HUTCHESON, Circuit Judge.
When this case was here before,1 it was on an appeal from a judgment on a verdict directed against appellant then, appellee now, on the ground that the primary cause of the “collision” was the negligence of plaintiff, in not operating his train at restricted speed, within the yard limits of the. station at Hagerman.
On this appeal, the railway company, assigning other grounds too, still insists [770]*770that the verdict should have been directed for it on that ground. We thought then, that the case was not one for a direction. We thought then, that since, under the provisions of the Federal Employers’ Liability Act, 45 U.S.C.A. § 51 et seq., contributory negligence on the part of an employee, is not a bar to, but only diminishes recovery, the case was one for a jury verdict. Fully recognizing the laboring oar they pull, in endeavoring to have us reverse our former judgment, appellant yet vigorously maintains that; the case is one of an employee causing his own injury through direct violation of a positive, specific rule; and that within the authorities, his negligence must be considered the sole proximate cause of his injury, even though, the fireman was negligent in failing to keep a proper lookout. Unadilla Valley Railway Company v. Caldine, 278 U.S. 139, 49 S.Ct. 91, 73 L.Ed. 224; St. Louis Southwestern Railway Co. v. Simpson, 286 U.S. 346, 52 S.Ct. 520, 76 L.Ed. 1152; Van Derveer v. Delaware, L. & W. R. Co., 2 Cir., 84 F.2d 979; Paster v. Pennsylvania R. R., 2 Cir., 43 F.2d 908; Hylton v. Southern Railway Co., 6 Cir., 87 F.2d 393; Great Northern Railway Co. v. Wiles, Administrator, 240 U.S. 444, 36 S.Ct. 406, 60 L.Ed. 732; Miller v. Central R. Co. of New Jersey, 2 Cir., 58 F.2d 635; I.-G. N. R. R. Co. v. Lowry, 132 Tex. 272, 121 S.W.2d 585; Pere Marquette. R. Co. v. Haskins, 6 Cir., 62 F.2d 806.
We do not think so. Of the opinion that the case was one for a jury verdict upon whether there was negligence of the fireman, which concurred with that of the plaintiff, to cause the collision, we overrule appellant’s assignment that a verr diet should have been directed for it. Cf. Atlantic Coast Line R. Co. v. Stringfellow, 292 U.S. 625, 54 S.Ct. 630, 78 L. Ed. 1480.
The case stands differently, however, on appellant’s assignments, that there was error, in the giving of objected to portions of the main charge, and in the refusal of defendant’s requested charges. Separately assigned, as to particular charges asked and refused, and as to portions of the main charge given over appellant’s objection, taken together, they present three main grounds of error. The first point presented in requested charges and in objections to the main charge, is, that appellant was entitled to its requested charge that plaintiff in violation of company rules 93 and D-153,2 *****8 had, as engineer failed to have his train move while in the yard limits of Hagerman, at restricted speed, that is, “Proceed, prepared to stop short of train, obstruction or anything that may require the speed of a train to be reduced.” The second point is, that under these rules, the members of the crew of Extra 1146-East, into the caboose of which plaintiff ran his train, were under no obligation to protect against it and therefore, could not be negligent with respect to plaintiff; and it was error to submit to the jury, whether or not, they were. A subordinate point under this main point is, that if the issue of the negligence of the crew of Extra 1146-East should have been submitted at all, it was not correctly submitted, in that the charge erroneously told the jury that there is a conflict between Rule 93 and Rule 99, when properly construed there is no conflict.
The third point is the more general one, that the Judge throughout his charge, failed to instruct the jury, as he should have done, that the violation by plaintiff of specific rules, such as Rules 93 and D-153, would of itself, constitute negligence, [771]*771and further the charge did not properly advise the jury as to the weight to he attached to the rules, that is, as to their force and effect.
We think appellant is right. It is true, that a violation of company rules for the conduct of its employees, general in terms, will not ordinarily constitute negligence as matter of law. Nor will observance of such rules, as matter of law, necessarily be due care, but it will be for the jury to say, considering the rules along with the evidence as a whole, whether there was negligence. Gildner v. B. & O. R. Co., 2 Cir., 90 F.2d 635; Rocco v. Lehigh Valley R. R. Co., 288 U.S. 275, 53 S. Ct. 343, 77 L.Ed. 743; Miller v. Central R. Co. of New Jersey, 2 Cir., 58 F.2d 635; Hall v. Chicago B. & N. R. R. 46 Minn. 439, 49 N.W. 239. A violation of specific rules though, will constitute negligence just as their observance by others, will, in relation to the violator, constitute, due care. Miller v. Central R. Co. of New Jersey, and other cases, supra. Thus, as applied to the question at issue, if the rule for keeping the train at restricted speed had stopped there, without more, it would have left the matter greatly one of judgment and it would be a question of fact under the opinion of witnesses qualified to give opinions, whether in the particular case, there was negligence in failing to observe it. But, where as here, there is a precise definition of restricted speed, the question of what the rule means and requires, is a question of law for the court, and the evidence of plaintiff himself showing that the train was not proceeding at restricted speed within the definition, it was the duty of the court to say so, and to instruct the jury; that plaintiff was himself negligent in violating the rule of restricted speed; and that if the jury believed that that violation was the sole proximate cause of the injury, they should find a verdict for defendant. But, because of the issue made on the negligence of the fireman, it was also the duty of the court to instruct the jury, that if, on the other hand, they believed that the fireman was also negligent in not keeping a proper lookout, or in not properly advising plaintiff of the obstruction on the track, and this negligence concurred with plaintiff’s negligence, they should award plaintiff recovery, but diminish the amount of it by such sum in proportion to the total injuries, as the negligence attributable to him bears to the negligence of the fireman.
Appellant, in charge after charge, requested the court to do this, and in addition, objected to the form of the general charge. This, instead of instructing directly upon the rule, as to restricted speed, its meaning and effect, that it had been violated, and that its violation was negligence, submitted to the jury, whether or not it had been violated, and whether, if it had been, the violation was negligent.
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HUTCHESON, Circuit Judge.
When this case was here before,1 it was on an appeal from a judgment on a verdict directed against appellant then, appellee now, on the ground that the primary cause of the “collision” was the negligence of plaintiff, in not operating his train at restricted speed, within the yard limits of the. station at Hagerman.
On this appeal, the railway company, assigning other grounds too, still insists [770]*770that the verdict should have been directed for it on that ground. We thought then, that the case was not one for a direction. We thought then, that since, under the provisions of the Federal Employers’ Liability Act, 45 U.S.C.A. § 51 et seq., contributory negligence on the part of an employee, is not a bar to, but only diminishes recovery, the case was one for a jury verdict. Fully recognizing the laboring oar they pull, in endeavoring to have us reverse our former judgment, appellant yet vigorously maintains that; the case is one of an employee causing his own injury through direct violation of a positive, specific rule; and that within the authorities, his negligence must be considered the sole proximate cause of his injury, even though, the fireman was negligent in failing to keep a proper lookout. Unadilla Valley Railway Company v. Caldine, 278 U.S. 139, 49 S.Ct. 91, 73 L.Ed. 224; St. Louis Southwestern Railway Co. v. Simpson, 286 U.S. 346, 52 S.Ct. 520, 76 L.Ed. 1152; Van Derveer v. Delaware, L. & W. R. Co., 2 Cir., 84 F.2d 979; Paster v. Pennsylvania R. R., 2 Cir., 43 F.2d 908; Hylton v. Southern Railway Co., 6 Cir., 87 F.2d 393; Great Northern Railway Co. v. Wiles, Administrator, 240 U.S. 444, 36 S.Ct. 406, 60 L.Ed. 732; Miller v. Central R. Co. of New Jersey, 2 Cir., 58 F.2d 635; I.-G. N. R. R. Co. v. Lowry, 132 Tex. 272, 121 S.W.2d 585; Pere Marquette. R. Co. v. Haskins, 6 Cir., 62 F.2d 806.
We do not think so. Of the opinion that the case was one for a jury verdict upon whether there was negligence of the fireman, which concurred with that of the plaintiff, to cause the collision, we overrule appellant’s assignment that a verr diet should have been directed for it. Cf. Atlantic Coast Line R. Co. v. Stringfellow, 292 U.S. 625, 54 S.Ct. 630, 78 L. Ed. 1480.
The case stands differently, however, on appellant’s assignments, that there was error, in the giving of objected to portions of the main charge, and in the refusal of defendant’s requested charges. Separately assigned, as to particular charges asked and refused, and as to portions of the main charge given over appellant’s objection, taken together, they present three main grounds of error. The first point presented in requested charges and in objections to the main charge, is, that appellant was entitled to its requested charge that plaintiff in violation of company rules 93 and D-153,2 *****8 had, as engineer failed to have his train move while in the yard limits of Hagerman, at restricted speed, that is, “Proceed, prepared to stop short of train, obstruction or anything that may require the speed of a train to be reduced.” The second point is, that under these rules, the members of the crew of Extra 1146-East, into the caboose of which plaintiff ran his train, were under no obligation to protect against it and therefore, could not be negligent with respect to plaintiff; and it was error to submit to the jury, whether or not, they were. A subordinate point under this main point is, that if the issue of the negligence of the crew of Extra 1146-East should have been submitted at all, it was not correctly submitted, in that the charge erroneously told the jury that there is a conflict between Rule 93 and Rule 99, when properly construed there is no conflict.
The third point is the more general one, that the Judge throughout his charge, failed to instruct the jury, as he should have done, that the violation by plaintiff of specific rules, such as Rules 93 and D-153, would of itself, constitute negligence, [771]*771and further the charge did not properly advise the jury as to the weight to he attached to the rules, that is, as to their force and effect.
We think appellant is right. It is true, that a violation of company rules for the conduct of its employees, general in terms, will not ordinarily constitute negligence as matter of law. Nor will observance of such rules, as matter of law, necessarily be due care, but it will be for the jury to say, considering the rules along with the evidence as a whole, whether there was negligence. Gildner v. B. & O. R. Co., 2 Cir., 90 F.2d 635; Rocco v. Lehigh Valley R. R. Co., 288 U.S. 275, 53 S. Ct. 343, 77 L.Ed. 743; Miller v. Central R. Co. of New Jersey, 2 Cir., 58 F.2d 635; Hall v. Chicago B. & N. R. R. 46 Minn. 439, 49 N.W. 239. A violation of specific rules though, will constitute negligence just as their observance by others, will, in relation to the violator, constitute, due care. Miller v. Central R. Co. of New Jersey, and other cases, supra. Thus, as applied to the question at issue, if the rule for keeping the train at restricted speed had stopped there, without more, it would have left the matter greatly one of judgment and it would be a question of fact under the opinion of witnesses qualified to give opinions, whether in the particular case, there was negligence in failing to observe it. But, where as here, there is a precise definition of restricted speed, the question of what the rule means and requires, is a question of law for the court, and the evidence of plaintiff himself showing that the train was not proceeding at restricted speed within the definition, it was the duty of the court to say so, and to instruct the jury; that plaintiff was himself negligent in violating the rule of restricted speed; and that if the jury believed that that violation was the sole proximate cause of the injury, they should find a verdict for defendant. But, because of the issue made on the negligence of the fireman, it was also the duty of the court to instruct the jury, that if, on the other hand, they believed that the fireman was also negligent in not keeping a proper lookout, or in not properly advising plaintiff of the obstruction on the track, and this negligence concurred with plaintiff’s negligence, they should award plaintiff recovery, but diminish the amount of it by such sum in proportion to the total injuries, as the negligence attributable to him bears to the negligence of the fireman.
Appellant, in charge after charge, requested the court to do this, and in addition, objected to the form of the general charge. This, instead of instructing directly upon the rule, as to restricted speed, its meaning and effect, that it had been violated, and that its violation was negligence, submitted to the jury, whether or not it had been violated, and whether, if it had been, the violation was negligent. Thus, there was error, in submitting an issue as to the legal effect of the violation of this rule when it was the duty of the court to direct the jury, that its violation by plaintiff would be negligence. And there was error too, in failing to instruct the jury that on the undisputed facts, plaintiff had violated it. It will not do, as appellee asks us to, to say, that the District Judge advised the jury as to the meaning of the rule in the terms of the rule itself, and that this Was all appellant was entitled to have. For, appellánt was entitled to have the jury instructed, not only as to the meaning of the rule and its binding effect, and that its -violation was negligence, but also on the undisputed facts, that plaintiff had violated it.
Appellee devotes a large portion of its brief to the contention that while Rule 93 was offered in evidence, Rule D-153, which contains the definition of restricted speed, was not, and that when the District Judge charged the jury as to restricted speed in the language of the definition, he really gave appellant more than he was entitled to.
This will not do. The parties by a stipulation, not reasonably capable of any other meaning than that they were to be regarded as in evidence, agreed that the rules appellant pleaded (included in them were 93 and D-153 with the definition of restricted speed), were in force and governed the operation of defendant’s trains involved in the action. The whole trial proceeded upon the theory that the rules were in evidence. No objection was taken by appellee to the charge of the court, treating the rules and the definition of restricted speed as in evidence, and it is too late now, for appellee to change front and contend that they were not, especially, since if the point that they were not in, had been made below, the omission could have, at once, been reme[772]*772died. United States v. Atkinson, 297 U. S. 157, 56 S.Ct. 391, 80 L.Ed. 555; St. Paul Fire & Marine Ins. Co. v. Kaufman Compress Co., 5 Cir., 93 F.2d 156, 158.
Finally- pointing to what we said in the opinion on the former appeal; that Rules 93 and 99 were in conflict and whether the crew of 1146-East were negligent in not protecting against S-46, plaintiff’s train, was for the jury; and, “further, the rule requiring an engineer to operate his train at restricted speed within yard limits is very indefinite. If the jury believed the testimony of the engineer, they might have considered he was not negligent in this respect;” 100 F.2d page 164, and to the testimony of plaintiff on this trial that he was traveling at restricted speed; appellee insists that, under the rule of the law of the case, these were jury issues.
We do not think so. The rule of the law of the case means that what was decided on the former appeal, is, if the evidence is the same on another trial controlling on the trial court, and on the appellate court on another appeal, unless on a re-examination, that court is convinced that the first decision was wrong. Messinger v. Anderson, 225 U.S. 436, 32 S.Ct. 739, 56 L.Ed. 1152; State of Kansas ex rel. Beck v. Occidental Life Ins. Co., 10 Cir., 95 F.2d 935; Seagraves v. Wallace, 5 Cir., 69 F.2d 163; American Surety Co. v. Bankers’ Savings & Loan Ass’n, 8 Cir., 67 F.2d 803. What was decided on the former appeal was this; on all the evidence in the record the case was clearly one for the jury and it was error to direct a verdict for defendant. With that decision we are in full accord. What was said in the course of the opinion; that Rules 93 and 99 were in conflict; that the jury had the right, to determine whether the crew of 1146-East were negligent; that the rule for running at restricted speed was very indefinite, and if the jury believed plaintiff’s testimony that he was running at restricted speed, they could find that he was not negligent, in respect of the rule, was not necessary to the decision that the judgment should be reversed.
A careful consideration of the evidence convinces us that the rule requiring an engineer to operate his train at restricted speed within yard limits, is, in the light of the definition in the rules not “very indefinite”, but most definite; that Rules 93 and D-153 are not in conflict with Rule 99, but complementary thereof. We think it quite plain too, that within the authorities, Little Rock & M. R. Co. v. Barry, 8 Cir., 84 F. 944, 43 L. R.A; 349; Southern Ry. v. Hylton, 6 Cir., 37 F.2d 843; they imposed a specific duty upon plaintiff to watch out for the train ahead, within the yard limits, and to so run his train, that he could stop it when necessary to avoid running into the train ahead. They imposed no duty on the train crew ahead to look out for him.
Rules 93 and D-153, both state positively “within yard limits, trains arid engines may use the main track, not protecting against second or third class trains or extra trains * * * All except first class trains will move within yard limits at restricted speed. The responsibility for accident with respect to second or third class trains rests with the approaching train.” (Italics supplied). Then the rule defined restricted speed — “Proceed prepared to stop short of train, obstruction or anything that may require the speed of a train to be redttced.” (Italics supplied). A rule of similar purport covering movement of vessels in a fog, has been uniformly construed, as peremptory, its violation negligent, if a ship is at such speed as to be unable to stop within the distance other vessels can be seen. The Anna, 5 Cir., 297 F. 182, 184. Without any rule, the courts have held, that automobiles traveling where vision is obscured, must be kept at such speed, as to be able to stop within the distance within which an obstruction may be seen. Thompson v. City of Houma, 5 Cir., 76 F.2d 793; Sisson v. So. Ry. Co., 62 App.D.C. 356, 68 F.2d 403, 405; Northern Pac. Ry. Co. v. Bacon, 9 Cir., 91 F.2d 173; Smith v. Southern Ry. Co., 5 Cir., 53 F.2d 186; Brown v. Southern Ry., 5 Cir., 61 F.2d 399, 400.
Plaintiff’s train was not a first class train but an extra. The rules were made to cover such trains as his. He knew, that Extra 1146-East was ahead of him and he knew that because of the curve, he would not be able to see a train standing at the station until within 1,000 ft. of. it. Knowing all of this, instead of bringing his train to restricted speed, and proceeding under it, he, according to his own testimony, merely reduced it from the 25 miles per hour, at which he was traveling, down to an estimated 12 to 15 miles [773]*773per hour, a speed which according to his own testimony, would require, 1,400 to 1,500 ft., to stop in. Assuming that plaintiff’s testimony as to the rate of speed at which he was running was true (though it hardly seems reasonable that a train running at only 12 or 15 miles per hour, could not be stopped by the application of the emergency, under 1,500 ft.), we think it is contrary to common sense to contend that the train when running in yard limits at a speed which requires 1,-500 ft., merely a third of a mile to' stop in, was running at restricted speed under the rule. A verdict that it was, would we think, be wholly without support in the evidence.
In his testimony before the Board, given within two. weeks after the accident, plaintiff, said that he knew that Hagerman was protected by yard limit boards; that he had passed the board over 4,000 feet before the collision; that he knew that under the yard limit rule he was required to move under restricted speed, “that restricted speed was to be able to stop short of any obstruction; and that he would have to admit that if he had lived up to the rule and had been handling his engine in yard limits at restricted speed, he would not have had the accident.” On the trial, he undertook to avoid the effect of this testimony, saying that he was sick and in the hospital at the time he so testified. But, though he did say that he thought that he was traveling at restricted speed before the collision, he admitted, that though he saw the caboose 1,000 ft., before the point of collision, he was traveling at such a speed that he could not, even by the application of his emergency, stop before striking it. Excusing the speed at which he was going by saying, “I was going at such speed I couldn’t stop because of the information of the fireman that the road was clear,” he answered the question, “At any rate, you were going at such a high rate of speed that you could not stop before you hit the caboose?” “No Sir. I could not stop.”
Questioned as to the time it would take to stop his train at the speed at which he was going just before and at the time of the collision, he said, “As I approached the double crossing, which was a mile and a half or a mile and a quarter from the station at Hagerman, I was running at about 25 miles per hour. I set the air and reduced the speed from about 25 miles per hour to about 12 or 15 miles per hour,” he further said that running at 25 miles per hour, he could have stopped with air within 3,000 ft., or 3,500 ft., and with the emergency between 1,500 ft., or 2,000 ft., and that traveling at 12 or 15 miles per hour, with air, he could have stopped between 1,500 or 2,000 ft, and with the emergency around 1,400 ft.”
It is thus perfectly plain that going at a speed which would require 1,400 ft. to make an emergency stop, he was not going at restricted speed within the definition of the rule, “Prepared to stop short of train, obstruction or anything that may require the speed of a train to be reduced.”
We think it quite plain too, that Rules 93-99, are not in conflict with, but are complementary of, each other. Rule 99 is general, Rule 93 is particular. Rule 99 applies to every case except that dealt with in Rules 93 and D-153. Those rules control special case's. It was not necessary, therefore, for the crew of 1146-East, to put out signals, look out for or otherwise protect against Extra 1146, within the yard limits of Hagerman. The case did not come under Rule 99, providing: “When a train stops under circumstances in which it may be overtaken by another train,” for under Rule 93 and D-153, there were no circumstances under which 1146-East might be overtaken by Extra S-41. The responsibility for avoiding a collision was on plaintiff’s train and not on 1146-East. Its crew was expressly excused from protecting against the following train. It was error to submit the question of the negligence of its members to the jury.
For the errors indicated, the judgment'is reversed and the cause is remanded for further and not inconsistent proceedings.
Reversed and remanded.