Bank of New York Mellon v. Belville

2017 Ohio 7772

• Court: Ohio Court of Appeals
• Decided: September 22, 2017
• Docket: L-16-1312
• Status: Published

Opinion

[Cite as Bank of New York Mellon v. Belville, 2017-Ohio-7772.]

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO SIXTH APPELLATE DISTRICT LUCAS COUNTY

The Bank of New York Mellon fka Court of Appeals No. L-16-1312 The Bank of New York as Trustee for the benefit of Alternative Loan Trial Court No. CI0201604064 Trust 2007-J1 Mortgage Pass- Through Certificates, Series 2007J-1 P-Appellee

v.

Janessa Belville aka Janessa L. Belville aka Janessa Kuhn, et al. DECISION AND JUDGMENT

Appellants Decided: September 22, 2017

*****

Jason A. Whitacre and Laura C. Infante, for appellee.

Mark M. Mockensturm, Brandon M. Rehkopf and Samuel R. Harden, for appellants.

OSOWIK, J.

{¶ 1} This is an appeal from a default judgment of the Lucas County Court of

Common Pleas that granted plaintiff-appellee’s, Bank of New York, motion for default

judgment on its foreclosure action and further ordered defendant-appellant, Janessa Belville, to pay the amount of $ 447,538.40 plus interest thereon at a rate of 3.25 percent

per annum from June 1, 2015.

{¶ 2} Appellant challenges that judgment and presents a sole assignment of error:

THE TRIAL COURT ERRED IN GRANTING PLAINTIFF’S

MOTION FOR DEFAULT JUDGMENT WITHOUT RULING ON

DEFENDANT’S PREVIOUSLY FILED MOTION FOR LEAVE TO

ANSWER.

{¶ 3} The facts of this case are as follows. Appellee, The Bank of New York as

Trustee for the benefit of Alternative Loan Trust 2007-J1 Mortgage Pass-Through

Certificates, Series 2007J-1 filed its complaint in foreclosure on August 30, 2016.

Appellee Janessa Kuhn (Belville) was served on September 9, 2016, and Tracy Kuhn was

served on September 19, 2016. The answer date to plead or to otherwise respond to the

complaint would have been October 7, 2016, for Janessa Kuhn and October 17, 2016, for

Tracy Kuhn. No answer was filed by either named defendant.

{¶ 4} The Bank of New York Mellon filed a motion for default judgment on

November 4, 2016. On November 15, 2016, the Kuhns, by and through counsel, filed a

motion for leave to file answer instanter.

{¶ 5} On December 1, 2016, the trial court granted appellee’s motion for default

judgment without taking any action on appellants’ motion.

2. {¶ 6} Appellants argue that the trial court erred in granting appellee’s motion for

default judgment without first addressing and ruling on appellants’ pending motion for

leave to file answer instanter.

{¶ 7} In this case, it is undisputed that the answer date to respond to the complaint

had lapsed at the time appellants filed their motion for leave to file answer instanter on

November 15, 2016.

{¶ 8} Nevertheless, Civ.R. 6(B) provides a means to permit a court to grant

additional time to a moving party to file a pleading. That rule states:

(B) Time; extension. When by these rules or by a notice given

thereunder or by order of court an act is required or allowed to be done at or

within a specified time, the court for cause shown may at any time in its

discretion (1) with or without motion or notice order the period enlarged if

request therefor is made before the expiration of the period originally

prescribed or as extended by a previous order, or (2) upon motion made

after the expiration of the specified period permit the act to be done where

the failure to act was the result of excusable neglect; but it may not extend

the time for taking any action under Civ.R. 50(B), Civ.R. 59(B), Civ.R.

59(D), and Civ.R. 60(B), except to the extent and under the conditions

stated in them.

{¶ 9} Therefore, upon a demonstration of excusable neglect for failing to respond

to the complaint in a timely manner, a moving party may be granted additional time to

3. plead. The determination of a matter pursuant to a Civ.R. 6(B) motion is addressed to the

sound discretion of the trial court and will not be disturbed upon appeal “absent a

showing of an abuse of discretion.” Marion Prod. Credit Assn. v. Cochran, 40 Ohio

St.3d 265, 271, 533 N.E.2d 325 (1988).

{¶ 10} We have held that the trial court’s discretion in this matter is not

unrestrained, but requires a determination as to whether the neglect was excusable or

inexcusable. Yoakam v. Boyd, 6th Dist. No. OT-08-112, 2009-Ohio-395. We further

noted in Yoakam that courts must be mindful of the admonition that cases should be

decided on their merits, where possible, rather than procedural grounds.

{¶ 11} Although excusable neglect cannot be defined in the abstract, the test for

excusable neglect under Civ.R. 6(B)(2) is less stringent than that applied under Civ.R.

60(B). State ex rel. Lindenschmidt v. Butler Cty. Bd. of Commrs., 72 Ohio St.3d 464,

466, 650 N.E.2d 1343 (1995). “Neglect” as it relates to Civ.R. 6(B)(2) has been defined

as “conduct that falls substantially below what is reasonable under the circumstances.”

State ex rel. Weiss v. Indus. Comm., 65 Ohio St.3d 470, 473, 605 N.E.2d 37 (1992),

quoting GTE Automatic Elec., Inc. v. ARC Industries, Inc. (1976), 47 Ohio St.2d 146,

152, 351 N.E.2d 113 (1976).

{¶ 12} Appellants stated in their motion that they recently retained counsel and

that a default judgment had not yet been taken by appellee. Thus, appellants presented an

argument for excusable neglect. Under these circumstances, as we held in Yoakam, the

4. trial court was required to consider all of the surrounding circumstances to determine

whether or not appellants had established excusable neglect.

{¶ 13} Thus, under the circumstances of this case, we conclude that granting the

motion for default judgment was unreasonable in light of appellants’ pending motion for

{¶ 14} Therefore, the sole assignment of error presented by appellants is found

well-taken.

Conclusion

{¶ 15} The judgment of the Lucas County Court of Common Pleas is reversed and

remanded to the trial court to make a determination as to whether appellants have

demonstrated excusable neglect in failing to respond to the complaint in a timely manner

and for the trial court to rule on appellants’ motion for leave to file answer instanter. If

excusable neglect is not demonstrated then the default judgment should be reinstated.

Appellee is ordered to pay the costs of this appeal pursuant to App.R. 24.

Judgment reversed.

A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to App.R. 27. See also 6th Dist.Loc.App.R. 4.

5. The Bank of New York Mellon v. Belville C.A. No. L-16-1312

Thomas J. Osowik, J. _______________________________ JUDGE James D. Jensen, P.J. _______________________________ Christine E. Mayle, J. JUDGE CONCUR. _______________________________ JUDGE

6.