Appeal of Exeter Police Ass'n

904 A.2d 614, 154 N.H. 61, 2006 N.H. LEXIS 119, 181 L.R.R.M. (BNA) 3140
CourtSupreme Court of New Hampshire
DecidedAugust 15, 2006
DocketNo. 2005-718
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 904 A.2d 614 (Appeal of Exeter Police Ass'n) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of New Hampshire primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Appeal of Exeter Police Ass'n, 904 A.2d 614, 154 N.H. 61, 2006 N.H. LEXIS 119, 181 L.R.R.M. (BNA) 3140 (N.H. 2006).

Opinion

HlCKS, J.

The petitioner, Exeter Police Association (Association), appeals the decision of the New Hampshire Public Employee Labor Relations Board (PELRB) that the respondent, Town of Exeter (Town), did not commit an unfair labor practice under RSA 273-A:5 (1999) when it denied a union employee the presence of an attorney during an investigatory interview. We affirm.

[62]*62The record supports the following facts. The Town is a public employer as defined in RSA 273-A:l, X (Supp. 2005). The Association is the exclusive representative of all full-time police officers employed by the Town. The Town and the Association entered into a collective bargaining agreement (CBA) commencing on January 1, 2003, and expiring December 31, 2007. The CBA is silent regarding a union employee’s right to have representation at an investigatory interview.

John Faulkner was hired as a full-time police officer for the Town in 1992. He was discharged after an investigation revealed that he had improperly used the State Police On-Line Technology Systems to issue a traffic ticket. The investigation began after the recipient of that ticket filed a complaint with the chief of police stating that Faulkner had been harassing him and his family. The chief revoked the traffic ticket and assigned Lt. Stephen Dockery to investigate the matter.

When Faulkner arrived at work on March 31, 2004, he found a memo stating that Dockery wanted to interview him around 6:00 p.m. Faulkner called Joseph McKittrick, a local attorney with experience in labor matters, to represent him at the interview. McKittrick arrived in time for the interview, but was forced to wait in the lobby while Dockery interviewed Faulkner. After denying McKittrick access to the interview, Dockery asked Faulkner if he wished to have a union representative present and Faulkner declined.

The parties dispute whether Faulkner described McKittrick to Dockery as his “union representative” or simply his attorney. Regardless, it is undisputed that McKittrick was not the Association’s legal counsel on March 31, 2004. In fact, the Association was without legal representation at that time. The Association, however, subsequently informed the Town on April 4,2004, that it had retained McKittrick as its counsel.

The Town terminated Faulkner’s employment on April 9, 2004. The Association and the Town entered into advisory arbitration pursuant to the grievance procedure in the parties’ CBA and an award was issued in favor of the Association. The Town rejected the arbitration award pursuant to the CBA. The Association then filed an unfair labor practice charge against the Town with the PELRB.

After a hearing, the PELRB concluded: (1) the Town had sufficient “just cause” to terminate Faulkner; and (2) the Town did not violate Faulkner’s Weingarten rights by denying McKittrick’s presence at the March 31st interview. See International Brotherhood of Police Officers, Local 391 v. City of Manchester, PELRB Decision No. 92-73 (May 4, 1992) (adopting holding in N.L.R.B. v. Weingarten, Inc., 420 U.S. 251, 267 (1975), that union employee has right to union representation at an investigatory [63]*63interview he or she reasonably believes will result in discipline). The Association appeals the latter finding.

On appeal, the Association raises several challenges to the PELRB’s finding. First, it argues that its retroactive ratification of McKittrick’s services on March 31 qualifies McKittriek as union representation on the evening of the interview. Second, it contends that Faulkner’s Weingarten rights were violated because he was denied the union representative of his choice at an investigatory interview. Third, it argues that denying McKittrick’s presence and failing to postpone the interview was tantamount to inquiring into his status and thus interfering with the union and the representation of its members. Finally, it contends that previous PELRB decisions recognize an employee’s right to pick any representative of his choice for an investigatory interview.

When reviewing a decision of the PELRB, we defer to its findings of fact, and, absent an erroneous ruling of law, we will not set aside its decision unless the appealing party demonstrates by a clear preponderance of the evidence that the order is unjust or unreasonable. Appeal of the State of N.H., 147 N.H. 106,108 (2001).

The Association argues that McKittriek qualifies as union representation because he was retroactively ratified by the union. In support of its position, the Association cites several New Hampshire statutes where this practice is expressly authorized in the corporate context. See RSA 293-A:7.04, 1(a) (1999); see RSA 293-A:8.21 (1999). The Association urges that retroactively approved actions have the same legal status as contemporaneously approved ones and the Association’s retroactive ratification of McKittrick’s representation has the same legal effect as if McKittriek had been retained by the Association on the evening of the interview.

By their terms, the statutes cited by the Association do not apply. The evidence presented before the PELRB establishes that McKittriek was not a union representative on the evening of March 31, 2004. The Association did not appoint McKittriek as a union representative until five days later. Faulkner had no authority to confer the status of union representative on McKittriek. Thus, on the evening of the interview, McKittriek could not have acted as a union representative. Even if the Association retroactively ratified McKittrick’s actions, this does not alter the facts as they existed on the evening of March 31. We cannot ignore the practical problems that sanctioning such a ratification would have. Under the Association’s rationale, public management officials would have to allow all purported employee representatives into investigatory interviews [64]*64because they would have no idea whether the employee’s desired representative would become, retroactively, a union representative.

We reject the Association’s next argument that the police department violated Faulkner’s Weingarten rights by denying him the union representative of his choice because McKittrick was not a union representative on the evening of March 31, 2004. The protected rights in Weingarten flow from an employee’s request for union representation. Weingarten, 420 U.S. at 256-57; see also Defense Criminal Investigative Service v. F.L.R.A., 855 F.2d 93, 96 (3d Cir. 1988) (explaining Weingarten rights attach when employee makes valid request for union representation); Spartan Stores, Inc. v. N.L.R.B., 628 F.2d 953, 958 (6th Cir. 1980) (stating Weingarten rights ripen only if employee requests union representation); Pacific Tel. & Tel. Co. v. N.L.R.B., 711 F.2d 134, 137 (9th Cir. 1983) (explaining Weingarten right to union representation is a right which must be requested by employee). Here, Faulkner failed to request a union representative, and thus no Weingarten rights could have been violated. Accordingly, we need not decide today what, if any, Weingarten rights attach in New Hampshire under RSA chapter 273-A. We express no opinion on whether New Hampshire law affords such protection. Appeal of City of Manchester,

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904 A.2d 614, 154 N.H. 61, 2006 N.H. LEXIS 119, 181 L.R.R.M. (BNA) 3140, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/appeal-of-exeter-police-assn-nh-2006.