Amica Mutual Insurance v. Moak

155 F.R.D. 165, 1994 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 6862, 1994 WL 227209
CourtDistrict Court, S.D. Texas
DecidedMay 24, 1994
DocketCiv. A. No. H-93-3670
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 155 F.R.D. 165 (Amica Mutual Insurance v. Moak) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, S.D. Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Amica Mutual Insurance v. Moak, 155 F.R.D. 165, 1994 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 6862, 1994 WL 227209 (S.D. Tex. 1994).

Opinion

MEMORANDUM AND ORDER

CRONE, United States Magistrate Judge.

Pending before the court are several motions for summary judgment and declaratory judgment filed by defendants Donna Moak (Docket Entry # 11), Jayson and Joel Moak (Docket Entry #’s 21 and 33), Blake Moak (Docket Entry #’s 24 and 34), and Jerome Moak and Dorothy Moffett (Docket Entry #’s 25 and 33). After a review of the pending motions, the submissions of the parties, the pleadings, and the applicable law, the court finds that Donna Moak’s motion should be denied and all other defendants’ motions granted.

1. Background.

This is an interpleader action filed by Arni-ca Mutual Insurance Company (“Arnica”) in which Arnica deposited the sum of $500,-000.00 into the registry of the court. This sum represents the total underinsured motorist limits under a personal automobile insurance policy issued by Arnica to David A. Moak (“David”) and his wife, Donna Moak (“Donna”). Subsequent to its issuance, David died from injuries sustained in an automobile accident. The accident was caused by the negligence of David Bohuslav (“Bo-huslav”) while in the course and scope of his employment with Bohuslav Trucking, Inc.

David is survived by Donna, who is the independent executrix of David’s estate, and, along with David, is a named insured under the policy. He is also survived by his minor son, Blake Moak (“Blake”), and two adult sons from a previous marriage, Jayson (“Jayson”) and Joel (“Joel”) Moak. Also surviving David is Dorothy Moffett (“Dorothy”), David’s mother, and Jerome Moak (“Jerome”), David’s father, who was previously married to Dorothy Moffett.

Neither Jerome, Dorothy, Jayson, nor Joel was a member of David’s household at the time of his death. Jayson and Joel had not resided with David for the ten years preceding his death. Moreover, David did not provide any financial support to his parents or apparently to Jayson or Joel. The premiums for the policy were paid by David and Donna, presumably from community funds. Each of these parties has filed, either separately or in combination, both a motion for summary judgment and a declaratory judgment action.

All of the individuals mentioned above brought suit against Bohuslav and his trucking company (“the Bohuslav defendants”) in Harris County Probate Court to recover damages arising out of the automobile accident. Because Truck Insurance Exchange, the Bohuslav defendants’ insurer, was unable to settle the adverse claims asserted by all of the wrongful death claimants, Truck Insurance Exchange filed an interpleader action in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas, Houston Division. After all the claimants reached a tentative agreement, the probate court refused to approve it as presented. Instead, the court heard evidence and came up with its own apportionment. This apportionment was subsequently adopted by the United States District Court in the interpleader action. Although Bohuslav was covered by liability insurance in the amount of $1,000,000.00, this sum was insufficient to satisfy the combined damages sustained by David’s estate and his surviving wrongful death beneficiaries. These claimants then instituted the instant action seeking to recover benefits under the underinsured motorist provisions of David and Donna’s automobile insurance policy.

The crux of this dispute centers on the interpretation of the term “covered person” as it is defined in the insurance policy. It is Donna’s contention that only she and David’s estate are entitled to the proceeds of the insurance policy. Jayson, Joel, Dorothy, and Jerome, according to Donna, are not entitled to benefits under the policy because they are not “covered persons.” Donna claims that Blake is not entitled to recover because he has not suffered damages compensable under the policy.

II. Analysis.

A. Interpretation of the Policy.

This court’s role in determining whether to grant summary judgment in a [167]*167case involving the construction of an insurance policy is to determine whether there is ambiguity in the applicable terms of the policy. CBI Indus, v. National Union Fire Ins. Co., 860 S.W.2d 662, 664 (Tex.App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 1993, writ granted); Yancey v. Floyd West & Co., 755 S.W.2d 914, 917 (Tex. App.—Fort Worth 1988, writ denied). Such a determination is a question of law. Brooks, Tarlton, Gilbert, Douglas & Kressler v. United States Fire Ins. Co., 832 F.2d 1358, 1364 (5th Cir.1987). Texas rules of construction are applicable in this diversity action, as it is the forum state and Texas law governs. Ideal Mut. Ins. Co. v. Last Days Evangelical Ass’n, Inc., 783 F.2d 1234, 1238 (5th Cir. 1986). These rules require that when the terms of an insurance policy are plain, definite, and unambiguous, a court may not vary those terms. Royal Indem. Co. v. Marshall, 388 S.W.2d 176, 181 (Tex.1965). An insurance policy is ambiguous only when it is “reasonably susceptible to more than one meaning ... but if only one reasonable meaning clearly emerges it is not ambiguous.” Universal C.I.T. Credit Corp. v. Daniel, 150 Tex. 513, 243 S.W.2d 154, 157 (1951). Courts must favor an interpretation that affords some consequence to each part of the instrument so that none of the provisions will be rendered meaningless. Ideal Mut. Ins. Co. v. Last Days Evangelical Ass’n, 783 F.2d at 1238; Blaylock v. American Guar. Bank Liab. Ins. Co., 632 S.W.2d 719, 722 (Tex. 1982). Moreover, courts should not strain to find ambiguity if, in so doing, they defeat the probable intentions of the parties, even when the result is an apparently harsh consequence to the insured. Calcasieu-Marine Nat. Bank v. American Employers’ Ins. Co., 533 F.2d 290, 295 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 922, 97 S.Ct. 319, 50 L.Ed.2d 289 (1976). Applying this standard, the court finds no ambiguity in the terms of the policy.

The insurance policy at issue here follows a form adopted by the Texas State Board of Insurance and is in compliance with the Texas Insurance Code, Articles 5.06, 5.06-1 and 5.06-3. No legislative history, however, addresses the specific language in dispute in this litigation. In fact, this appears to be a ease of first impression.' All claimants in the case contend that they are “covered persons” as defined in the Uninsured/Underinsured Motorist Coverage provision of the policy. Donna takes the position that she and Blake are the only claimants who qualify as “covered persons” under the policy. The applicable policy language reads:

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Lane v. State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co.
992 S.W.2d 545 (Court of Appeals of Texas, 1999)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
155 F.R.D. 165, 1994 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 6862, 1994 WL 227209, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/amica-mutual-insurance-v-moak-txsd-1994.