UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
EDWARD BANKS, et al., Plaintiffs Civil Action No. 20-849(CKK) v. QUINCY L. BOOTH, et al., Defendants
MEMORANDUM OPINION & ORDER (April 26, 2021)
Before the Court is Defendants’ [150] Motion to Stay Proceedings pending Defendants’
appeal of the Court’s entry of a preliminary injunction and denial of Defendants’ motion for
reconsideration. Specifically, Defendants request that the Court stay: (1) Defendants’ deadline to
respond to the Complaint; (2) discovery; and (3) briefing on Plaintiffs’ motions for class
certification and to appoint lead counsel. For the reasons described below, the Court shall
GRANT-IN-PART and DENY-IN-PART Defendants’ Motion to Stay.
I. LEGAL STANDARD
“‘[T]he power to stay proceedings is incidental to the power inherent in every court to
control the disposition of the causes on its docket with economy of time and effort for itself, for
counsel, and for litigants. How this can best be done calls for the exercise of judgment, which
must weigh competing interests and maintain an even balance.’” Air Line Pilots Ass’n v. Miller,
523 U.S. 866, 880 (1998) (quoting Landis v. North Am. Co., 299 U.S. 248, 254–55 (1936)).
Moreover, a party requesting a stay of proceedings “must make out a clear case of hardship or
inequity in being required to go forward, if there is even a fair possibility that the stay for which
he prays will work damage to some one else.” Landis, 299 U.S. at 255.
1 II. DISCUSSION
Defendants move to stay proceedings in this case pending their appeal of the Court’s entry
of a preliminary injunction and denial of Defendants’ motion for reconsideration. The Court finds
that Defendants have not demonstrated “a clear case of hardship or inequity” to warrant a stay of
all proceedings in this matter. As set forth below, the Court shall stay additional briefing on
Plaintiffs’ [3] Motion for Class Certification and Appointment of Class Counsel, but shall deny
Defendants’ motion to the extent it seeks to stay their response to the Complaint and proceeding
with discovery. However, noting the concerns raised by Defendants in their pleadings, the Court
shall allow Defendants additional time to respond to discovery requests.
The Court shall briefly address the parties’ arguments regarding Defendants’ request for a
stay. First, unsurprisingly, the Court does not agree with Defendants that they are likely to prevail
on the merits of their appeal. The Court has now addressed Defendants’ arguments against
injunctive relief on three separate occasions, including, most recently, by denying Defendants’
motion for reconsideration of the preliminary injunctive relief granted in favor of Plaintiffs. See
Am. Order on Pls.’ Mot. for TRO, ECF No. 50; Order Granting in Part Pls.’ Mot. for Prelim. Inj.,
ECF No. 100; Order Denying Defs.’ Mot. to Vacate Prelim. Inj., ECF No. 142.
Defendants primarily argue that they would be harmed if discovery moves forward because
requiring Defendants to respond to Plaintiffs’ discovery requests would “divert the attention and
resources of DOC staff away from addressing the ongoing pandemic to engage in further litigation
and discovery that may ultimately prove unnecessary.” Defs.’ Mot. to Stay Proceedings (“Defs.’
Mot.”) at 6, ECF No. 150; see also id. at 7 (“[U]nder the difficult and rapidly changing
circumstances of a novel pandemic, the harm of diverting staff from their usual duties to participate
in discovery could not be more acute.”); Defs.’ Reply in Support of Mot. to Stay (“Defs.’ Reply”)
2 at 5, ECF No. 152. On the other side of the equation, Defendants contend that Plaintiffs would
suffer at most a “brief delay” in litigation and discovery. Defs.’ Mot. at 7. Defendants also note
that several inspections of the facilities have already been conducted by amici and that the D.C.
Circuit has granted the parties expedited briefing on their appeal. 1 Id. at 8–9. For these same
reasons, Defendants also contend that a stay is in the “public interest,” because the “public interest
is not served by diverting critical DOC resources in the pursuit of what may be burdensome,
unnecessary discovery,” particularly “during a pandemic when government resources are already
stretched thin.” Id. at 8. Plaintiffs respond that Defendants’ arguments about the burdens imposed
by discovery are “speculative” and may be raised as objections to specific discovery requests. Pls.’
Opp’n to Defs.’ Mot. to Stay (“Pls.’ Opp’n”) at 2, ECF No. 151. Moreover, Plaintiffs contend that
they would be harmed by a stay because by not proceeding with discovery, Plaintiffs have “no
ability” to ensure that “Defendants are complying with the Court’s injunction.” Id. at 6. And they
further note that “given the rapidly changing nature of the pandemic,” Defendants’ proposed delay
would “risk additional injury” and would delay the Court’s resolution of the claims not yet
addressed by the Court. Id. at 5, 8.
Defendants further argue that a stay would promote judicial economy because their appeal
presents “serious legal questions” involving the “proper application of the Eighth and Fifth
Amendment due process in the context of prison administration, especially during a pandemic”
and the “requirements of the PLRA in this jurisdiction.” Defs.’ Mot. at 8–9. Defendants argue
that the resolution of these legal questions will alter the course of this litigation, which counsels
in favor of a stay to preserve the parties’ and this Court’s resources. Id. at 10. Defendants note,
1 The parties’ briefing on appeal was completed on April 9, 2021 and oral argument is scheduled for May 11, 2021. See Feb. 19, 2021 and Mar. 25, 2021 Orders, Banks et al, v. Booth et al., No. 20-5216 (D.C. Cir.). 3 for example, that the PLRA’s “need-narrowness-intrusiveness” requirement previously has not
been addressed squarely in this Circuit.” Id. at 9. They argue that if the Circuit Court concludes
that the Court’s findings were inadequate under the PLRA to support the preliminary injunction,
that will inform the parties and the Court “of the proper scope of any relief to be sought or awarded
in the future.” Id. at 10. However, as Plaintiffs note, Defendants do not explain how, even if the
appellate court were to reverse the preliminary injunction, a reversal would make discovery
conducted in the interim unnecessary or different in scope. Pls.’ Opp’n at 1, 9; see, e.g., Wrenn v.
Dist. of Columbia, 179 F. Supp. 3d 135, 139 (D.D.C. 2016) (“If it were certain that the D.C.
Circuit's resolution of the interlocutory appeal would resolve this case, then there would be a strong
argument for staying the case pending that decision.”).
Although the Court is sensitive to the challenges posed to Defendants in addressing the
ongoing COVID-19 pandemic while simultaneously defending its efforts in litigation, it does not
find Defendants’ justifications for a stay persuasive to halt this case from proceeding with fact
discovery. Accordingly, the Court shall permit the parties to proceed with discovery. However,
to “weigh competing interests,” Wrenn, 179 F. Supp. at 136, the Court shall allow Defendants 45
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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
EDWARD BANKS, et al., Plaintiffs Civil Action No. 20-849(CKK) v. QUINCY L. BOOTH, et al., Defendants
MEMORANDUM OPINION & ORDER (April 26, 2021)
Before the Court is Defendants’ [150] Motion to Stay Proceedings pending Defendants’
appeal of the Court’s entry of a preliminary injunction and denial of Defendants’ motion for
reconsideration. Specifically, Defendants request that the Court stay: (1) Defendants’ deadline to
respond to the Complaint; (2) discovery; and (3) briefing on Plaintiffs’ motions for class
certification and to appoint lead counsel. For the reasons described below, the Court shall
GRANT-IN-PART and DENY-IN-PART Defendants’ Motion to Stay.
I. LEGAL STANDARD
“‘[T]he power to stay proceedings is incidental to the power inherent in every court to
control the disposition of the causes on its docket with economy of time and effort for itself, for
counsel, and for litigants. How this can best be done calls for the exercise of judgment, which
must weigh competing interests and maintain an even balance.’” Air Line Pilots Ass’n v. Miller,
523 U.S. 866, 880 (1998) (quoting Landis v. North Am. Co., 299 U.S. 248, 254–55 (1936)).
Moreover, a party requesting a stay of proceedings “must make out a clear case of hardship or
inequity in being required to go forward, if there is even a fair possibility that the stay for which
he prays will work damage to some one else.” Landis, 299 U.S. at 255.
1 II. DISCUSSION
Defendants move to stay proceedings in this case pending their appeal of the Court’s entry
of a preliminary injunction and denial of Defendants’ motion for reconsideration. The Court finds
that Defendants have not demonstrated “a clear case of hardship or inequity” to warrant a stay of
all proceedings in this matter. As set forth below, the Court shall stay additional briefing on
Plaintiffs’ [3] Motion for Class Certification and Appointment of Class Counsel, but shall deny
Defendants’ motion to the extent it seeks to stay their response to the Complaint and proceeding
with discovery. However, noting the concerns raised by Defendants in their pleadings, the Court
shall allow Defendants additional time to respond to discovery requests.
The Court shall briefly address the parties’ arguments regarding Defendants’ request for a
stay. First, unsurprisingly, the Court does not agree with Defendants that they are likely to prevail
on the merits of their appeal. The Court has now addressed Defendants’ arguments against
injunctive relief on three separate occasions, including, most recently, by denying Defendants’
motion for reconsideration of the preliminary injunctive relief granted in favor of Plaintiffs. See
Am. Order on Pls.’ Mot. for TRO, ECF No. 50; Order Granting in Part Pls.’ Mot. for Prelim. Inj.,
ECF No. 100; Order Denying Defs.’ Mot. to Vacate Prelim. Inj., ECF No. 142.
Defendants primarily argue that they would be harmed if discovery moves forward because
requiring Defendants to respond to Plaintiffs’ discovery requests would “divert the attention and
resources of DOC staff away from addressing the ongoing pandemic to engage in further litigation
and discovery that may ultimately prove unnecessary.” Defs.’ Mot. to Stay Proceedings (“Defs.’
Mot.”) at 6, ECF No. 150; see also id. at 7 (“[U]nder the difficult and rapidly changing
circumstances of a novel pandemic, the harm of diverting staff from their usual duties to participate
in discovery could not be more acute.”); Defs.’ Reply in Support of Mot. to Stay (“Defs.’ Reply”)
2 at 5, ECF No. 152. On the other side of the equation, Defendants contend that Plaintiffs would
suffer at most a “brief delay” in litigation and discovery. Defs.’ Mot. at 7. Defendants also note
that several inspections of the facilities have already been conducted by amici and that the D.C.
Circuit has granted the parties expedited briefing on their appeal. 1 Id. at 8–9. For these same
reasons, Defendants also contend that a stay is in the “public interest,” because the “public interest
is not served by diverting critical DOC resources in the pursuit of what may be burdensome,
unnecessary discovery,” particularly “during a pandemic when government resources are already
stretched thin.” Id. at 8. Plaintiffs respond that Defendants’ arguments about the burdens imposed
by discovery are “speculative” and may be raised as objections to specific discovery requests. Pls.’
Opp’n to Defs.’ Mot. to Stay (“Pls.’ Opp’n”) at 2, ECF No. 151. Moreover, Plaintiffs contend that
they would be harmed by a stay because by not proceeding with discovery, Plaintiffs have “no
ability” to ensure that “Defendants are complying with the Court’s injunction.” Id. at 6. And they
further note that “given the rapidly changing nature of the pandemic,” Defendants’ proposed delay
would “risk additional injury” and would delay the Court’s resolution of the claims not yet
addressed by the Court. Id. at 5, 8.
Defendants further argue that a stay would promote judicial economy because their appeal
presents “serious legal questions” involving the “proper application of the Eighth and Fifth
Amendment due process in the context of prison administration, especially during a pandemic”
and the “requirements of the PLRA in this jurisdiction.” Defs.’ Mot. at 8–9. Defendants argue
that the resolution of these legal questions will alter the course of this litigation, which counsels
in favor of a stay to preserve the parties’ and this Court’s resources. Id. at 10. Defendants note,
1 The parties’ briefing on appeal was completed on April 9, 2021 and oral argument is scheduled for May 11, 2021. See Feb. 19, 2021 and Mar. 25, 2021 Orders, Banks et al, v. Booth et al., No. 20-5216 (D.C. Cir.). 3 for example, that the PLRA’s “need-narrowness-intrusiveness” requirement previously has not
been addressed squarely in this Circuit.” Id. at 9. They argue that if the Circuit Court concludes
that the Court’s findings were inadequate under the PLRA to support the preliminary injunction,
that will inform the parties and the Court “of the proper scope of any relief to be sought or awarded
in the future.” Id. at 10. However, as Plaintiffs note, Defendants do not explain how, even if the
appellate court were to reverse the preliminary injunction, a reversal would make discovery
conducted in the interim unnecessary or different in scope. Pls.’ Opp’n at 1, 9; see, e.g., Wrenn v.
Dist. of Columbia, 179 F. Supp. 3d 135, 139 (D.D.C. 2016) (“If it were certain that the D.C.
Circuit's resolution of the interlocutory appeal would resolve this case, then there would be a strong
argument for staying the case pending that decision.”).
Although the Court is sensitive to the challenges posed to Defendants in addressing the
ongoing COVID-19 pandemic while simultaneously defending its efforts in litigation, it does not
find Defendants’ justifications for a stay persuasive to halt this case from proceeding with fact
discovery. Accordingly, the Court shall permit the parties to proceed with discovery. However,
to “weigh competing interests,” Wrenn, 179 F. Supp. at 136, the Court shall allow Defendants 45
days to respond to Plaintiffs’ interrogatories and requests for production. See Fed. R. Civ. P.
33(b)(2), 34(b)(2)(A). In addition, the Court shall stay further briefing on Plaintiffs’ motion for
class certification until further order of the Court.
4 III. CONCLUSION AND ORDER
For the foregoing reasons, the Court GRANTS-IN-PART and DENIES-IN-PART
Defendants’ motion to stay proceedings in this case pending appeal. It is hereby
ORDERED that Defendants shall answer or otherwise respond to Plaintiffs’ Complaint by
MAY 14, 2021; it is further
ORDERED that the Court shall STAY additional briefing on Plaintiffs’ [3] Motion for
Class Certification and Appointment of Class Counsel until further order of the Court; and it
further
ORDERED that pursuant to Federal Rules of Civil Procedure 33(b)(2) and 34(b)(2)(A),
Defendants shall be permitted 45 days to respond to Plaintiffs’ requests for production and
interrogatories.
SO ORDERED.
Dated: April 26, 2021
/s/ COLLEEN KOLLAR-KOTELLY United States District Judge