F. Supp. 3d 1262 (Barbee v. Berryhill) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, N.D. Alabama primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.
Opinion
VIRGINIA EMERSON HOPKINS, Senior United States District Judge
Before the Court is Plaintiff Angela T. Barbee's Motion for Award of Attorney's Fees and Costs (doc. 22) (the "Motion") pursuant to the Equal Access to Justice Act ("EAJA"),
*1265I. PROCEDURAL HISTORY
Plaintiff initiated this action on January 30, 2015, seeking a review of a final adverse decision of the Commissioner, who denied her application for disability insurance benefits. (Doc. 1 at 1-2). On June 2, 2015, the Commissioner filed an unopposed Motion for Remand (doc. 7) pursuant to sentence six of
After proceedings at the administrative level, Plaintiff filed a Motion To Reopen Case for Further Review (doc. 9) on September 6, 2017. The Court granted the Motion To Reopen Case for Further Review on November 1, 2017. (Doc. 10). The Commission then filed its Answer (doc. 11) on November 27, 2017. Briefing was completed on March 23, 2018. (Docs. 16, 17, 18). On July 24, 2018, the Court issued its Memorandum Opinion (doc. 19) and Final Order (doc. 20) affirming in part and reversing in part the decision of the Commissioner and remanding the case pursuant to sentence four of
Finally, on September 6, 2018, Plaintiff filed the Motion (doc. 22), which was then briefed by the parties. (Docs. 23, 24).
II. STANDARD
The EAJA provides in relevant part as follows:
(d)(1)(A) Except as otherwise specifically provided by statute, a court shall award to a prevailing party other than the United States fees and other expenses, in addition to any costs awarded pursuant to subsection (a), incurred by that party in any civil action (other than cases sounding in tort), including proceedings for judicial review of agency action, brought by or against the United States in any court having jurisdiction of that action, unless the court finds that the position of the United States was substantially justified or that special circumstances make an award unjust.
(B) A party seeking an award of fees and other expenses shall, within thirty days of final judgment in the action, submit to the court an application for fees and other expenses ....
*1266A. Attorney's Fees
After determining whether a claimant meets the statutory conditions necessary to receive an award of attorney's fees under the EAJA, the district court must calculate an appropriate award of attorney's fees. The EAJA provides in relevant part as follows:
The amount of fees awarded under this subsection shall be based upon prevailing market rates for the kind and quality of the services furnished, except that ... attorney fees shall not be awarded in excess of $125 per hour unless the court determines that an increase in the cost of living or a special factor, such as the limited availability of qualified attorneys for the proceedings involved, justifies a higher fee.
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VIRGINIA EMERSON HOPKINS, Senior United States District Judge
Before the Court is Plaintiff Angela T. Barbee's Motion for Award of Attorney's Fees and Costs (doc. 22) (the "Motion") pursuant to the Equal Access to Justice Act ("EAJA"),
*1265I. PROCEDURAL HISTORY
Plaintiff initiated this action on January 30, 2015, seeking a review of a final adverse decision of the Commissioner, who denied her application for disability insurance benefits. (Doc. 1 at 1-2). On June 2, 2015, the Commissioner filed an unopposed Motion for Remand (doc. 7) pursuant to sentence six of
After proceedings at the administrative level, Plaintiff filed a Motion To Reopen Case for Further Review (doc. 9) on September 6, 2017. The Court granted the Motion To Reopen Case for Further Review on November 1, 2017. (Doc. 10). The Commission then filed its Answer (doc. 11) on November 27, 2017. Briefing was completed on March 23, 2018. (Docs. 16, 17, 18). On July 24, 2018, the Court issued its Memorandum Opinion (doc. 19) and Final Order (doc. 20) affirming in part and reversing in part the decision of the Commissioner and remanding the case pursuant to sentence four of
Finally, on September 6, 2018, Plaintiff filed the Motion (doc. 22), which was then briefed by the parties. (Docs. 23, 24).
II. STANDARD
The EAJA provides in relevant part as follows:
(d)(1)(A) Except as otherwise specifically provided by statute, a court shall award to a prevailing party other than the United States fees and other expenses, in addition to any costs awarded pursuant to subsection (a), incurred by that party in any civil action (other than cases sounding in tort), including proceedings for judicial review of agency action, brought by or against the United States in any court having jurisdiction of that action, unless the court finds that the position of the United States was substantially justified or that special circumstances make an award unjust.
(B) A party seeking an award of fees and other expenses shall, within thirty days of final judgment in the action, submit to the court an application for fees and other expenses ....
*1266A. Attorney's Fees
After determining whether a claimant meets the statutory conditions necessary to receive an award of attorney's fees under the EAJA, the district court must calculate an appropriate award of attorney's fees. The EAJA provides in relevant part as follows:
The amount of fees awarded under this subsection shall be based upon prevailing market rates for the kind and quality of the services furnished, except that ... attorney fees shall not be awarded in excess of $125 per hour unless the court determines that an increase in the cost of living or a special factor, such as the limited availability of qualified attorneys for the proceedings involved, justifies a higher fee.
For the reasonable hourly rate, the EAJA "establishes a two-step analysis." Meyer v. Sullivan ,
For the reasonable hours expended, "the fee applicant bears the burden of ... documenting the appropriate hours expended." Hensley ,
Finally, after calculating the lodestar, "the court must next consider the necessity of an adjustment for results obtained."
If the result was excellent, then the court should compensate for all hours reasonably expended. If the result was partial or limited success, then the lodestar must be reduced to an amount that is not excessive. In doing so, the court may attempt to identify specific hours spent in unsuccessful claims or it may simply reduce the award by some proportion. A reduction is appropriate if the relief, however significant, is limited in comparison to the scope of the litigation as a whole. Where all theories derive from a common core of operative facts, the focus should be on the significance of overall results as a function of total reasonable hours. It is improper to make the reduction based on a simple ratio of successful issues to issues raised.
B. Other Expenses
The EAJA provides that, in addition to attorney's fees, the "fees and other expenses" that can be awarded include "the reasonable expenses of expert witnesses[ ] [and] the reasonable cost of any study, analysis, engineering report, test, or project which is found by the court to be necessary for the preparation of the party's case."
III. ANALYSIS
In the Motion, "Plaintiff asks for an award of attorney's fees in the amount of $16,799.37 and costs of $625.68 to be paid directly to [P]laintiff's attorney" "pursuant to the [EAJA],
A. Plaintiff Meets the Statutory Conditions and Is Eligible for an Award of Attorney's Fees and Other Expenses
Plaintiff meets all statutory conditions and is thus eligible for an award of attorney's fees and other expenses. Before addressing the three statutory conditions recognized by the Eleventh Circuit, the Court will first address whether, as required by the EAJA, Plaintiff "incurred [the attorney's fees and other expenses] ... in [a] civil action."
Now, the Court will address the three statutory conditions recognized by the Eleventh Circuit. Plaintiff meets all three conditions.
1. Plaintiff timely filed an application for fees within 30 days of final judgment in the action
The first statutory condition is that "the claimant must file an application for fees 'within thirty days of final judgment in the action.' " Myers ,
A "judgment authorized by sentence four, [including a sentence-four] remand, ... become[s] a 'final judgment'-as required by § 2412(d) -upon expiration of the time for appeal." Id. at 297,
Here, the Court entered its Final Order affirming in part and reversing in part the decision of the Commissioner and remanding the case to the Commissioner pursuant to sentence four of
2. Plaintiff is a prevailing party
The second statutory condition is that "the claimant must qualify as a 'prevailing *1269party.' " Myers ,
Under the EAJA, a "party" is defined, inter alia , as "an individual whose net worth did not exceed $2,000,000 at the time the civil action was filed."
Because Plaintiff is a "party," the Court will now address whether Plaintiff qualifies as a "prevailing party." "[A] party who wins a sentence-four remand order is a prevailing party," Schaefer ,
3. The Commissioner has not established that its positions were substantially justified or that there exist any special circumstances which countenance against the awarding of fees
The third statutory condition is that "the government [has not] establish[ed] that its positions were 'substantially justified' or that there exist 'special circumstances' which countenance against the awarding of fees." Myers ,
Here, the Commissioner does not argue that its position was substantially justified. Further, the Commissioner does not argue that there are special circumstances that countenance against awarding fees, and the Court notes that there do not appear to be any such circumstances. Thus, the third statutory condition is met.
Thus, Plaintiff meets all statutory conditions and is eligible to receive an award of attorney's fees and other expenses under the EAJA. Accordingly, the Court will now determine whether the amount of attorney's fees and other expenses that Plaintiff requests is appropriate.
B. The Court Will Award Plaintiff $16,745.34 in Attorney's Fees
Although Plaintiff requests "an award of attorney's fees in the amount of $16,799.37" (doc. 22 at 1), the Court will only award Plaintiff $16,745.34 in attorney's fees.2 The Court arrived at $16,745.34 by using the lodestar method. First, the Court calculated the reasonable hourly rate and reduced Plaintiff's requested hourly rates for 2015 and 2018 so that they would be below the statutory cap. Second, the Court determined the number of reasonable hours expended by Plaintiff's attorney. Although the Commissioner objected to the number of hours for *1270which Plaintiff requested attorney's fees, the Commissioner did not offer "reasonably precise ... proof," Norman ,
1. The Court will award attorney's fees at the following reasonable hourly rates: (1) 2015: $190.28; (2) 2016: $190.84; (3) 2017: $196.78; (4) 2018: $201.34
To calculate the reasonable hourly rate, the Court will begin with the first step recognized in Meyer and "determine the market rate for 'similar services [provided] by lawyers of reasonably comparable skills, experience, and reputation.' " Meyer ,
Because the prevailing market rate is greater than the statutory cap of $125.00, the Court must determine whether it "should adjust the hourly fee upward from $[125.00] to take into account an increase in the cost of living, or a special factor." Meyer ,
*1271Plaintiff requests an award of attorney's fees using the following hourly rates, which (except for the requested hourly rate for 2016) happen to be equal to the adjusted statutory caps that Plaintiff calculated: (1) 2015: $190.87 per hour; (2) 2016: $190.84 per hour;6 (3) 2017: $196.78 per hour; and (4) 2018: $202.31 per hour. (Doc. 22 at 1; doc. 22-3 at 4). The Court will decrease these requested rates so that they are all below the adjusted statutory caps that the Court calculated, which results in the following hourly rates: (1) 2015: $190.28; (2) 2016: $190.84; (3) 2017: $196.78; and (4) 2018: $201.34. Consistent with numerous district court decisions, including decisions from districts courts within the Eleventh Circuit, the Court finds that these hourly rates, which closely resemble the adjusted statutory caps, are reasonable hourly rates; thus, the Court will use these hourly rates to calculate the lodestar. See, e.g. , Ellis v. Berryhill , No. 17-34,
2. The Court finds that Plaintiff's attorney reasonably expended 84.7 hours and thus will award attorney's fees for 84.7 hours of work done by Plaintiff's attorney
Plaintiff requests an award of attorney's fees for a total of 84.7 hours, broken down by year as follows: (1) 2015: 1.8 hours; (2) 2016: 26.8 hours; (3) 2017: 1.5 hours; and (4) 2018: 54.6 hours. (Doc. 22 at 1). Plaintiff has provided an invoice for legal services rendered (doc. 22-2 at 9-11) that was prepared by her attorney and that lists discrete *1272tasks, the number of hours that Plaintiff's attorney spent working on each task, and the total number of 84.7 hours that Plaintiff's attorney spent working on this case. (Id. ) Plaintiff argues that her attorney "expended a reasonable number of total hours [on this] case" because "[a]ll hours spent [on] this case could properly be billed to one's client, and include such tasks as preparing court documents and briefs, reviewing court orders, telephone calls, and correspondence." (Doc. 22-3 at 7) (citing Hensley ,
The Commissioner, however, argues that "the requested number of hours is unreasonable." (Doc. 23 at 2). The Commissioner argues that "Plaintiff bears the burden of showing that the hours requested are reasonable," (id. at 6) (citing Hensley ,
As requested by the Commissioner-and as required by the case law-the Court will determine whether the 84.7 hours were "reasonably expended." See Hensley ,
Here, Plaintiff has met her burden by providing the invoice for legal services that documents the number of hours expended for each task and the total number of 84.7 hours that her attorney spent on this case. (See doc. 22-2 at 9-11). Thus, the 84.7 hours cannot be reduced for failure to *1273meet the burden of documenting them; instead, the decision of whether to reduce these hours is within the discretion of the Court. See Norman ,
a. The Court finds 84.7 hours reasonable because Plaintiff's attorney could conscionably bill her for these hours
First, the Court has reviewed the invoice of legal services (doc. 22-2 at 9-11) and determined that Plaintiff's attorney could conscionably bill Plaintiff for all the hours for which Plaintiff seeks attorney's fees. See Norman ,
b. The Court cannot be reasonably precise in excluding the hours claimed by the Commissioner to be unreasonable or excessive
Second, given the current status of the record, the Court cannot be "reasonably precise in excluding hours [claimed by the Commissioner] to be unreasonable or unnecessary." See
Additionally, the only case that Commissioner cites to support her argument that Plaintiff's requested number of hours is excessive is Huntley v. Commissioner , No. 12-613,
Beyond Huntley , the Commissioner only offers her naked assertions and unsupported reasoning that the hours spent are excessive and unreasonable. Thus, the Commissioner fails to offer "reasonably precise ... proof" as to why the number of hours requested are excessive and unreasonable. See Norman ,
c. The Court rejects the Commissioner's specific arguments as to why the hours spent on certain tasks are excessive and unreasonable
Third, the Court rejects the Commissioner's specific arguments as to why Plaintiff's requested hours are excessive *1275and unreasonable. The Commissioner argues that the "34.5 hours" that Plaintiff's attorney spent on "research, transcript review, preparing the statement of facts, and editing" for Plaintiff's "opening brief" (doc. 16) are excessive and that the "8.9 additional hours [that Plaintiff's attorney spent] researching and drafting a 9-page reply brief" (doc. 18) are excessive. (Doc. 23 at 3-5). The Court will first address the Commissioner's arguments regarding Plaintiff's opening brief. The Court will then address the Commissioner's arguments regarding Plaintiff's reply brief.
Regarding the 34.5 hours spent on the opening brief that the Commissioner argues is excessive, the Commissioner breaks down her argument into certain tasks, and the Court will address these more specific arguments in turn. First, the Commissioner argues that the "1.5 hours" that Plaintiff's attorney spent "researching the credibility issue alone" was excessive because the credibility issue is "an issue in which an attorney with experience representing Social Security claimants would be well versed" and because Plaintiff's attorney "spent only 2.5 hours drafting the credibility argument." (Id. at 4). However, the Court does not find 1.5 hours to be excessive for this research. See Sommerville v. Astrue ,
Second, the Commissioner argues that the "10.3 hours" that Plaintiff's attorney spent "preparing the statement of facts" for the opening brief is excessive because "this Court's scheduling order did not require [that] the brief contain a fact section." (Doc. 23 at 4-5) (citing doc. 12). However, the Court notes that opening briefs by plaintiffs commonly contain a fact section. Indeed, Plaintiff responds to the Commissioner's argument by stating that her attorney "has always included a Statement of the Case and ... Statement of Facts in every brief filed in the appeal of a Social Security disability claim" and that, "[f]or the first time[,] the Commissioner [now] argues that the Statement of Facts is unnecessary." (Doc. 24 at 4).
Third, the Commissioner argues that the "6.9 hours" that Plaintiff's attorney spent "for transcript review ... in the district court matter" and the "7 hours" that Plaintiff's attorney spent "for transcript review at the administrative level" are "duplicative and excessive given the transcript's average length of 855 pages." The Court finds that the hours spent on transcript review at the two levels are not duplicative, especially when, as here, the transcript reviews occurred more than one year apart. (See doc. 22-2 at 10-11). After all, an attorney must be prepared at both the administrative level and the district court level. The Court also finds that 13.9 hours spent reviewing an 855-page transcript is not excessive. See Walsh v. Astrue , No. 11-6033,
Fourth, the Commissioner argues that the 11.3 hours that Plaintiff's attorney "spent editing the opening brief" is excessive and that "approximately half that time, or 5.5 hours, is more than reasonable to edit a brief, particularly given the attorney's assertion that he spent nearly 30 hours meticulously writing it." (Doc. 23 at 5) (citing doc. 22-2 at 10-11). However, the Commissioner's argument is based on false premises. Plaintiff's attorney did not spend nearly 30 hours meticulously writing the opening brief; instead, Plaintiff's attorney spent nearly 30 hours reviewing the transcript, conducting legal research, and drafting the opening brief. (Doc. 22-2 at 10-11). More specifically, of these nearly 30 hours, only 18 hours were spent "[d]rafting" the opening brief. (Id. ) Additionally, Plaintiff's attorney did not spend all 11.3 hours "editing the opening brief". Instead, Plaintiff's attorney actually spent those 11.3 hours "editing" the opening brief and doing a "final review of [the] opening brief." (Id. ) Further, the Commissioner offers no reason why 5.5 hours is a sufficient amount of time to edit a 57-page opening brief-especially one that an attorney has only "[d]rafted" and has not "meticulously writ[ten]." Thus, the Court finds that the 11.3 hours that Plaintiff's attorney spent editing (and doing a final review of) the opening brief is not excessive and is reasonable. Accordingly, the Court will not deduct any hours that Plaintiff's attorney spent working on the opening brief as excessive or unreasonable.
Now, the Court will address the Commissioner's argument that the "8.9 additional hours [that Plaintiff's attorney spent] researching and drafting a 9-page reply brief" are excessive. (Doc. 23 at 5). The Court notes, however, that Plaintiff's *1277attorney actually spent only 8.4 hours researching and drafting the reply brief (2.5 hours conducting further legal research for the reply brief and 5.9 hours drafting the reply brief). (See doc. 22-2 at 11). Still, because 8.4 hours is close to 8.9 hours, the Court will address the Commissioner's three arguments as to why these hours are excessive.9 First, the Commissioner argues that the reply brief "addressed the same substantive issues as the opening brief." (Doc. 23 at 5). The Court notes, however, that this does not necessarily mean that the hours spent on the reply brief were excessive; indeed, reply briefs frequently address the same substantive issues as the opening brief. Second, the Commissioner argues that "portions of the opening brief are cut and pasted or just slightly re-worded in the reply brief." (Id. ) (citing doc. 16 at 30, 33; doc. 18 at 4, 6). The Court, however, has reviewed the pages of the opening brief and the reply brief that the Commissioner cites, and the Court disagrees that "portions of the opening brief are cut and pasted or just slightly re-worded in the reply brief." Even if this were true-which, again, the Court disputes-it is true of at most two pages of a 9-page reply brief, providing an insufficient basis to argue that the 8.9 hours spent were excessive; after all, Plaintiff's attorney might have spent more time on the reply brief if these two pages were not, as the Commissioner argues, "cut and pasted or just slightly re-worded" from what he wrote in the opening brief. Third, the Commissioner argues that the 8.9 hours is "excessive considering the brevity of Plaintiff's reply and the thoroughness of Plaintiff's opening brief, which should translate to greater efficiency with respect to researching and writing a reply." (Id. ) (emphasis added). However, the Eleventh Circuit has stated that a district court "should bear in mind that the measure of reasonable hours is determined by the profession's judgment of the time that may be conscionably billed and not the least time in which it might theoretically have been done." Norman ,
3. The lodestar is $16,745.34, and the Court will not adjust it
After determining the reasonable hourly rate and the reasonable number of hours that Plaintiff's attorney spent working on this case, the Court must calculate the lodestar. The lodestar is $16,745.34, and the Court calculated the lodestar as follows:
Lodestar = the sum of:
2015: $190.28 per hour X 1.8 hours = $342.50
2016: $190.84 per hour X 26.8 hours = $5,114.51
2017: $196.78 per hour X 1.5 hours = $295.17
2018: $201.34 per hour X 54.6 hours = $10,993.16
Lodestar = $342.50 + $5,114.51 + $295.17 + $10,993.16
Lodestar = $16,745.34
After calculating the lodestar, "the court must next consider the necessity of an adjustment for results obtained." Norman ,
*1278Further, although Plaintiff lost on some issues because the Court affirmed in part the decision of the Commissioner (see docs. 19, 20), where, as here, "all theories derive from a common core of operative facts, the focus should be on the significance of overall results as a function of total reasonable hours. It is improper to make the reduction based on a simple ratio of successful issues to issues raised." Norman ,
C. The Court Will Award Plaintiff $625.68 in Costs
Plaintiff requests $625.68 in costs. (Doc. 22 at 1; doc. 22-3 at 9). Plaintiff has provided an itemized list of the costs (doc. 22-2 at 12-13), which show that the costs were incurred in obtaining medical records and pharmacy records. (See
The EAJA provides in relevant part that "a court shall award ... fees and other expenses."
D. The Attorney's Fees and Costs Shall Be Paid to Plaintiff, Unless the Commissioner Decides To Waive the Provisions of the Anti-Assignment Act, in Which Case the Attorney's Fees and Costs Shall Be Paid to Plaintiff's Attorney
Plaintiff has executed an affidavit (doc. 22-1) in which she purports to "assign any entitlement that [she] may have to a fee under the [EAJA] to [her] attorney, Seth B. Thompson." (Id. at 1, ¶ 3). The Commissioner responded as follows:
Upon entry of an order granting EAJA fees to Plaintiff, the Commissioner will determine whether Plaintiff owes a debt to the government that qualifies under the Treasury Offset Program,31 U.S.C. §§ 3711 and 3716, which allows for the collection of a federal debt from the amount awarded to Plaintiff. If Plaintiff does owe a debt to the Government, her EAJA fee award will be applied toward such debt by the Treasury Department's Offset Program, see Astrue v. Ratliff,560 U.S. 586 , 590,130 S.Ct. 2521 ,177 L.Ed.2d 91 (2010), and the Commissioner will notify the Treasury Department that if any funds remain after the EAJA fee award is applied to her debt, the Treasury Department should issue a check for the remaining funds made payable to Plaintiff and mail that check to Plaintiff's counsel. If the United States Department of the Treasury determines that Plaintiff does not owe a debt that is subject to offset, the government will accept the *1279assignment of EAJA fees and pay such fees directly to Plaintiff's attorney.
(Doc. 23 at 6-7). Because Plaintiff's purported assignment of her right to EAJA fees occurred before the Court awarded any fees, the purported assignment is invalid under the Anti-Assignment Act; however, the Commissioner has the discretion to "waive the Anti-Assignment Act provisions and honor the assignment." See, e.g. , Meola v. Commissioner , No. 11-421,
Accordingly, the $16,745.34 in attorney's fees and the $625.68 in costs shall be paid to Plaintiff, with the exception that "[i]f the United States Department of the Treasury determines that Plaintiff does not owe a debt that is subject to offset" (doc. 23 at 7) and the Commissioner then waives the provisions of the Anti-Assignment Act and accepts Plaintiff's purported assignment, the attorney's fees and costs shall be paid to Plaintiff's attorney, Seth B. Thompson.
IV. CONCLUSION
For the reasons stated in this opinion, the Motion is GRANTED in part and DENIED in part. More specifically, it is ORDERED, ADJUDGED , and DECREED as follows:
1. Plaintiff Angela T. Barbee, as the prevailing party, is hereby AWARDED under the EAJA attorney's fees of sixteen thousand seven hundred forty-five dollars and thirty-four cents ($16,745.34) and costs of six hundred twenty-five dollars and sixty-eight cents ($625.68).
2. Such payment SHALL be made to Plaintiff Angela T. Barbee, unless the Commissioner waives the provisions of the Anti-Assignment Act and accepts Plaintiff's purported assignment of her attorney's fees and costs, in which case such payment SHALL be made to Plaintiff's attorney, Seth B. Thompson.
DONE and ORDERED this the 19th day of October, 2018.
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339 F. Supp. 3d 1262, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/barbee-v-berryhill-alnd-2018.